Vitex rotundifolia

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Vitex rotundifolia
Vitex rotundifolia

Vitex rotundifolia

Systematics
Euasterids I
Order : Mint family (Lamiales)
Family : Mint family (Lamiaceae)
Subfamily : Viticoideae
Genre : Vitex
Type : Vitex rotundifolia
Scientific name
Vitex rotundifolia
Lf

Vitex rotundifolia is a species of the genus Vitex within the mint family (Lamiaceae). It iswidespreadin the temperate and tropical areas of the Pacific, mostly near the coast.

description

Foliage leaves and inflorescence with zygomorphic flowers

Appearance and foliage leaf

Vitex rotundifolia grows as a well-branched, deciduous shrub and usually reaches heights of 0.5 to 1 meter. The low lying branches form creeping up to the node ( Nodien ) roots. The bark is initially hairy and woolly.

The opposite leaves on the branches are sessile to short stalked and consist of one or rarely three leaf parts. With a length of 2.5 to 5 cm and a width of 1.5 to 3 cm, the leaf blade is obovate-spatulate, ovoid-elliptical, broadly elongated-elliptical or circular with a tapering to rounded blade base and abruptly pointed to rounded upper end. The leaf margin is smooth. The underside of the leaf is velvety and woolly and the upper side is pale, dull green and hairy.

Inflorescence, flower and fruit

In China, the flowering period extends from July to September. The terminal thyrsen-shaped inflorescences have a length of 3 to 10 cm and a diameter of 1 to 2.5 cm.

The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five sepals are fused cup-shaped. The 4 to 5 mm long calyx is two-lipped with five calyx teeth; it is tiny, velvety hairy on the outside and glandular and bald on the inside. The five purple-mauve to lilac-blue petals are fused together like a saucer. The two-lipped corolla is also tiny, velvety hairy and glandular on the outside. The corolla tube and the lower half of the large central corolla lobe of the lower lip are hairy on the inside. The globular ovary is bald and densely glandular. The four stamens and the stylus tower above the corolla.

The spherical stone fruit is dark brown when dry. The base of the stone fruit is surrounded by the enlarged calyx. In China, the fruits ripen from September to November.

Chromosome number

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 34.

Occurrence

Vitex rotundifolia is widespread in large parts of the temperate and tropical Pacific region. The range of the species extends from India east to Hawaii and from Korea to the south to Australia . The following sites are known: Mauritius , Réunion , Taiwan , the Chinese provinces of Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Hebei, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Shandong, Zhejiang; the Japanese provinces of Honshū , Kyushu , Ryūkyū Islands , Shikoku ; southern India including the Andaman and Nicobar Islands , Sri Lanka , Cambodia , Myanmar , Thailand , Vietnam , Indonesia , Malaysia , Papua New Guinea , the Philippines , in Australia the northern Northern Territory , northern Queensland and northern Western Australia . In Hawaii the plant is best known under the names Pōhinahina and Kolokolo kahakai .

Vitex rotundifolia thrives on sandy and rocky coasts at altitudes between 0 and 15 meters.

Taxonomy

The first publication of Vitex rotundifolia was made in 1781 by Carl Linnaeus the Younger in Supplementum Plantarum , p 294. synonyms for Vitex rotundifolia L. F. are: Vitex ovata Thunb. , Vitex ovata var. Subtrisecta Kuntze , Vitex trifolia var. Ovata (Thunb.) Makino , Vitex trifolia var. Simplicifolia Cham. , Vitex trifolia var. Unifoliolata Schauer and Vitex trifolia subsp. litoralis steenis .

use

The medicinal effects of Vitex rotundifolia have been studied.

  • Location

  • bark

  • leaves

  • fruit

swell

  • Shou-liang Chen & Michael G. Gilbert: Verbenaceae in: Vitex , p. 30 - text online as printed text , In: Wu Zheng-yi & Peter H. Raven (eds.): Flora of China , Volume 17, Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis 1994, ISBN 0-915279-24-X (Description section)
  • Shyama Pagad .: Vitex rotundifolia. Global Invasive Species Database (GISD), accessed January 30, 2012 . (Section description)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Shyama Pagad .: Vitex rotundifolia. Global Invasive Species Database (GISD), accessed January 30, 2012 .
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Shou-liang Chen & Michael G. Gilbert: Verbenaceae in the: Vitex , p. 30 - text online as printed text , In: Wu Zheng-yi & Peter H. Raven (eds.): Flora of China , Volume 17, Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis, 1994. ISBN 0-915279-24-X
  3. ↑ Vitex rotundifolia at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  4. ^ Vitex rotundifolia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved January 30, 2012.
  5. ↑ pōhinahina in Hawaiian Dictionaries
  6. ↑ First publication scanned at biodiversitylibrary.org .
  7. ↑ Entry in Tropicos . last accessed January 30, 2012
  8. ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Vitex. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved September 7, 2019.

Web link

Commons : Vitex rotundifolia  - collection of images, videos and audio files