Široki Brijeg
Široki Brijeg Широки Бријег |
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Basic data | ||
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State : | Bosnia and Herzegovina | |
Entity : | Federation of BiH | |
Canton : | West Herzegovina | |
Coordinates : | 43 ° 23 ' N , 17 ° 36' E | |
Height : | 280 m. i. J. | |
Area : | 388 km² | |
Residents : | 29,809 (2013) | |
Population density : | 77 inhabitants per km² | |
Telephone code : | +387 (0) 39 | |
Postal code : | 88220 | |
Structure and administration (as of 2016) | ||
Structure : | 24 local communities | |
Mayor : | Miro Kraljević ( HDZ BiH ) | |
Postal address : | Fra Didaka Buntića 11 88220 Široki Brijeg |
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Website : | ||
Others | ||
City Festival : | August 15th ( Assumption of Mary ) | |
Cyrillic Широки Бријег ; from 1952 to 1991 Lištica ) is a city in Bosnia and Herzegovina with almost 30,000 inhabitants. It is the capital of the Federation's West Herzegovina canton and is populated almost exclusively by Croats .
Široki Brijeg (Široki Brijeg or in the regional Ikavian dialect Široki Brig , means "wide hill" and means a local hill with the Franciscan monastery and the Church of the Assumption of Mary. Every year these sacred buildings are visited by Catholic pilgrims from all over the world (especially Italy ).
The professional sports clubs NK Široki Brijeg ( football ) and HKK Široki Brijeg ( basketball ) are among the most successful in the country and also play in international leagues .
geography
The neighboring communities of Široki Brijeg are Mostar in the northeast and east, Čitluk and Ljubuški in the south, Grude in the west and Posušje in the northwest.
Community structure
The main town of the same name and administrative seat of the city has around 7,000 inhabitants. The urban area also includes the 24 local communities Biograci, Buhovo, Ciglana, Crnač, Crne Lokve, Čerigaj, Desna Obala, Dobrkovići, Dužice , Izbično , Jare, Knešpolje, Kočerin, Lijeva Obala, Ljubotići, Ljuti Dolac, Provival, Oklaji, and Provival -Dobrič-Grabova Draga, Rasno, Trn, Turčinovići and Uzarići .
history
Antiquity and antiquity
A large number of finds from the Illyrian period show that the area around Široki Brijeg must have been very densely populated as early as prehistoric times. Even in antiquity , when the area belonged to the Roman Empire , one can assume that there was continuity of settlement. From late antiquity, the remains of a refuge in Biograci and the remains of a basilica in Duboko Mokro were uncovered. The basilica in Duboko Mokro was probably destroyed and rebuilt several times, and it was probably used as a prayer house until the Middle Ages .
Middle Ages and Modern Times
One can assume a settlement by the Slavic peoples who immigrated in the 7th century , since Cyrillic inscriptions have been found in some villages. In addition, near the source of the Lištica River, the remains of a smaller medieval town or fortress have been preserved.
With the invasion of the Ottomans in the second half of the 15th century, most of the medieval settlements dissolved again. It is known from Ottoman records that the local population has largely withdrawn to the mountain villages. It can be assumed that the conquerors, especially in the first century of their rule, showed harshness towards the native Christian population. By 1563 all the churches west of the Neretva River had been torn down and the majority of the priests were expelled. Only the Franciscans were able to stay and made a decisive contribution to the Catholic character of the region in the course of the following centuries .
19th and 20th centuries
The history of the modern Široki Brijeg is closely linked to the convent of the Franciscan Observants founded in 1846 and built until 1860 . It was the first monastery to be founded in Herzegovina under Ottoman rule . The modern city developed around the turn of the century along the brook cemer, after the settlement was first named. After the establishment of a road connection to Mostar around 1900, the young town also began to prosper economically; the first shops and inns were opened. From 1905 the Church of the Assumption of Mary was built next to the Franciscan monastery. With the creation of an administration , the city got its current name. In old maps, the city is also listed under the name of the current district of Lise , which today belongs to the local community Lijeva Obala. Up until the end of the Second World War , both the monastery and the town continued to develop.
From February 6, 1945, the 26th Division of the VIII Corps of the People's Liberation Army of Yugoslavia fought violently with the 370th Regiment of the 369th Legionnaires Division of the German Wehrmacht and Croatian forces around the city. On February 7, 1945 partisans of the II. Dalmatian Proletarian Brigade captured the city and marched into Široki Brijeg. After the capture, about 21 Franciscan Friars were killed between February 7th and 15th in the Široki Brijeg massacre . Schools and monasteries were badly devastated and the inventory stolen or publicly burned.
The city was renamed Lištica in 1953 so that the name Široki Brijeg could no longer remember the temporary defeat and high losses of the partisans in the fighting for the city and region at the end of the Second World War. The monastery kept the old name. It was not until the 1970s that the monastery was able to resume active operations.
During the Bosnian war , Široki Brijeg was exposed to several bomb and missile attacks by Serbian troops. The city itself suffered some damage, while the Franciscan monastery survived this war without damage. On July 24, 2014 Široki Brijeg received by the Parliament of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina , the town charter .
population
At the 1991 census, Široki Brijeg had 27,160 inhabitants, including 26,864 (98.91%) Croatians and 296 (1.09%) others. At the 2013 census in Bosnia and Herzegovina , the city had 29,809 inhabitants.
Culture
Museums
On July 25, 1990, a Franciscan gallery was opened, which today has over 1500 paintings and sculptures, including works that date back to the 17th century.
Attractions
One of the sights is the Kočerin Tablet ( Kočerinska ploča ), a tombstone from 1404. Today the tombstone is built into the wall of the Kočerin Municipal House. On it is written in the Bosančica script that “[...] Viganj Milošević rests here, who devotedly served his lord Duke Stjepan, King Tvrtko , [...]. [...] I was the way you are now, and you will be the way I am now. "
Sports
The NK Široki Brijeg is one of the most successful national football teams , playing in the UEFA Europa League . The HKK Siroki Brijeg is the most successful basketball club Bosnia-Herzegovina and plays in the Adriatic Basketball Association (ABA).
Personalities
- Anđeo Kraljević (1807–1879), bishop of the Mostar-Duvno diocese and grammarian
- Didak Buntić (1871–1922), Franciscan who taught the local population and saved children during World War I.
- Mladen Galić (* 1934), painter, object artist and graphic designer, lives in Zagreb
- Stanko Čolak (* 1942), former high-ranking executive member of the Yugoslav secret service UDBA in Belgrade
- Gojko Šušak (1945–1998), Croatian Defense Minister (1992–1998)
- Mladen Naletilić (* 1946), former commander of the convict battalion and convicted war criminal
- Ivo Šušak (* 1948), Croatian football coach
- Bariša Čolak (* 1956), from 2007 to 2014 Minister of Justice of Bosnia and Herzegovina ( HDZ BiH )
- Stanko "Baja" Sopta (* 1966), General of the Croatian Defense Council (HVO) and the Croatian Armed Forces in retirement and politician (HDZ BiH)
- Ivan Mikulić (* 1968), singer, lives in Široki Brijeg
- Stanko Bubalo (* 1973), former Croatian national soccer player
- Mario Bazina (* 1975), former Croatian national soccer player
literature
- Karlo Rotim: Siroki Brijeg . Self-published, Široki Brijeg 1994.
Web links
- City's website. Retrieved November 20, 2013 (Croatian).
- Infopage Siroki.com. Retrieved November 20, 2013 (Croatian).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Marko Plesník: Bosnia and Herzegovina (= Trescher series Travel ). Trescher Verlag, 2012, ISBN 978-3-89794-224-0 , pp. 253 f .
- ↑ City Široki Brijeg: Mjesne zajednice Opčine Široki Brijeg. Archived from the original on February 15, 2014 ; accessed on November 6, 2012 (Croatian).
- ↑ These maps were based on the Franzisco-Josephinische Landesaufnahme , a cartographic work of Austria-Hungary .
- ↑ Ivan Dugandžić: O nastanku grada Širokoga Brijega . In: Sto godina nove crkve na Širokom Brijegu . Građevinski facultet Sveučilišta, Mostar 2006, ISBN 9958-9170-4-1 , p. 201 .