Comprehensive insurance
The comprehensive insurance (from Spanish casco , 'hull') is an insurance against damage to the motor vehicle , aircraft or ship. It pays for damage, destruction or loss of the insured item. When it comes to car insurance, a distinction is made between partially comprehensive and fully comprehensive insurance . In contrast to motor vehicle liability insurance , for example, comprehensive insurance is not compulsory in Germany , Austria and Switzerland . The ship and aircraft insurance is not discussed further here.
Term history
In Spanish, casco means “ship's hull”, among other things; In sailor's language , Casco or Kasko stands for the finished, buoyant hull without the technology it contains, in contrast to the cargo . The insurance of ships against various hazards has a long tradition and took place long before the invention of the steam engine and motor vehicle . Nowadays, comprehensive insurance is usually understood to mean fully or partially comprehensive insurance for motor vehicles.
Partial comprehensive insurance
Partial comprehensive insurance is a voluntary supplementary insurance that covers damage to your own vehicle. In contrast to the legally required liability insurance, this type of coverage can be taken out voluntarily, so there is always the option to include or exclude partially comprehensive coverage. However, some insurance companies tie the partial coverage to the main maturity of the motor vehicle liability insurance, so that this must exist for at least one year.
With partial comprehensive insurance you are insured in the following cases:
- Fire or explosion
- Theft, including burglary or robbery
- Glass breakage
- Damage to the wiring due to a short circuit (scorching damage)
- Marten bite without consequential damage or with consequential damage, possibly up to a maximum amount or in an unlimited amount.
- direct exposure to storm , hail , lightning strike or flood . This includes damage caused by objects being thrown onto or against the vehicle by these forces of nature. Damages that can be traced back to the behavior of the driver caused by these forces of nature are excluded. The recognition of storm damage requires confirmation by a weather office . In addition, damage can also be recognized if further damage with a similar damage profile has been reported in the immediate vicinity of the damage location or the region. A classic example of this is hail damage. It is not always the case here that weather agencies such as B. the German Weather Service (DWD) can confirm hail events. Here other damaged vehicles in the vicinity that were damaged by hail are sufficient as evidence for the claim settlement. This also applies to damage in other property areas.
- Collision with feral game while the vehicle is in motion. In the basic tariffs, it should be noted that this generally only applies to hair game according to the Federal Hunting Act . The Higher Regional Court in Frankfurt am Main , for example, has ruled that a collision with a reindeer in Norway does not constitute a comprehensive damage, as reindeer are not covered by the BJagdG . Better-off tariffs have an extended scope of coverage and thus offer extended insurance protection. In most cases, collisions with horses, cattle, sheep, goats, dogs or cats are also insured. Furthermore, extensions like all vertebrates or birds are common.
The annual premiums for partial comprehensive insurance are based on the car's type class classification. In the case of partial comprehensive insurance (in contrast to fully comprehensive insurance) no no- claims discount is taken into account. It should be noted, however, that when the contract is signed, you will be asked about previous damage in the last 24 months. In addition to damage in liability and fully comprehensive insurance, you will also be asked about partially comprehensive damage. If there is a partial insurance claim in the last 24 months, it is not relevant for a downgrade in the claim-free years (partial insurance is always free from claim-free years), but this information is relevant to the rating and influences the amount of the insurance premium. In other words: with a partial comprehensive damage in the requested period (24 months), the insurance premium becomes more expensive due to the increased risk for the insurer. The amount of the contribution depends, among other things, on the vehicle type ( type class ), the regional class and the postcode of the owner . Other tariff features are also used as a basis, on which the insurance premium largely depends. These include:
- the annual mileage,
- the age of the vehicle when it was registered by the policyholder,
- the age of the people in the group of drivers; Drivers under the age of 23 or 25 in particular are often classified as a high risk and are therefore relevant to the amount of the premium.
By agreeing a deductible , the insurance premium is reduced. It is also reduced by agreeing a workshop commitment.
In Germany there are around 19.3 million partially comprehensive motor vehicle policies (as of 2017). The average partially comprehensive insurance costs around 90 euros per year (as of 2017). A premium volume of 1,672 million euros was offset by claims expenses totaling 1,119 million euros in 2017.
Fully comprehensive insurance
Fully comprehensive insurance is a voluntary supplementary insurance to supplement the statutory motor vehicle liability insurance. It only covers damage that occurs to your own motor vehicle and includes the insurance cover of the partially comprehensive insurance. In legal terms, these are two separate parts of the contract.
In fully comprehensive insurance, the policyholder can choose different deductibles for fully comprehensive and partially comprehensive insurance.
- Damage from partial comprehensive insurance does not result in the no-claims discount from fully comprehensive insurance being charged.
In the fully comprehensive insurance, the following damages are insured in addition to the partially comprehensive insurance:
- Vandalism damage
- Self-inflicted or third-party damage to your own vehicle. For example, damage caused by a child incapable of tort.
- In Switzerland there is a special feature that if the other party involved in the accident is not insured and the other party is insolvent, the National Guarantee Fund comes into effect.
In addition to the SFR , other calculation features for the contributions ( insurance premiums ) are the amount of the deductible, the type class classification and the place of residence of the policyholder, who determines the regional class.
When you take out fully comprehensive insurance, you have certain duties and obligations .
- Obligations in the event of damage:
- Correct information in the claim notification
- Duty to clarify in the event of an accident.
- Duty to reduce damage (example: after a glass break, cover the pane to prevent rainwater from entering).
In Germany there are around 29 million fully comprehensive motor vehicle policies (number of risks, as of 2017). The average fully comprehensive insurance costs around 325 euros per year (as of 2017). The total of claims payments in 2017 was around 8,005 million euros.
A special form is business travel comprehensive insurance with which an employer can cover damage to a vehicle belonging to the employee if the employee uses his private vehicle on behalf of the employer and within the framework of the employment relationship and the insured event occurs.
Exclusions
- Gross negligence : However, only with restrictions according to the new VVG, which came into force in 2008. Here, the insurer may only reduce its benefits according to the severity of the fault of the policyholder (quota system). In the case of alcohol-related inability to drive , recourse by the policyholder on the part of the insurer is also possible under the new law. According to BGH rulings, the absolute inability to drive occurs from a blood alcohol concentration of more than 1.1 per mille. In this case, a one hundred percent reduction in comprehensive insurance benefits is possible. In the area of motor vehicle liability, the insurer is not able to reduce or deny benefits due to the victim protection concept. However, the insurer can take recourse against the policyholder. The insurer's right of recourse is limited to 5,000 euros, but the recourse can be applied in addition, e.g. B. with hit and run in connection with alcohol. Recourse of up to 10,000 euros would be possible here. Some insurers are now dispensing with the objection of gross negligence. However, this does not apply to damage caused under the influence of alcohol or drugs.
- Intent
- run
- pure tire damage (some top tariffs include tire damage)
- Earthquakes, war events, civil unrest, measures taken by the state (but earthquakes are sometimes even included with online insurers)
- Damage from nuclear energy
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ OLG Frankfurt am Main, June 25, 2003 (7 U 190/02) ; see. Section 2 Paragraph 1 No. 1 BJagdG
- ↑ https://www.gdv.de/de/zahlen-und-ffekten/versicherungsbereich/ueberblick-4660#V contract number
- ↑ Swiss guarantee fund
- ↑ Motor insurance overview . gdv.de. Retrieved November 30, 2018.
- ^ GDV: comprehensive insurance. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on August 29, 2015 ; accessed on September 8, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Fully comprehensive premium. Generali Germany , accessed on September 27, 2013 .
- ↑ Car insurance. In: HUK24 . Retrieved March 7, 2014 .
