Villa Rauch
The Villa Rauch is a villa at Steinstrasse 1 in downtown Heilbronn . It was built in 1811/12 and was inhabited by the Rauch family of merchants and industrialists for several generations. The building, which is surrounded by a large garden, was once known as Feyerabendsche's house or house in Feyerabendschen Park after its temporary owners, the Feyerabend family . It burned out completely during the air raid on Heilbronn on December 4, 1944 and was rebuilt in a simplified form in 1949.
history
A two acre property on Steinweg (today: Steinstraße ) had been owned by the merchant Christian Rauch (1752–1808) since 1798 and around 1800 was still a few hundred meters outside of the then walled city. In the garden plot there was originally a house with a heatable room, a kitchen and two adjoining rooms. After Rauch's death, the garden property came to his brother Moriz von Rauch (1754–1819), who had the old house torn down and on February 11, 1811, asked King Friedrich I of Württemberg for permission to build a summer house there. For the execution of the building, Rauch engaged the later Württemberg senior building officer Gottlieb von Etzel , who had previously built a Neckar bridge in Heilbronn and took leave of absence from the civil service in 1811 to pursue private assignments. The summer house was completed by mid-1812, and from now on the von Rauch family lived in the building during the summer months, while they lived in the Rauch'schen Palais on Heilbronn's market square for the rest of the year .
After Moriz von Rauch's death, the property remained in the property of his widow Luise, but in 1819 it was left to the son of the same name, Moriz von Rauch (1794–1849). He married Charlotte Hauck in 1820, with whom he had eight children. The summer house became too small after the birth of the fifth child, so that the family left it to Moriz's younger brother Adolf von Rauch (1798–1882). According to their residences, Moriz's family was referred to as the city smoke and Adolf's family as the garden smoke . The garden around the building was enlarged through acquisitions and the house was converted into a permanent residence. At the same time, the city of Heilbronn grew beyond its medieval borders in the course of the 19th century, so that the property was soon surrounded by further development.
After Luise von Rauch's death in 1862, Adolf von Rauch inherited the property. After his death in 1882, his daughter Luise (1842–1916) inherited the property, who had already lived with her husband Adolf Feyerabend (1842–1891) in their parents' garden house. After the death of two Feyerabend sons, Stefan († 1894) and Georg († 1922), the property came to Georg Feyerabend's daughter Ursula, who married Georg Friedrich Mertz in 1931. Since then, the property has been owned by the Mertz family.
During the air raid on Heilbronn on December 4, 1944, the building burned down to the ground. During the battle for Heilbronn in April 1945, the ruins were further damaged. Theodor Heuss wrote on June 19, 1946: The fact that Feyerabend's house burned down was one of the most painful losses suffered by Heilbronn . In 1949 the building was rebuilt in a simplified form. The garden, which was also damaged in the war, has been reduced in size and is under nature protection . The building itself is a listed building .
description
The villa is a historic villa in the classicism style . In the middle of the five-axis facade is the portal flanked by columns with a tympanum as the top. Furthermore, the facade is enriched vertically with pilasters or pilaster strips and horizontally with a cornice . After the air raid on Heilbronn, the villa was reconstructed in 1949 according to plans by Adolf Braunwald without the second floor and with reduced decoration according to the local style.
Individual evidence
- ^ Julius Fekete , Simon Haag, Adelheid Hanke, Daniela Naumann: Stadtkreis Heilbronn . (= Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany , cultural monuments in Baden-Württemberg, Volume I.5.). Theiss, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1988-3 , pp. 57 u. 127 .
literature
- Wilhelm Steinhilber : The house in Feyerabendschen Park . In: Swabia and Franconia. Local history supplement of the Heilbronn voice . 9th year, no. 3 . Heilbronner Voice publishing house, March 30, 1963, ZDB -ID 128017-X .
Web links
Coordinates: 49 ° 8 ′ 15 ″ N , 9 ° 13 ′ 19.6 ″ E