Vitex genus of plants in the mint family (Lamiaceae). The approximately 250 species distributed in tropical, subtropical and moderately warm climates worldwide. A well-known species of the genus is the chaste tree ( Vitex agnus-castus ).
description Vegetative characteristics Vitex species grow as shrubs or trees with heights of 1 to 35 meters, rarely also climbing plants. The bark of the twigs is smooth or sparsely hairy.
The opposite arranged leaves are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The leaf blades are usually finger-shaped with three or five (rarely one or seven) finger leaflets . The stalked finger leaflets have smooth, serrated, sawn or incised edges. There are no stipules .
Generative characteristics The terminal or lateral, zymous , thyrsoid or paniculate inflorescences usually have small, often early falling bracts .
The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic , often relatively small, usually with double perianth (perianth). Most of the five sepals are fused , bell-shaped, funnel-shaped or tubular. The usually five white, blue, purple or yellowish petals form a two-lipped crown. The lower lip is three-lobed, with the middle lobe being greatly elongated. The upper lip is bilobed. There are four stamens , they can sometimes protrude above the crown. The ovary contains only one or two in each of its two chambers to ovules . The thin stylus ends in a two-column scar.
The small and spherical to egg-shaped or obovate drupes is enveloped by the enlarged cup, and typically includes in its four chambers per a hard core with a seed. but sometimes only part of it is formed and cavities are found for it. The endocarp is hard and the mesocarp is usually fleshy. The obovate to oblong seeds often fleshy cotyledons contain ( cotyledons ), but no endosperm .
Systematics and distribution The generic name Vitex was established in 1753 by Carl von Linné in Species Plantarum lectotype Vitex agnus-castus L. was established. Synonyms for Vitex L. are: Macrostegia Nees , Neorapinia Moldenke , Paravitex H.R. Fletcher , Tsoongia Merr. , Viticipremna H.J. Lam .
The genus Vitex was formerly part of the verbena family (Verbenaceae). The reclassification into the mint family (Lamiaceae) is more recent; in this family it is in the subfamily of the Viticoideae.
The genus Vitex is distributed worldwide in tropical, subtropical and moderately warm climates. About 40 species occur in Madagascar, 38 of them only there. There are around 15 species in China.
There are about 250 species in the genus Vitex :
Leaves and inflorescence of
Vitex trifolia subsp.
litoralis
Vitex trifolia subsp.
litoralis
Vitex trifolia subsp.
litoralis
Vitex acuminata R.Br. : It is common in northern Australia .
Vitex acunae Borhidi & O.Muñiz : This endemic occurs in Cuba only on the Guanacahabibes peninsula in the province of Pinar del Río .
Vitex agelaeifolia Mildbr. ex beep. : It is common in tropical west-central Africa.
Monk's pepper ( Vitex agnus-castus L. , Syn .: Vitex latifolia Mill. , Vitex verticillata Lam. , Vitex integra Medik. , Vitex lupinifolia Salisb. , Vitex agnus Stokes , Vitex agnus-castus var. Latifolia (Mill.) Loudon , Vitex robusta Lebas , Vitex agnus-castus var. laciniosa Ces. , Vitex agnus-castus var. caerulea Rehder , Vitex agnus-castus subsp. haussknechtii Bornm. , Vitex agnus-castus var. pseudonegundo Hausskn. , Vitex haussknechtii (Bornm.) D. Prain , Vitex pseudonegundo (Hausskn.) Hand.-Mazz. , Vitex agnus-castus var. serrata Moldenke , Vitex hybrida Moldenke )
Vitex ajugiflora Dop : It occurs in Vietnam .
Vitex altissima L. f. : It is common in tropical Asia.
Vitex amaniensis W. Piep. : It occurs in Tanzania and Zimbabwe .
Vitex angolensis Gürke : It occurs from Angola to northern Namibia .
Vitex aurea Moldenke : It occurs in Madagascar only in the northern province of Antsiranana .
Vitex axillariflora (Merr.) Bramley (Syn .: Tsoongia axillariflora Merr. ): It was the only species of the monotypic genus Tsoongia Merr. and was placed in the genus Vitex in2009. It is common in southern China ( Guangdong , Guangxi , Hainan , southeastern Yunnan ), Myanmar and Vietnam.
Vitex befotakensis Moldenke : It is common in Madagascar in the provinces of Fianarantsoa , Toamasina , Toliara .
Vitex benuensis Engl. Ex W. Piep . : It occurs in Cameroon .
Vitex beraviensis Vatke : The two varieties and two forms are common in Madagascar.
Vitex betsiliensis Humbert : The two subspecies occur in Madagascar only in the central province of Antananarivo :
Vitex betsiliensis subsp. barorum Humbert
Vitex betsiliensis subsp. betsiliensis
Vitex bogalensis Wernham : It is only found in Cameroon.
Vitex bojeri Schauer (Syn .: Vitex ferruginea Schumach. & Thonn. ): The two varieties occur in Madagascar.
Vitex bracteata Scott-Elliot : It occurs in Madagascar only in the southern province of Toliara .
Vitex brevilabiata Ducke : It is common in northern Brazil .
Vitex brevipetiolata Moldenke : It is widespread in northeastern Brazil.
Vitex buchananii Baker ex Gürke : The distribution area extends from Tanzania to southern tropical Africa.
Vitex buchneri Gürke : It occurs in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Angola .
Vitex burmensis Moldenke : It is common in Myanmar (hence the specific epithet ) in Tibet and in the Chinese provinces of Guangxi and Guizhou , Yunnan.
Vitex caespitosa Exell : It occurs in Angola .
Vitex calothyrsa Sandwith : It is distributed from Colombia and Venezuela to northern Brazil.
Vitex canescens In short : The distribution area ranges from India , Laos , Cambodia , Myanmar, China, Vietnam and Thailand to Malaysia . Their wood is used and the medicinal effects have been studied.
Vitex capitata Vahl : It is widespread in tropical South America and occurs on the islands of Trinidad and Tobago .
Vitex carbunculorum W.W.Sm. & Ramaswamy : The home is Myanmar and Thailand.
Vitex cauliflora Moldenke : It occurs in three varieties in Madagascar in the provinces of Antsiranana and Toamasina :
Vitex cauliflora var. Cauliflora
Vitex cauliflora var. Longifolia Moldenke
Vitex cauliflora var. Villosissima Moldenke
Vitex cestroides Baker : It is said to occur in Madagascar.
Vitex chapelieri (Baill.) Capuron ex Callm. : It occurs in a few localities in Madagascar in the provinces of Antsiranana and Toamasina.
Vitex chrysleriana Moldenke : It occurs in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais .
Vitex chrysocarpa Planch. : The distribution area extends from tropical West Africa to Zambia .
Vitex chrysomallum Steud. (Syn .: Vitex aurata Hils. & Bojer , Vitex coriacea Schlechter ex Pieper , Vitex melleri Baker ): It occurs in three varieties on the coast of Madagascar.
Vitex ciliata Pierre ex Pellegr. : It is common in western and central tropical Africa.
Vitex clementis Britton & P.Wilson : It only occurs in eastern Cuba .
Vitex cochinchinensis Dop : The home is Laos, Vietnam and northeastern Thailand.
Vitex cofassus Reinw. ex flower : The distribution area extends from Malesia to "Papuasia" and on islands of the northwestern Pacific. The pidgin word garamut also slit drums made from wood.
Vitex collina (Montrouz.) Beauvis. : It occurs in southern Vanuatu and New Caledonia .
Vitex columbiensis Pittier : It occurs in Colombia.
Vitex compressa Turcz. : It is widespread in tropical South America and occurs on the southern Caribbean islands.
Vitex congolensis De Wild. & T.Durand : The distribution area extends from western and central tropical Africa to Angola.
Vitex cooperi stand. : The distribution area extends from Central America to Colombia.
Vitex coursii Moldenke (Syn .: Vitex pulchra Moldenke ): It occurs in Madagascar only in the Toamasina province.
Vitex cuspidata Here : The distribution area extends from western and central tropical Africa to Angola.
Vitex cymosa Bertero ex Spreng. : It occurs in the Neotropic .
Vitex degeneriana Moldenke : It is widespread in northeastern Brazil.
Vitex dinklagei Gürke : It occurs in Cameroon.
Vitex divaricata Sw. : The distribution area extends from Colombia to Venezuela and includes islands of the Caribbean.
Vitex diversifolia Briefly ex CBClarke : The home is the central and southern Andamans .
Vitex djumaensis De Wild. : It occurs in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Vitex doniana Sweet (Syn .: Vitex chariensis A.Chev. ): The distribution area includes tropical Africa and the islands in the western Indian Ocean.
Vitex duboisii Moldenke : The home is the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Vitex duckei Huber : The home is northern Brazil.
Vitex duclouxii Dop : It thrives in thickets along rivers at altitudes between 1000 and 2300 meters in Tibet ( Mêdog only) and in the Chinese provinces of Sichuan and Yunnan.
Vitex eberhardtii Dop : It occurs in Laos and Vietnam.
Vitex elakelakensis Moldenke : It occurs in Madagascar in the provinces of Fianarantsoa and Toliara.
Vitex excelsa Moldenke : It occurs in two varieties from northern Brazil and northern Bolivia to Peru:
Vitex excelsa var. Excelsa : It occurs from northern Brazil to northern Bolivia.
Vitex excelsa var. Petiolata Moldenke : It occurs only in Peru.
Vitex farafanganensis Moldenke : It is known in Madagascar from a few localities in the province of Fianarantsoa.
Vitex fischeri Gürke : The distribution area extends from Sudan to Angola.
Vitex flava Ridl. : It only occurs in Sarawak on Borneo .
Vitex flavens Kunth : It is widespread in tropical South America.
Vitex floridula Duchass. & Walp. : It is common in Panama and Colombia.
Vitex froesii Moldenke : It occurs in the Brazilian state of Maranhão .
Vitex gabunensis Gürke : The homeland is Gabon .
Vitex gamosepala handle. : It is common in Thailand, Malaysia, Borneo and northern Sumatra .
Vitex gardneriana Schauer : It is common in northeastern Brazil.
Vitex gaumeri Greenm. (Syn .: Vitex longiracemosa Pittier ): It is distributed from southern Mexico to Central America.
Vitex gigantea Kunth : It iswidespreadfrom Ecuador to Peru .
Vitex giorgii De Wild. : The home is the southern Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Vitex glabrata R.Br. : The distribution area extends from tropical Asia to northern Australia and the Marianas .
Vitex golungensis Baker : It occurs in Angola.
Vitex grandidiana W. Piep. : It occurs in Madagascar only in the southeastern province of Toliara.
Vitex grandifolia Gürke : The distribution area extends from West Africa to tropical Central Africa .
Vitex grisea Baker : The home is Angola.
Vitex guanahacabibensis Borhidi : It occurs only in Cuba.
Vitex guianensis Moldenke : It occurs in Guiana and French Guiana .
Vitex harveyana H.Pearson : The range extends from Mozambique to southern Africa .
Vitex hemsleyi Briq. : The distribution area extends from southern Mexico to Central America.
Vitex heptaphylla A. Juss. : It occurs only on the Caribbean islands of Cuba to Hispaniola .
Vitex hirsutissima Baker : It occurs in Madagascar in the eastern provinces of Antsiranana and Toamasina.
Vitex hispidissima (Seem.) Callm. & Phillipson (Syn .: Vitex congesta Oliv. ): It occurs in Madagascar in the provinces of Antsiranana and Toamasina.
Vitex holoadenon Dop : It occurs in Cambodia .
Vitex holocalyx Baker : The home is Angola.
Vitex humbertii Moldenke : It occurs in Madagascar in the northern provinces of Antsiranana, Mahajanga and Toamasina.
Vitex hypoleuca Schauer : It occurs in the Brazilian state of Bahia .
Vitex ibarensis Baker : It is said to occur in western Madagascar.
Vitex impressinervia Mildbr. ex beep. : The home is Cameroon.
Vitex integrifolia Urb. : She is endemic to the Dominican Republic.
Vitex iraquensis Moldenke : It occurs in Iraq .
Vitex kapirensis De Wild. : It occurs in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Vitex keniensis Turrill : It is distributed from tropical East Africa to southern Mozambique .
Vitex klugii Moldenke : It is widespread in tropical South America.
Vitex krukovii Moldenke : It occurs in the Brazilian state of Amazonas .
Vitex kwangsiensis C.Pei : It is endemic only to Longzhou and Ningming counties within the Chinese Autonomous Region of Guangxi and grows at altitudes of 300 to 600 meters.
Vitex lanigera Schauer : It occurs in Madagascar in the provinces of Antananarivo, Fianarantsoa and Toliara.
Vitex lastellei Moldenke : It is only known from a few sites in the province of Fianarantsoa in Madagascar.
Vitex leandrii Moldenke : It occurs in Madagascar only in the western- central province of Mahajanga .
Vitex lebrunii Moldenke : It occurs in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Vitex lehmbachii Gürke : The home is Cameroon.
Vitex leucoxylon L. f. : It iswidespreadfrom Pakistan to Malaysia.
Vitex lignum-vitae A. Cunn. ex Schauer : It occurs in the Australian states of Queensland and northeastern New South Wales.
Vitex limonifolia Wall. ex CBClarke : It comes from Assam to Indochina .
Vitex lindenii Hook. f. : The home is Colombia.
Vitex lobata Moldenke : It is said to occur in Madagascar.
Vitex lokundjensis W. Piep . : It occurs in Cameroon and in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Vitex longipetiolata gherkin : It is distributed from tropical West Africa to Angola.
Vitex longisepala King & Gamble : It is common in Thailand and Malaysia.
Vitex lowryi Callm., Phillipson & GESchatz : It was first described in 2014 from the Antsiranana province in Madagascar. Only a few localities are known of this endangered species.
Vitex lucens Kirk (Syn .: Vitex littoralis A.Cunn. ): The home is the North Island of New Zealand and it is called Puriri there.
Vitex lundensis Gürke : The home is the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Vitex lutea Exell : The home is the Angolan province of Cabinda .
Vitex macrofoliola Moldenke : The home is Papua New Guinea .
Vitex madagascariensis Moldenke : It occurs in Madagascar in the provinces of Fianarantsoa and Toamasina.
Vitex madiensis olive. : The two subspecies are common in tropical Africa:
Vitex madiensis subsp. madiensis : It occurs in tropical Africa.
Vitex madiensis subsp. milanjiensis (Britten) F.White : It occurs from Burundi to southern tropical Africa.
Vitex maranhana Moldenke : It occurs in the Brazilian state of Maranhão .
Vitex marquesii W. Piep. : It occurs in Angola.
Vitex martii Moldenke : It occurs in the Brazilian states of Bahia and Minas Gerais .
Vitex masoalensis G.E. Schatz : It is only known from a few localities in the Toamasina province in Madagascar.
Vitex masoniana Pittier : It occurs in Panama and Colombia.
Vitex medusicalyx H.J.Lam : The homeland is northern Sumatra.
Vitex megapotamica (Spreng.) Moldenke : Its distribution area extends from Brazil to Argentina .
Vitex melicopea F. Muell. : It is from Queensland.
Vitex menabeensis Capuron : It occurs in Madagascar in the provinces of Antsiranana and Mahajanga.
Vitex micrantha gherkin : It is widespread from tropical West Africa to Cameroon.
Vitex microphylla Moldenke : It occurs in southern Madagascar.
Vitex millsii M.R.Hend. : Your home is Malaysia.
Vitex milnei W. Piep. : It is endemic to the island of Bioko in the Gulf of Guinea.
Vitex mollis Kunth : It is common in Mexico.
Vitex mombassae Vatke : Its range extends from Kenya to southern Africa.
Vitex morogoroensis Walsingham & S.Atkins : Your home is Tanzania.
Vitex mossambicensis Gürke : Your home is Mozambique and southern Tanzania.
Vitex negundo L .: The four varieties are distributed from southern Somalia to Mozambique and in tropical to subtropical Asia and on the Marianas .
Vitex negundo var. Cannabifolia (Siebold & Zucc.) Hand.-Mazz. : It occurs from southern China to India and the Malay Peninsula.
Vitex negundo var. Microphylla Hand.-Mazz. : It occurs in Tibet, Sichuan and Yunnan.
Vitex negundo var. Negundo : It occurs from southern Somalia to Mozambique and to tropical and subtropical Asia and also on the Marianas.
Vitex negundo var. Thyrsoides C.Pei & SLLiou : It occurs in Sichuan and Guangdong.
Vitex nlonakensis Engl. Ex G.Piep. : Your home is Cameroon.
Vitex novae-pommeraniae Warb. : Your home is New Guinea and the Bismarck Archipelago .
Vitex obovata E. Mey. : Its range extends from Mozambique to southern Africa.
Vitex orinocensis Kunth : It is widespread in tropical South America. With two varieties:
Vitex orinocensis var. Multiflora (Miq.) Huber : It occurs in tropical South America.
Vitex orinocensis var. Orinocensis : It occurs from Colombia to Venezuela.
Vitex oscitans Moldenke : It is only known from a few sites in the Toamasina province in Madagascar.
Vitex oxycuspis Baker : It is distributed from tropical West Africa to Angola .
Vitex pachyclada Baker : It occurs in Madagascar.
Vitex panshiniana Moldenke : It is widespread in tropical South America.
Vitex parviflora A. Juss. , Syn .: Vitex littoralis Decne. : The distribution area extends from the Philippines to the Sunda Islands .
Vitex patula E.A. Bruce : The distribution area extends from Mozambique to the South African provinces of KwaZulu-Natal and Limpopo.
Vitex payos (Lour.) Merr. , Syn .: Vitex eylesii S.Moore : The distribution area extends from Kenya to tropical southern Africa.
Vitex peduncularis Wall. ex Schauer : It is common in India , Bangladesh , Nepal , Myanmar, Laos , Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam and in southern Yunnan.
Vitex perrieri Danguy : It occurs in Madagascar in the Mahajanga province.
Vitex pervillei Baker : The two varieties occur in Madagascar and the Seychelles .
Vitex petersiana Klotzsch : It is widespread in tropical southern Africa.
Vitex phaeotricha Mildbr. ex beep. : It is widespread from tropical West Africa to Angola.
Vitex phillyreifolia Baker : It occurs in Madagascar only in the Toamasina province, only a few sites are known.
Vitex pierreana Dop : It occurs in Laos, Vietnam and on Hainan .
Vitex pierrei Craib : It occurs in Thailand and Vietnam.
Vitex pinnata L .: It is distributed in tropical Asia.
Vitex poggei Gürke : It occurs in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Vitex polygama Cham. : The distribution area extends from Brazil to Bolivia .
Vitex pooara Corbishley : The distribution area extends from Namibia to the Transvaal.
Vitex praetervisa Borhidi : It only occurs in Cuba.
Vitex pseudocuspidata Mildbr. ex beep. : The home is Cameroon.
Vitex pseudolea Rusby : It occurs in Peru and Bolivia .
Vitex pulchra Moldenke : The home is eastern Madagascar.
Vitex pyramidata B.L.Rob. : The home is Mexico.
Vitex queenslandica (Munir) Bramley : The home is only northeast Queensland .
Vitex quinata (Lour.) FNWilliams : It is distributed from India via Thailand and China to Malaysia, Indonesia , Japan and the Philippines .
Vitex regnelliana Moldenke : The home is Brazil.
Vitex rehmannii Gürke : The distribution area extends from Mozambique to southern Africa.
Vitex resinifera Moldenke : It occurs in western Madagascar.
Vitex rivularis Gürke : The range extends from tropical West Africa to Angola.
Vitex rubra Moldenke : It occurs in central Madagascar.
Vitex rubroaurantiaca De Wild. : The home is the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Vitex rufescens A.Juss. : The home is central and eastern Brazil.
Vitex sampsonii Hance : It thrives at altitudes of 400 to 600 meters in the Chinese provinces of Guangdong , Guangxi, Hunan and Jiangxi .
Vitex scabra wall. ex Schauer : It occurs in Myanmar.
Vitex scandens Moldenke : It occurs from New Guinea to the Bismarck Archipelago.
Vitex schaueriana Moldenke : The home is Brazil.
Vitex schliebenii Moldenke : The distribution area extends from southern Somalia to Mozambique.
Vitex schomburgkiana Schauer : The distribution area extends from Venezuela to northern Brazil.
Vitex schunkei Moldenke : The home is Ecuador and Peru.
Vitex seine Gürke ex Piep. : The home is Zambia .
Vitex sellowiana Cham. : The home is Brazil.
Vitex seretii De Wild. : It occurs in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Vitex siamica F.N.Williams : The distribution area extends from Thailand to Malaysia.
Vitex snethlagiana Huber ex Moldenke : The home is the Brazilian state of Pará .
Vitex sprucei Briq. : The distribution area extends from south-eastern Colombia to northern Brazil.
Vitex stahelii Moldenke : The range includes Colombia and northern South America.
Vitex stellata Moldenke : It thrives in forests and on island mountains in Madagascar only in the northern province of Antsiranana.
Vitex strickeri Vatke & Hildebr. : The distribution area extends from southern Somalia to Tanzania.
Vitex stylosa Dop : The home is Vietnam.
Vitex teloravina Baker : It occurs in Madagascar, there are only two sources of information .
Vitex thailandica Bramley : The home is Thailand.
Vitex thomasii De Wild. : The home is the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Vitex thonneri De Wild. : It is native to tropical West Africa and central Africa, where it occurs in two varieties.
Vitex thorelii Dop : The home is Cambodia.
Vitex thyrsiflora Baker : It is distributed from tropical West Africa to Mozambique.
Vitex tomentosa (Munir) Bramley : The home is Papua New Guinea.
Vitex tomentulosa Moldenke : The home is Cuba.
Vitex trichantha Baker : It occurs in Madagascar in the provinces of Fianarantsoa and Toamasina.
Vitex triflora Vahl : It is widespread in tropical South America.
Vitex trifolia L. ( incl.Vitex rotundifolia L.f .; Syn .: Vitex indica Mill. Nom. Superfl., Vitex integerrima Mill. Nom. Superfl., Vitex variifolia Salisb. Nom. Superfl., Vitex trifolia var. Trifoliolata Schauer nom. Illeg ., Vitex agnus-castus var. trifolia (L.) short , Vitex rotundifolia L. f. , Vitex ovata Thunb. , Vitex trifolia var. simplicifolia Cham. , Vitex repens Blanco , Vitex trifolia var. unifoliolata Schauer , Vitex trifolia var. obovata Benth. nom. superfl., Vitex agnus-castus var. ovata (Thunb.) Kuntze , Vitex ovata var. subtrisecta Kuntze , Vitex trifolia var. ovata (Thunb.) Makino nom. superfl.): It is in two subspecies and a variety distributed from Somalia to Mozambique, Madagascar, Asia, Australia and on Pacific islands.
Vitex trifolia subsp. litoralis Steenis : It occurs from tropical and subtropical Asia to the islands of the Pacific.
Vitex trifolia var. Taihangensis (LBGuo & SQZhou) SLChen : It occurs in the Chinese province of Shanxi.
Vitex trifolia subsp. trifolia : It occurs from southern Somalia to Mozambique and to the islands in the Pacific.
Vitex tripinnata (Lour.) Merr. : It occurs in Cambodia , Vietnam and the Chinese province of Hainan .
Vitex tristis Scott-Elliot : It occurs in Madagascar only in the southern province of Toliara .
Vitex turczaninowii Merr. : It occurs from Java to the Philippines.
Vitex ugogoensis Verdc. : It occurs in Tanzania.
Vitex umbrosa Sw. : It occurs in Jamaica.
Vitex uniflora Baker : It thrives on rocks on island mountains in Madagascar only in the central province of Fianarantsoa.
Vitex urceolata C.B. Clarke : It occurs from Indochina to western Malesia.
Vitex vansteenisii Moldenke : It occurs only in northern Sumatra.
Vitex vauthieri DC. ex Schauer : It occurs in Brazil.
Vitex velutinifolia Munir : It occurs in north-western Australia.
Vitex venulosa Moldenke : It occurs in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Vitex vermoesenii De Wild. : It occurs in Central Africa.
Vitex vestita Wall. ex Schauer : It is common in Southeast Asia.
Vitex vitilevuensis (Munir) Bramley : It occurs only on the Fiji island of Viti Levu .
Vitex vondrozensis Moldenke : It is said to occur in Madagascar.
Vitex waterlotii Danguy : It occurs in Madagascar only in the northern province of Antsiranana.
Vitex wellensii De Wild. : It occurs in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Gabon.
Vitex welwitschii Gürke : It is widespread from western-central to southern Africa.
Vitex wimberleyi In short : It only occurs on the Andamans .
Vitex yaundensis Gürke : This endemic from Cameroon was only known from the type material in Yaoundé until a second collection took place in the Mungo River forest reserve in 1999.
Vitex yunnanensis W.W.Sm. : It thrives at altitudes of 1,800 to 3,500 meters in Sichuan and Yunnan.
Vitex zanzibarensis Vatke : It is widespread in eastern tropical Africa.
Vitex zenkeri Gürke : It is widespread in western and central tropical Africa.
Vitex zeyheri Sond. ex Schauer : It is common in southern Africa.
No longer assigned to the Vitex genus since 2012:
swell
Shou-liang Chen, Michael G. Gilbert: Verbenaceae. : Vitex , p. 28 - the same text online as the printed workFlora of China , Volume 17 - Verbenaceae through Solanaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 1994, ISBN 0-915279-24-X . (Sections Description and Systematics)
SMH Jafri, Abdul Ghafoor: Verbenaceae Vitex Flora of Pakistan .
Individual evidence
↑ Carl von Linné: Species Plantarum , 2, 1753, p. 638 scanned at biodiversitylibrary.org .
^ Vitex at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed March 23, 2015.
^ A b Vitex in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved January 23, 2018.
↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap Vitex at Tropicos.org. In: Catalog of the Vascular Plants of Madagascar . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l
Shou-liang Chen, Michael G. Gilbert: Verbenaceae. : Vitex , p. 28 - the same text online as the printed workFlora of China , Volume 17 - Verbenaceae through Solanaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 1994, ISBN 0-915279-24-X .
↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Vitex. World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved January 6, 2019.
↑ a b Search for “Vitex” in the IUCN's Red List of Threatened Species .
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R. de Kok: A revision of the genus Gmelina (Lamiaceae). In: Kew Bulletin , Volume 67, 2012, pp. 293-329.
Web links
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