Warrandyte

Warrandyte
Yarra River in Warrandyte
State :  Australia State : Victoria
Coordinates : 37 ° 44 ′  S , 145 ° 13 ′  E Coordinates: 37 ° 44 ′  S , 145 ° 13 ′  E Height : 113  m Area : 17.3  km²
Residents : 5,502 (2016) Population density : 318 inhabitants per km²
Time zone : AEST (UTC + 10) Postal code : 3113 LGA : Manningham City
Warrandyte

Warrandyte is a suburb of Melbourne in the Australian state of Victoria and is about 24 km northeast of the city center of Melbourne. The city belongs to the Local Government Area Manningham City . At the 2016 census, Warrandyte had 5,502 residents.

Warrandyte bordered to the west by the Mullum Mullum Creek and the Target Road , in the north of the Yarra River , on the east by the Jumping Creek and the Anzac Road and south of an imaginary line from the Reynolds Road in the north of Donvale about Park Orchards by South Warrandyte .

Warrandyte was founded as an independent settlement in the once gold-rich hills east of Melbourne and today represents the northeastern border of the metropolitan area of ​​Melbourne. Gold was first discovered in the city in 1851 and so it, together with other cities in Victoria, such as Bendigo and Ballarat , the way to the Victorian gold rush . Today Warrandyte keeps the memory of its past in many existing buildings from the colonial era and lives on as a twin town along with North Warrandyte on the banks of the Yarra River.

Today the suburb is known for its residents' dedication to environmental protection . There are regular nature conservation programs and large and small plots of land have been reserved for nature conservation or ecological projects. The Warrandyte Festival is held every March; a parade, live music, stalls selling food and other goods, as well as events for children are just some of the things to see at the festival, which is one of the last volunteer-run festivals in Victoria.

Origin of name

In the mythology of the Aborigines there is a forecast of the Wurundjeri , after a great eagle, "the all-powerful and ever attentive creator of the world" Bunjil proclaimed that "once looked at his people from star Altair and realized her wrongdoing." He threw with a mighty clap of thunder a star fell on them and destroyed them. Where the star struck, a canyon was formed, in which most of the city lies today. Bunjil's people remembered the place and called it Warrandyte , which is believed to mean "that which was thrown".

history

Before the immigration of Europeans

Originally one or more tribes of the Wurundjeri , Aborigines of the Kulin nation, lived in the area , who used a type of Voivurung language. Warrandyte was an important place for them because nature had formed a canyon there that inspired many Wurundjeri legends, including that of Bunjil. They farmed the land extensively for tens of thousands of years. An example of this is the tradition that neighboring clans pledged not to fish in the Yarra River when the fish population became too low. This gave the fish a chance to recover from fishing so that humans did not completely exterminate any species. This principle was also used in hunting and gathering, as well as in the use of trees.

The discovery of gold and its exploitation

→ Main article : Victorian gold rush

A quarry in Warrandyte that was used to extract building blocks during the gold rush

Gold was first found in Victoria in 1851 at Anderson's Creek in Warrandyte by Louis Michel . The exact location can be recognized by a stone man on Fourth Hill in Warrandyte State Park . This was the start of the Victorian gold rush, but larger finds in Ballarat and the Bendigo area initially moved prospectors there rather than Warrandyte. While there were a few gold mines in the area at the height of the gold rush, it wasn't until the late 19th century, when the gold veins in the better-known gold fields were exhausted, that the Warrandyte area became more intensively exploited, particularly around Fourth Hill and Whipstick Gully . Some mines were in operation until the 1960s. The first post office in Warrandyte opened on August 1, 1857.

Traces of exploitation can be found on the river throughout Warrandyte; a classic example in the tunnel at Pound Bend . The river was partially dammed at Pound Bend near Normans Reserve to the east and at Bob's Wetlands to the west. Later the river was completely sealed off at the entrance and exit of the new tunnel and led through the 300 m long tunnel, whereby the 3850 m river bed at Pound Bend was drained and the gold could be exploited.

Artist colony

At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, Warrandyte became popular with the Heidelberg School artists who were looking for motifs further inland. This led to the creation of an artists' camp and a small colony. Although this colony was not as important as Heidelberg , Montsalvat and Box Hill , a number of Australian Impressionist painters , such as B. Clara Southern , settled in Warrandyte. Others followed, e.g. B. Penleigh Boyd and Jo Sweatman .

Potters' Cottage

In 1958, a group of potters looking for a way to display and sell their wares opened Potters' Cottage in an old prospector's hut by the bridge. The founding members were Artur Halpern, Reg Preston, Phyl Dunn, Gus McLaren and Charles Wilton . Sylvia Halpern, Kate Janeeba and Elsa Ardern joined the group in 1961 after Potters' Cottage moved to a farmhouse on the corner of Jumping Creek Road and the Warrandyte-Ringwood road. The last member of the group was Peter Laycock , who joined in 1969. Potters' Cottage operated until 2005.

The bridge

The bridge in Warrandyte, built in the mid-1950s

In Warrandyte there was always a river crossing at the site of the current bridge. Before bridges were built, there was a punt that crossed the Yarra River to North Warrandyte. Before the construction of the Upper Yarra Reservoir , heavy rains caused floods that washed the punt from Warrandyte downstream to Templestowe . The residents there then used it in turn to cross the Yarra River at the site of today's suspension bridge at Oddessey House . The first bridge in Warrandyte was built in 1861 after urgent demands from the citizens. Most of the cost was borne by the State of Victoria and the remainder by the residents of Warrandyte and North Warrandyte. This bridge was made entirely of wood felled in the area and was 8 km east of the current bridge. For 90 years until today's bridge was built in the 1950s, it was made from completely new building materials in Australia at the time - concrete and steel.

Bush fire

Great bushfires always struck Warrandyte, and in 1939 the city was the center of the Black Friday bushfires that killed 71 people. Many examples of colonial architecture were destroyed by brush fires, but there are still a number of original buildings from that period. Recently, the Warrandyte Fire Department created backfire zones to take food for possible seasonal forest fires, which has prepared the city well for such a fire. Warrandyte residents are always aware of the danger and most are well versed in evacuation plans and countermeasures. The bushfires on Black Saturday 2009 Kinglake were only 15 minutes from North Warrandyte removed. The most famous bushfires that struck Warrandyte were:

• February 6, 1851: Black Thursday bush fire
• January 13, 1939: Black Friday bush fire
• 14.-16. January 1962

location

Tunnel at Pound Bend , which was built by the gold diggers during the Victorian gold rush to divert the Yarra River

Warrandyte is on the south bank of the Yarra River. The river and hills around the city were once rich in gold. The ruins of the mines and tunnels can be found throughout Warrandyte State Park and elsewhere. The city center is located in a ravine of the river, but the whole suburb extends over other areas and can be divided as follows:

Warrandyte Middle & Yarra River

Warrandyte Mitte consists of the main road to Ringwood, the one to Heidelberg (Yarra Street), Pound Bend and the south bank of the Yarra River. This area is also sometimes called Town , in contrast to the suburbs to the south and west.

Anderson's Creek

The Andersons Creek flows through the neighboring cities of South Warrandyte and Warranwood and flows into the Yarra River just before Pound Bend . In this area, several canyons come together to form a depression bounded by Fourth Hill to the east and the hills on the east bank of Mullum Mullum Creek to the west. This becomes evident when driving through Warrandyte on the Heidelberg road that leads down the hills to Andersons Creek.

East bank of Mullum Mullum Creek

On the east bank of Mullum Mullum Creek there were extensive orchards that stretch across from neighboring East Doncaster . Therefore, most of the original vegetation has been cut down. Today residential development covers the land because the building regulations allowed a division into larger building plots. Aumann's Orchard , one of the still existing orchards in the area, is located further south .

Large areas around Warrandyte are managed by Parks Victoria or privately owned such as Longridge Farm . There are dense, species-rich eucalyptus forests .

The following watercourses run through Warrandyte or border the city:

• Yarra River
• Jumping Creek
• Parson Gully
• Mullum Mullum Creek
• Anderson's Creek

Other geographic attractions in Warrandyte include:

• Harris Gully
• Beauty Gully
• Fourth Hill
• Pound Bend
• Pound Bend Tunnel
• The Island
• Black Flat
• Whipstick Gully
• Specimen gully

ecology

In the 19th century, almost all of the natural vegetation in the area was cut down, mostly for agricultural, construction or mining purposes. The danger of forest fires, which destroyed important parts or the entire city, the great distance from Melbourne city center and later the green belt system restricted urban development in Warrandyte in the 20th century. This allowed the natural vegetation to recover. What can be seen of it today was all reappeared at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century.

traffic

Planted trees on the main street in Warrandyte in autumn

Most traffic in Warrandyte is handled by private cars, but there are also public bus routes operated by the Ventura (formerly National ) bus company. Lines 906 and 364 go on the road to Ringwood and lines 201, 305, 308, 155, 156, 159, 578 and 579 on the road to Heidelberg (Yarra Street). Lines 155, 156, 159, 201, 304, 305 308 stop at the Yarra Bridge. Both roads lead to the suburbs of Warrandyte. Most of the traffic through Warrandyte goes to the neighboring towns of East Doncaster, Wonga Park, North Warrandyte and Park Orchards , but also to more distant Melbourne suburbs.

The rush hour traffic is always along the main roads to the west and south of Warrandyte or the Eastern Freeway .

The main streets of Warrandyte are:

• Reynolds Road
• Tindals Road
• Beauty Gully Road
• Harris Gully Road
• Gold Memorial Road
• Pound Road
• Webb Street
• Jumping Creek Road
• Yarra Street

Community institutions

Cockatoos in the '' Stonehouse Café '' in Warrandyte

In Warrandyte there is a post office, tennis courts, a community center, RSL, various Garni hotels, restaurants, a police station, a fire station , two kindergartens, two sports fields (football and cricket), the Warrandyte Community Church , Anglican churches and the Uniting Church , the Andersons Creek cemetery, a Boy Scout division , canoe briefs, a skate park, day nurseries, teahouses, and the Crystal Brook Holiday Center .

An old late 19th century Victorian house on Yarra Street that has been converted into a retail store

Schools in Warrandyte:

• Warrandyte High School
• Anderson's Creek Primary School
• Warrandyte Primary School

Shops in Warrandyte:

• Goldfields Plaza
• Shops on either side of the main streets and around the bridge

Parks & Recreation

Many people who live outside of Warrandyte come to town to enjoy a variety of recreational activities, as do the local residents. For example, these are hiking, cycling, mountain biking, tennis, basketball, football, cricket, swimming in the Yarra River, canoeing and kayaking, skateboarding, cross-country hiking, etc.

Parks, gardens and recreation areas in Warrandyte include:

• Warrandyte State Park (including Pound Bend, Fourth Hill, Black Flat, Mount Lofty, and others)
• Pound Bend Reserve
• Stiggants Reserve
• Warrandyte Reserve / Taroona Reserve (location of Warrandyte Cricket Club , which was founded in 1855 and is the fourth oldest in Victoria, Warrandyte The Bloods Football Club , which plays in the Eastern Football League , Warrandyte Junior Football Club, and Warrandyte Netball Club s)
• Longridge Farm
• Alexander Reserve
• Currawong Bush Park (Environmental Center & Wildlife Park)
• Wildflower Reserve
• Andersons Creek Streamside Reserve

Web links

Commons : Warrandyte  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Australian Bureau of Statistics : Warrandyte ( English ) In: 2016 Census QuickStats . June 27, 2017. Retrieved April 19, 2020.
2. ^ Warrandyte Diary, No. 389 (August 2006)
3. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g} Melways. Issue 33 (2006). Pp. 22-24 and 34-36
4. ^ Post Office List . Premier Postal History
5. ^ Eastern Football League . Full Points Footy ( Memento of the original from January 1, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.