Variable bark fungus
| Variable bark fungus | ||||||||||||
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Hyphoderma mutatum |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Hyphoderma mutatum | ||||||||||||
| ( Peck ) Donk |
The variable beef mushroom ( Hyphoderma mutatum ) is a Ständerpilzart from the family of Fältlingsverwandten (Meruliaceae). It has carpet-like, membranous fruiting bodies of whitish color and grows on dead wood of deciduous trees , especially beeches ( Fagus ). The species is native to large parts of the Holarctic .
features
Macroscopic features
The variable bark fungus has resupinate , membranous-waxy fruiting bodies typical of the genus Hyphoderma , which first grow in groups and then fuse with one another. They are freshly whitish to gray or cream-colored, their edge is fibrous. Their hymenium is smooth.
Microscopic features
As with all types of hyphoderma , the hyphae structure of the variable bark fungus is monomitic, i.e. it only has generative hyphae . The 3–4 µm wide hyphae are hyaline , thick or thin-walled and heavily branched, the septa always have buckles . The cystidia are divided into two groups: 60–100 × 7–10 µm in size, non-encrusted, cylindrical blunt-pointed and thick-walled, 30–40 × 8–10 µm in size and encrusted. The basidia of the species are club-shaped to approximately urn-shaped, have four sterigmata and measure 30–50 × 7–10 µm. They have a buckle at the base . Their spores are cylindrical to almost sausage-shaped, hyaline and thin-walled. They measure 12–16 × 3–3.5 µm, are inamyloid and always have an extension ( apiculus ).
distribution
The known distribution of the species covers large parts of the Holarctic with India, Europe, the USA and Japan .
ecology
Hyphoderma mutatum grows on rotten dead wood of deciduous trees in the late initial and optimal phase. The fungi are usually found on the side or underside of trunks and branches that are more or less rotten. Typical habitats are woodruff - and barley - beech forests , hornbeam - oak forests and shady forest edges.
literature
- Annarosa Bernicchia, SP Gorjón: Fungi Europaei. Volume 12: Corticiaceae sl Edizioni Candusso, Alassio 2010. ISBN 978-88-901057-9-1 .
- John Eriksson, Leif Ryvarden: The Corticiaceae of North Europe. Volume 3: Coronicium - Hyphoderma Fungiflora, Oslo 1975.
- German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.): The large mushrooms of Baden-Württemberg . Volume 1: General Part. Stand mushrooms: jelly, bark, prick and pore mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3528-0 .
