Hainchen Castle
| Hainchen Castle | ||
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 Hainchen moated castle |
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| Creation time : | around 1290 | |
| Castle type : | Moated castle | |
| Conservation status: | Receive | |
| Standing position : | Nobles, counts, princes | |
| Place: | Netphen - grove | |
| Geographical location | 50 ° 51 '16 " N , 8 ° 13' 5" E | |
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The castle Hainchen is a moated castle and is located on the outskirts of the district Hainchen the city Netphen in the Siegerland ( Nordrhein-Westfalen ).
history
The castle has existed since at least 1290, the year in which it was first mentioned in a document. At that time it was owned by the vom Hain, an old noble family in and around Nassau . In 1239, at the request of his liege, Friedrich vom Hain , Count Heinrich II. Of Nassau transferred the income from the Netphener parish to the Premonstratensian monastery of Keppel near Hilchenbach , which Friedrich had built on his property.
The castle was completely enclosed by two moats. The castle consists of four corner towers, a barrel-vaulted medieval cellar and a vaulted ground floor from 1537.
The castle was sold by its owners in 1313 to Count Heinrich I of Nassau-Siegen . In 1355 it was given to the knight Konrad von Bicken as a Nassau castle fief. His descendant Philipp von Bicken then acquired the entire property, castle and valley to the Hain, as a fief in 1443 .
The castle was expanded under Philipp von Bicken. The northeast side of the main building received a chapel as an extension. At the beginning of the 16th century, the Lords of Bicken took the moated castle as their residence and fortified it with walls and bulwarks . Since the then feudal lord Johann V (Nassau) feared that the Bicken could become too powerful, the possibility of stationing Nassau troops in the castle for all time was agreed in 1511.
One of the sons of Philip of Bicken was born at Castle Hainchen Johann Adam von Bicken (* May 27, 1564, † 11 January 1604 in Aschaffenburg ), the 1601-1604 Archbishop and Elector of Mainz and Archchancellor of the Holy Roman Empire was . The brothers Johann and Eberhart of Bicken settled in the neighboring town Irmgarteichen nearby parish church of St. Cecilia a magnificent tomb built, which is still preserved today and visit.
In the 18th century the von Bicken family was impoverished. She sold Hainchen Castle to the Prince of Nassau-Siegen in 1711. After further changes of ownership, the moated castle came into the ownership of Prince Wilhelm IV , Prince of Orange on July 7, 1747 .
After Hainchen became the property of the Prussian state, the castle gradually fell into disrepair in the 19th century. In 1864, the last two of the original four main towers were demolished, the quarry stones of the structure were used to build the highway from Hainchen to Rittershausen in Hesse . From the beginning of the 20th century, the remains of the castle were assigned to a Prussian chief forester as a residential and farm building. After the St. Joseph Children's Home was bombed out during World War II , it was temporarily housed in the empty castle rooms in 1945. The establishment of a construction hut by the Berlin professor Otto Sticht failed in the 1960s due to differing views on the manner of restoration and because there was insufficient investment capital.
Since the 1970s, the castle has been sponsored by the Siegerland Burgenverein, which promoted the preservation and reconstruction of the castle complex. After completion of the reconstruction work, which began on February 21, 1976 with the laying of the foundation stone, the moated castle was given its current purpose on January 15, 1977 in a ceremony. In the meantime, the castle, managed by the Lebenshilfe institute , is used for recreation for disabled and elderly people in need of care. The approximately 33,000 m² park serves as a cultural meeting place. Inside the castle, the rooms were furnished according to historical specifications as part of the reconstruction. Here, for example, the oak door from 1557 is the oldest relic of days gone by, but the castle cellars and the groin vault of the "old kitchen" are also reminiscent of earlier times.
literature
- Udo Mainzer: Hainchen moated castle - the recovery of an architectural monument . Report on the restoration measures in the 1970s, in: Siegerland - Blätter des Siegerländer Heimatverein e. V., Siegen, December 1977.
- Various authors: Wasserburg Hainchen . Westfälische Kunststätten , issue 58. Published by the Westphalian Heimatbund in conjunction with the Siegerländer Burgenverein e. V. and the Westphalian Office for Monument Preservation / Regional Association Westphalia-Lippe. Münster, 1990. ISSN 0930-3952 .
- Wasserburg in the course of history , Siegerländer Heimatkalender 2002 p. 81ff, 77th edition, publisher Siegerländer Heimat- und Geschichtsverein eV, publishing house for local literature.
- Friedhelm Busch: Hainchen Castle. A moated castle on a slope , self-published, 1981.
- Jens Friedhoff : The moated castle Hainchen under Johann Friedrich von Bicken († 1673). A contribution to the building history and furnishings of the palace in the baroque period , in: Siegerland - Blätter des Siegerländer Heimatverein e. V. 83 (2006), Siegen, pp. 96-110.
- Hans Fritzsche: Found an oasis of calm. Charles Hector de Marsay at Hainchen Castle , in: Siegerländer Heimatkalender 2011 pp. 97-104, 86th edition, published by Siegerländer Heimat- und Geschichtsverein eV, publisher for local literature.
- Alexander Wollschläger: 700 years of Hainchen moated castle. Look into the early history of the castle , in: Siegerland - Blätter des Siegerländer Heimatverein e. V., Siegen, 1990, pp. 77-81.
- Günter Dick: metal sculptor Prof. Otto Sticht (1901-1973). An artist without fortune? , in Siegerland vol. 90 / issue 2, 2013, pages 244–267 and online> www.siwiarchiv.de, entry from January 19, 2014.
Web links
- The Hainchen moated castle on the website of the city of Netphen (accessed on April 5, 2011)
Individual evidence
- Jumped back ..., Siegener Zeitung of July 30, 2011, p. 43
- ^ Scrolled back ..., Siegener Zeitung of March 5, 2011
- ^ Scrolled back ..., Siegener Zeitung of January 29, 2011