Four-toothed moss
| Four-toothed moss | ||||||||||
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Brown's four-tooth moss ( Tetrodontium brownianum ) |
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| Tetrodontium | ||||||||||
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The four-toothed mosses ( Tetrodontium ) are a genus of the deciduous moss from the family of the Tetraphidaceae .
Surname
The generic name Tetrodontium refers to tetra = four and odous, odontos = tooth, because of the peristome , which consists of only four teeth.
features
They are tiny cave mosses that grow from a perennial protonema . The protonema forms egg-shaped or ribbon-shaped leaflets (protonema sheets).
The seta becomes up to 8 mm long and carries the ovoid-cylindrical capsule. The peristome has only 4 peristome teeth (name).
Location claims and distribution
All species are lime-avoiding cave mosses on silicate rock ( sandstone , gneiss , granite , and also phonolite ). They settle caves, crevices and rock overhangs in valleys and gorges of the higher Hercynian low mountain ranges ( Bavarian Forest , Ore Mountains , Harz , Black Forest , Thuringian Forest ) and the Allgäu Alps . Tetrodontium brownianum in particular is also widespread in the variegated and chalk sandstone areas. The mosses depend on constant humidity and are found mainly near streams or waterfalls, where they primarily grow on the underside of boulders.
species
There are three types worldwide, all of which are found in Europe and Germany:
- Tetrodontium brownianum , Brown's four-toothed moss
- Tetrodontium ovatum , egg-shaped four-tooth moss
- Tetrodontium repandum , curly four-toothed moss
literature
- Jan-Peter Frahm , Wolfgang Frey : Moosflora (= UTB . 1250). 4th, revised and expanded edition. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8252-1250-5 .
