Vogesella indigofera

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Vogesella indigofera
Systematics
Department : Proteobacteria
Class : Betaproteobacteria
Order : Neisseriales
Family : Neisseriaceae
Genre : Vogesella
Type : Vogesella indigofera
Scientific name
Vogesella indigofera
( Voges 1893) Grimes et al. 1997

The vogesella indigofera is an obligate aerobic , Gram-negative (G- short) bacterium . It is the type species of the genus Vogesella in the Neisseriaceae family . The genus Vogesella was named after Otto Voges .

features

The Vogesella indigofera is a rod-shaped bacterium, on average 3.5 µm × 0.5 µm, which needs the elementary oxygen O 2 to live (obligatory aerobic) . It occurs mainly singly, but also in pairs or in short chains. Occasionally, vibroid (curved) rods are observed. Vogesella indigofera is motile by means of a single polar flagellum and shows very fast straight or zigzag motility.

Vogesella indigofera forms conspicuous colonies - in the early stages of growth they are translucent, slightly yellowish (16–20 hours), later slightly bluish (24 hours) and after 36–48 hours they are deep royal blue with a metallic, copper-colored sheen. The cause of the increasing blue discoloration is the indigoid that the bacteria continuously excrete into the surrounding water. The color of the indigoid is attributed to the chromophore of the indigo .

Vogesella indigofera is capable of denitrification . It has a thin, single-layer murein shell , which makes up about 5–10% of the dry matter. The bacteria multiply asexually through cell division .

genetics

The phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA - gene sequence ( strain 389 T ) showed a match of nucleotides of 96.9% with Vogesella mureinivorans .

During conjugation , bacteria can exchange DNA with each other with the help of the Sexpili ( horizontal and vertical gene transfer ).

Toxicity and pathogenicity

In vogesella indigofera neither has toxicity nor pathogenicity found.

Initial description

Otto Voges isolated Bacillus indigoferus in 1893 from gelatine plates that he had inoculated with tap water from the Kiel water supply . He examined and described the bacterium in 1893 in Kiel as the first and named it Bacillus indigoferus - the publication he took in the Central Journal of Bacteriology and parasites customer No. 14/1893 under the title. Over a few occurring in the water pigment bacteria before. At the beginning of the 20th century, Bacillus indigoferus was renamed Pseudomonas indigofera . In 1997 , the research group of DJ Grimes, Carl R. Woese , MT MacDonnel and Rita R. Colwell named the bacterial genus Vogesella in honor of Otto Voges .

In 2010, the research group V. Cardona-Cardona, David Arroyo, J. Scellekens and C. Rios-Velazquez in Puerto Rico carried out a further investigation and description of Vogesella indigofera .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ DJ Grimes, Carl R. Woese , MT MacDonnell, Rita R. Colwell: Systematic Study of the Genus Vogesella gen. Nov. and its. Type Species, Vogesella indigofera comb. nov. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology, Jan. 1997, pp. 25-26. (on-line)

literature

  • Otto Voges: About some pigment bacteria occurring in water . Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie und Parasitenkunde (14), 1893, pp. 301-314.
  • Walter Migula : System of Bacteria . Volume: Special systematics of bacteria . Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena 1900.
  • Steinbüchel, Oppermann-Sanio: Microbiological internship: experiments and theory . Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg 2003, new edition 2011, ISBN 9783642177026 , p. 67: Vogesella .

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