Fojnica

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Fojnica
Фојница

Fojnica coat of arms

Fojnica (Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Bosnia and Herzegovina
Entity : Federation of BiH
Canton : Central Bosnia
Coordinates : 43 ° 58 ′  N , 17 ° 54 ′  E Coordinates: 43 ° 58 ′ 0 ″  N , 17 ° 54 ′ 0 ″  E
Height : 587  m. i. J.
Area : 306  km²
Residents : 13,047 (2013)
Population density : 43 inhabitants per km²
Telephone code : +387 (0) 30
Postal code : 71270
Structure and administration (as of 2016)
Mayor : Sabahudin Klisura (SDA / SBB)
Postal address : Bosanska 99
Fojnica
Website :
Others
Patron saint : Holy Spirit
Sokolac Rogatica Rudo Višegrad Pale Foča Gacko Kalinovik Nevesinje Bileća Trebinje Ravno Ljubinje Konjic Istočni Mostar Berkovići Neum Mostar Stolac Čapljina Čajniče Goražde Pale-Prača Ustiprača Foča-Ustikolina Srebrenica Bratunac Milići Han Pijesak Zvornik Bijeljina Brčko Ugljevik Lopare Vlasenica Šekovići Osmaci Olovo Ilijaš Hadžići Ilidža Trnovo Istočni Stari Grad Istočna Ilidža Vogošća Sarajevo-Stari Grad Sarajevo-Centar Sarajevo-Novi Grad Istočno Novo Sarajevo Novo Sarajevo Visoko Glamoč Livno Bosansko Grahovo Kupres Kupres (RS) Šipovo Jajce Donji Vakuf Bugojno Gornji Vakuf Prozor-Rama Jablanica Tomislavgrad Posušje Grude Široki Brijeg Ljubuški Čitluk Fojnica Kreševo Kiseljak Busovača Novi Travnik Travnik Zenica Vitez Kakanj Vareš Breza Kladanj Živinice Kalesija Sapna Teočak Tuzla Lukavac Čelić Srebrenik Banovići Zavidovići Žepče Maglaj Tešanj Usora Dobretići Gradačac Gračanica Doboj Istok Velika Kladuša Cazin Bužim Bosanska Krupa Bihać Bosanski Petrovac Drvar Sanski Most Ključ Petrovac (RS) Istočni Drvar Ribnik Mrkonjić Grad Jezero Kneževo Kotor Varoš Teslić Banja Luka Oštra Luka Krupa na Uni Prijedor Novi Grad Kostajnica Kozarska Dubica Gradiška Srbac Laktaši Čelinac Prnjavor Derventa Doboj Stanari Modriča Brod Pelagićevo Donji Žabar Orašje Domaljevac-Šamac Šamac Odžak VukosavljeLocation of the municipality of Fojnica in Bosnia and Herzegovina (clickable map)
About this picture

Fojnica is a small town and association of the same name in Bosnia and Herzegovina . It is located on the Fojnička rijeka , a tributary of the Bosna in the Central Bosnia Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina .

geography

The municipality of Fojnica is located in a medium to high mountain region with altitudes over 2,100 meters, about 43 kilometers northwest of Sarajevo. Settlements are mainly to be found in the area of ​​the Fojnička and Željeznica rivers , in whose valleys the two main roads of the municipality run.

Fojnica is surrounded by the union municipalities Vitez and Busovača in the north, Kiseljak in the east, Kreševo in the southeast, Konjic in the southwest, Gornji Vakuf in the west and Novi Travnik in the northwest.

history

Before and in the Kingdom of Bosnia

Fojnica as a city is first mentioned as a mine ( rudnik ) in 1365 , when German and Dubrovnik miners came here to develop this area rich in iron ore.

As a result, a settlement with the name Hvojnica arose in its vicinity , which developed into a center of mining and trade in the medieval Bosnian state from the beginning of the 15th century ; with a commercial processing of iron, silver and gold. A mint probably also operated here.

From the 1430s there was a significant settlement of Dubrovnik traders.

Ottoman time

In 1469 Fojnica / Hvojnica was the largest village in Bosnia. It was described as the center of the Nahija of the same name (a Nahija was a smaller Ottoman administrative unit) with trade, a mine for iron and the Franciscan monastery.

The Ahdnama of Fojnica was of great importance to the long -established  Christian  people after the Ottoman occupation.

Bosnian War

After the start of the Bosnian War in 1992, Fojnica initially remained peaceful. On July 2, 1993, the Armija Republike Bosne i Hercegovine (ARBiH) attacked the predominantly Croatian part of the municipality as part of the Croatian-Bosniak War and drove the population away.

Franciscan monastery Fojnica

Franciscan monastery in Fojnica

The first monastery and the first church were built in the 14th century in the northern part of Fojnica on the locality Pazarišće  (Pazarnica) and at that time St. Dedicated to Mary . There is no reliable information about the demolition during the Ottoman conquest of Bosnia in 1463. The same happened in 1521 and 1524 at the time of great persecution when the monastery and church were demolished. However, the Franciscans soon built a new monastery and a new church. According to a message, a building permit was requested in 1527. Between 1594 and 1598 a new one was built on the site of this church, which had almost the same dimensions as the previous one (approx. 31xl0 m). The Ottoman authorities decreed that the new church could not be larger than the previous one.

The monastery was renovated in 1598. It was destroyed along with the church in a great fire in 1664. All valuables were burned, especially the library and the archive. The Franciscans lived temporarily in Lučin near Jajce . After paying a heavy tribute and making further donations to Ottoman officials, they managed to get a building permit. As a result, the monastery was rebuilt from 1666 to 1668, the church in 1669. In 1798 both buildings were renewed, again after years of submitting applications to the authorities. In 1801 an organ was purchased for the church, the first ever in Bosnia. However, it is no longer preserved. In 1863 the Franciscans built a new monastery. The construction was initially carried out by the local master Matija Lovrinović , followed by Špiro Marić  from the Croatian island of Vir . In 1913 the monastery was renewed again.

The monastery has a rich archive and a library in which a large number of handwritten material is kept in the Bosančica (1532–1783), and around 3000 Ottoman documents (1473–1852), 13 incunabula (= early prints), more than 17,000 old and rare books. The Ahdnama  of Sultan Mehmed II from 1464, a Ferman  from Skender-paša from 1485, the Fojnica coat of arms ( Fojnički grbovnik ) (1660–80) are also kept.

population

Most of the municipality is mountainous and therefore very sparsely populated. Larger places are only in the two main valleys.

The population composition of the 1991 census was as follows:

The official estimate for 2003 shows the following distribution:

tourism

Fojnica is known for its thermal springs , which have been helping people cure various diseases for centuries. The modern medical rehabilitation center is located in Fojnica.

Above the city is the old Franciscan monastery, where the museum with a treasury, library, archive, art gallery and mining-geological collection is located. The monastery houses the interesting collection about the life and work of the monks and the history of the Franciscan order in the Balkans.

Personalities

Web links

Commons : Fojnica  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Fojnica | Hrvatska enciklopedija. Retrieved November 3, 2017 .
  2. ↑ nahija | Hrvatska enciklopedija. Retrieved November 5, 2017 .
  3. ↑ a b Bosna Srebrena: Fojnica - samostan i župa Svetoga Duha. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on November 3, 2017 ; accessed on November 3, 2017 (hr-hr). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bosnasrebrena.ba
  4. ↑ Incunabula - Wiktionary. Retrieved November 5, 2017 .