Vinko Škrobo

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Vinko Škrobo (* 26. December 1924 in Dužice to Široki Brijeg , † 1948 riverside Ugrovača in the area of the mountain Visoka Glavica to Široki Brijeg) was one of the most famous Croatian anti-communist guerrillas (known škripar in) Herzegovina , next to Božo Mandić ( 1921–1947) and Benko Penavić (1926–1947).

Škrobo was the commander ( zapovjednik ) of a small guerrilla force that offered armed resistance to the communist regime of Yugoslavia in the region around Široki Brijeg after the end of the Second World War .

In the Bosnian War (1992–1995) a military unit of the Croatian Defense Council (HVO) was named after Škrobo ( Kažnjenička bojna - ATG "Vinko Škrobo" in Mostar ).

Life

Škrobo was born on December 26, 1924, the son of Martin and Anica Škrobo (née Čerkez) in the village of Dužice near Široki Brijeg in Herzegovina . After the establishment of the fascist Independent State of Croatia , the Croatian vassal state of the Axis powers in World War II , he joined in 1943 the Ustasha militia on.

In early May 1945 the defeated units of the Independent State of Croatia tried to reach Austria, which was occupied by Allied troops . In Bleiburg, Austria, the leadership of the Croatian units surrendered unconditionally to British troops and had to accept the surrender of the Croatian troops to the Yugoslav People's Army. Škrobo managed to set off for his home region on May 15, 1945 together with a few comrades, thereby avoiding the so-called Bleiburg massacre .

After the end of the war, the conquest of his home region by Tito partisans and the establishment of a communist Yugoslavia , Škrobo continued the armed struggle in West Herzegovina with like-minded people as a guerrilla war . These irregulars were usually former members of the Croatian Armed Forces during World War II . They were called škripari in Herzegovina because they were hiding in karst caves (regional: škripine , Sg. Škrape ), but are also known under the more general term križari ( crusaders ).

In June 1945, Škrobo and his men attacked the communist “Local People's Defense” ( Mjesni narodni odbor ) established in Crnač (to Široki Brijeg) . One Tito partisan was killed and three others injured in the shooting. Although Škrobo let the Yugoslav authorities know that no residents were involved in the attack, the Yugoslav military secret service OZNA arrested 16 residents and the priest of the village. This and five other residents were later tried in court.

In 1947, the local party cell of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia of Klobuk (to Ljubuški ) expressed concern that the Vinko Škrobo group could find support from the local population if they penetrated their territory.

In the same year, Škrobo was seriously wounded. Anica Ćavar (called Djevojka ) was killed on December 27, 1947 by the Yugoslav secret service UDBA , because she had helped the injured Škrobo escape.

Škrobo was killed in 1948 near the Ugrovača river, a tributary of the Lištica , in the area of ​​the Visoka Glavica mountain . He was ambushed by treason and died in a shootout with the Yugoslav militia and secret service. His body was put on public display by the UDBA on the bridge over the Lištica.

Trivia

In his hometown Dužice and the surrounding area, the line from the Ganga song is known: Tko no piva niz Smokinje ravne, Vinko Škrobo, Bog mu dao zdravlje (Who sings in the plain of Smokinje [district of Dužice], Vinko Škrobo, God gave him Health).

The Guslar Vlado Kutle dedicated a few lines to Škrobo in the Gusle song "Pogibja Benke Penavića i ostalih vitezova".

See also

literature

  • Hrvoje Sopta: Društveno-politička situacija na području zapadne Hercegovine u poratnom razdoblju nakon 1945. Editor: Sveučilište JJ Strossmayera u Osijeku: Filozofski fakultetski Osijek (=  Dvopredilišnišni Sveumetniijek ) diploma Osijek 2019, p. 89 ( ffos.hr [PDF] diploma thesis).
  • Ivica Lučić: Hrvatska protukomunistička gerila u Bosni i Hercegovini od 1945. do 1951 . In: Hrvatski institut za povijest (ed.): Časopis za suvremenu povijest . 42nd volume no. 3 . Zagreb 2010 ( srce.hr ).
  • Karlo Rotim: Žrtvoslov Širokog Brijega u drugom svjetskom ratu i poraću [Register of victims of Široki Brijeg in World War II and the post-war period] . Široki Brijeg 2000.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ SOPTA 2019 (see literature), p. 89: “Škrobu su ubili 1948. g. kod Ugrovače, na prostoru Visoke Glavice. "
  2. ↑ LUČIĆ 2010 (see literature), p. 651: "Najpoznatiji škripari u Hercegovini uz Mandića su bili Benedikt (Benko) Penavić, koji je bio Mandićev zamjenik, te Vinko Škrobo."
  3. ↑ Agilolf Keßelring: The historical analysis of paramilitary units as a challenge for recent military history using the example of command responsibility in the crumbling Yugoslavia . In: Military History Journal . tape 77 , issue 2. De Gruyter Oldenbourg, Munich 2018, Široki Brijeg as a hub? Šušak, Praljak and the »Convict Battalion« (Kažnjenička bojna), p. 415–457 , here 443 ff. , Doi : 10.1515 / mgzs-2018-0082 .
  4. ↑ ROTIM 2000 (see literature), p. 456: “82. Vinko Škrobo: Roses each December 26th, 1924. u obitelji od oca Martina i majke Anice rođ. Čerkez. U Ustašku vojnicu je stupio 1943. Bio je zapovjednik križara. Ubijen je na Visokoj Glavici. "
  5. ↑ ROTIM 2000 (see literature), p. 169: "May 15 [1945] - […] Neke su se hrvatske postrojbe probile. Većina se predala. Tada je Čurdo Juričić pokupio svoje oružje i zajedno s nadporučnikom Božom Mandićem, Vinkom Škrobom i drugim krenuo natrag u Hrvatsku. "
  6. ↑ ROTIM 2000 (see literature), p. 493.
  7. ↑ AH, SKSK Ljubuški, 1946. – 1951., Zapisnici, IV-a 20, Mjesna ćelija KPJ Klobuk, No. 11/47, April 6, 1947. Quoted from LUČIĆ 2010 (see literature), p. 648: “ Komunistima je problem škripara bio actualan iu travnju 1947., kada je na sastanku mjesne ćelije KPJ Klobuk utvrđeno da bi grupa Vinka Škrobe, ako se nalazi na ovome terenu, mogla imati uporište u spajosa z Borajni Pro uokajni.
  8. ↑ a b c d Ivan Dugandžić, Dr. Josip Sopta: Rasno-Dužice: Župa Rasno [Rasno-Dužice: Rasno Parish] . Matica hrvatska, Rasno-Dužice 1999, p. 148 .
  9. ↑ Ivica Lučić: Hrvatska protukomunistička gerila u Bosni i Hercegovini od 1945. do 1951 . In: Hrvatski institut za povijest (ed.): Časopis za suvremenu povijest . 42nd volume no. 3 . Zagreb 2010, p. 660 ( srce.hr ): "Ubijena je i Anica Ćavar jer je pomogla ranjenom škriparu Vinku Škrobi."
  10. ↑ Janko Bubalo: Apokaliptični dani: u sjeni zablude [Apocalyptic days: under the sign of misunderstandings] . Nakladni zavod Matice Hrvatske, Zagreb 1992, ISBN 978-86-401-0235-3 , p. 193 .
  11. ↑ Blago Brkić: Od Hercegovine do Konga (=  Biblioteka Franjevački život i misao . Volume 7 ). Ziral, 2003, ISBN 978-9958-37-035-9 , pp. 37 : “Jednoga dana čula se velika pucnjava i vika milicionera. Rekli su daje ubijen Vinko Škrobo, najglasovitiji škripar, pa slave. Svatko je znao da će biti ubijen, a opet mi nešto vrlo Neugodno. Njihova slava naša je sramota. "
  12. ↑ Hrvatski Guslar Vlado Kutle - Pogibja Benke Penavića i ostalih vitezova (2nd dio) on YouTube , May 24, 2013, accessed on June 19, 2020 (“Ej još se sjetih jednoga mladića, šerkezlije iz ravnih Dužica. Po imenu to je Škrobobo Vinko, stat 'mu na put nije smio nitko. To je bio vitez od ustaša, još ga žali okolina naša.Rastom painting, srca velikoga, taj se nije plašio nikoga. U Šarića Dubravam' je pao, dobro znate tko ga je izda Izdajnik je sa Širokog Briga, i dabogda svakog dana riga. Dvadest treći četvrtog mjeseca, u proljeće Jurevdana sveca. Tu se Škrobo s OZNA-om popucao, teško ranjen na zemlju 'pad uneuke, Sam je sebi du prekratio ne mjeseca ruke. Na Lištičku nose ga ćupriju, još se ne zna gdje mu kosti gnjiju. To je bio od ustaša vila, laka njemu naša gruda bila. ").
personal data
SURNAME Škrobo, Vinko
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Croatian militant and guerrilla leader
DATE OF BIRTH December 26, 1924
PLACE OF BIRTH Dužice , Široki Brijeg , Herzegovina
DATE OF DEATH 1948
Place of death Visoka Glavica , Široki Brijeg , Herzegovina