Virgil manuscripts of late antiquity

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Virgil manuscripts from late antiquity are largely preserved parchment manuscripts from the 4th to 6th centuries that have survived in medieval libraries and contain the works of the Roman poet P. Vergilius Maro or parts thereof. Only a few of them (especially F, M and P) are of outstanding importance for the textual history and textual criticism of the poet's works. The importance of the rest, evidence of late antique book culture and illumination as well as the self-image of the late antique senate aristocracy , lies more in the area of art andCultural history and reception history .

Virgil was already rated as a classic in antiquity and has been one of the most important school authors almost without interruption. He also played an important role in the cultural self-image of the tradition-conscious late antique senate aristocracy. So many Pergamentcodices as for any other Latin author are therefore of his works already from the late antiquity have been preserved, while otherwise the tradition usually not over the age of Carolingian Renovatio goes back. The representative character of these manuscripts is among other things expressed that in the manner usual for classic texts Capitalis rustica , in a case which, even the Vergilius Augusteus in especially for public inscriptions used Capitalis quadrata are written. The Vergilius Vaticanus and the Vergilius Romanus are also equipped with numerous miniatures , important evidence of late antique illumination .

In addition to the manuscripts mentioned, smaller fragments of 35 papyrus rolls , papyrus codices and parchment codices with yellowed texts as well as writing exercises with yellowed verses on wooden boards have been preserved from archaeological finds from antiquity (1st to 6th centuries) . Ostraka or wax tablets with yellowing verses, on the other hand, cannot be found either in the Trismegistos portal or in Scappaticcio's list. With at least 26 more or less completely preserved codices from the 4th to 11th centuries, Virgil is one of the non-Christian authors of antiquity with the greatest density of tradition in the period from the 1st to the 11th century.

Of these, the following eight Virgil manuscripts (not completely complete) and larger fragments of Virgil manuscripts come from late antiquity (4th to 6th centuries) (the attached sigla are those used in the editions ; the arrangement is in alphabetical order according to the usual names):

literature

  • Michael von Albrecht : History of Roman Literature. From Livius Andronicus to Boethius and their continued work. 3. Edition. Volume 1, de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2012, ISBN 978-3-11-026525-5 , pp. 583f.
  • Johannes Götte (Ed.): Virgil. Aeneid. Heimeran, Munich 1958, pp. 561-630.
  • Gian Biagio Conte (Ed.): P. Vergilius Maro. Aeneid. de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2009, ISBN 978-3-11-019607-8 , pp. VII-XII; S. XL-XLI.
  • Manfred Landfester : Vergilius [4] Maro, Publius (Virgil). In: The New Pauly. Supplements , Vol. 2: History of Ancient Texts. Lexicon of authors and works. JB Metzler, Stuttgart / Weimar 2007, ISBN 978-3-476-02030-7 , pp. 639-643, here pp. 639f.
  • Elias Avery Lowe : Codices Latini Antiquiores. A palaeographical guide to latin manuscripts prior to the ninth century, Vol. 1: The Vatican City . Clarendon Press, Oxford 1934 (Zeller, Osnabrück 1982), No. 11; No. 13; No. 19; No. 99.
  • Elias Avery Lowe: Codices Latini Antiquiores. A palaeographical guide to latin manuscripts prior to the ninth century, Vol. 3: Italy: Ancona - Novara. Clarendon Press, Oxford 1938 (Zeller, Osnabrück 1988), No. 306.
  • Elias Avery Lowe: Codices Latini Antiquiores. A palaeographical guide to latin manuscripts prior to the ninth century, Vol. 4: Italy: Perugia - Verona. Clarendon Press, Oxford 1947 (Zeller, Osnabrück 1988), No. 498.
  • Elias Avery Lowe: Codices Latini Antiquiores. A palaeographical guide to latin manuscripts prior to the ninth century, Vol. 7: Switzerland . Clarendon Press, Oxford 1956 (Zeller, Osnabrück 1982), No. 977.
  • Elias Avery Lowe: Codices Latini Antiquiores. A palaeographical guide to latin manuscripts prior to the ninth century, Vol. 8: Germany: Altenburg - Leipzig . Clarendon Press, Oxford 1959 (Zeller, Osnabrück 1982), no. ** 13.
  • Florentine Mütherich : The illustrated Virgil manuscripts of late antiquity. In: Würzburg Yearbooks for Classical Studies. NF 8, 1982, pp. 205-221 + 6 panels
  • Richard Seider : Contributions to the history and palaeography of the ancient Virgil manuscripts. In: Herwig Görgemanns , Ernst A. Schmidt (Ed.): Studies on the ancient epic (= contributions to classical philology. 72). Hain, Meisenheim am Glan 1976, pp. 129-172.
  • R. Alden Smith : Virgil. Poet of the Romans (Orig .: Virgil . John Wiley & Sons, Chichester 2011). Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 2012, ISBN 978-3-534-24899-5 , pp. 166-181.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ To differentiate papyrological from other handwritten traditions, cf. the article papyrology .
  2. ↑ See search for “Virgil” in Trismegistos ; Maria Chiara Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae. L'apporto della Papyrologia alla storia della Tradizione Virgiliana (I-VI. DC). Presses universitaires de Liège. Liège 2013, esp. The list of papyri p. 179f .; a list of 26 codices up to the 11th century ibid. p. 180.
  3. ↑ See catalog entry L 120 sup. In: Bibliotheca Accademia Ambrosiana ; Entry in Trismegistus ; Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae (see individual references 1 below), pp. 81–86.
  4. ↑ DigiVatLib. Retrieved February 17, 2019 . ; [1] ; [2] ; Entry Trismegistos with outdated provenance Tübingen .
  5. ↑ Cf. digitalisat in: Internet Culturale. Cataloghi e collezioni digitali delle biblioteche italiani. Biblioteca digital ; Entry in Trismegistos .
  6. ↑ Cf. digitalisat in: Digivatlib. ; Digitized in: Bibliotheca Laureshamensis digital ; Entry in Trismegistos .
  7. ↑ See digitized version in: Digivatlib. ; Entry in Trismegistos .
  8. ↑ Cf. digitalisat in: e-codices. Virtual Manuscript Library of Switzerland ; Entry in Trismegistos .
  9. ↑ See digitized version in: Digivatlib. ; Entry in Trismegistos .
  10. ↑ See entry in Trismegistos .

Web links

Commons : Virgil manuscripts  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Florentine Mütherich: The illustrated Virgil manuscripts of late antiquity. In: Würzburg Yearbooks for Classical Studies NF 8, 1982, pp. 205–221 + 6 panels