Werderland
The Werderland is a lowland landscape on the right bank of the Weser in the north of Bremen . In the north the Werderland is bordered by the Lesum , in the southwest by the Weser and in the east by the Bremen dune .
The Werderland district in the Burglesum district of Bremen is smaller than the landscape, as the industrial and commercial area around the steelworks and other reserve areas belong to the industrial harbors district.
geography
The Werderland is a marshland and is mainly below the flood level of the two surrounding rivers. Without the protection of the dykes , it would be flooded every day. It is characterized by wet meadows , which are drained into the rivers through numerous ditches and sluices . Smaller parts of the Werderland are covered by quarry forest. In Niederbüren there is a sand rinsing field that has the character of a wasteland . Dunger See , located in northeast Werderland, is an artificially created quarry pond . In the north-west of Werderland, at the confluence of the Lesum with the Weser, across from Bremen-Vegesack, there is the “Schönebecker Sand” peninsula, on which a river bathing establishment with a ferry connection to Vegesack was located until the 1960s. In the course of the expansion of the Weser into a major shipping route, the sandy beach was removed and replaced by stone pouring, which meant the end of the bathing business. The buildings of the bathing establishment have been preserved.
Transport and near tourism
The Werderland is accessed by a narrow, winding road that runs parallel to the two rivers. Werderland is only inhabited along this street. Public transport does not exist along the road that was initially called "Lesumbroker Landstrasse" and later "Niederbürener Landstrasse". The remaining parts of the area are mainly used for grazing. The terrain is crossed by an unpaved path that is accessible to pedestrians and only partially accessible to cyclists, which has been developed as a nature trail ("Ökopfad"). It is not permitted to enter the meadows off this path. Since the beginning of 2010 there has been a paved hiking trail that is also accessible by bike. This leads from Dunger See over several bridges in a relatively straight line to the turning point Moorlose Church, and partly runs directly on the border to the steelworks site. Otherwise there are several mainly agricultural dirt roads. In the 1970s there were plans to build an expressway, the so-called Werderland route , through the area.
Water balance
Flood protection and drainage of the Werderland are the responsibility of the Bremischer Deichverband on the right bank of the Weser . In contrast to most of the association's area, it is not drained by the Wasserhorst pumping station . And it doesn't have a natural inflow. The water balance is regulated by two sluices in the Lesum dike: The Burger sluice near the Burger road bridge enables fresh water to be supplied to the Werderland trench network, so it no longer has a classic sluice function . The four-piece sewer west of the Lesum barrage serves to drain the area, so it is a classic sewer in the foremost dyke line. The sheet pile wall at the house at no.34 in Mittelbüren east of the Moorlose Church is considered to be the weakest point of the front dike line in Bremen.
nature
The Werderland largely consists of nature-protected grassland. Among other things, to preserve the landscape in its current state, it is predominantly grazed, otherwise the open spaces would be covered with bushes. In addition to the extensive wet meadows, the Werderland includes a quarry forest and the wasteland area of the Niederbürener Sandspülfeld. Accordingly, the area shows great biodiversity. The rare kingfisher can be found in the vicinity of the drainage ditches . Among other things, the rare crab claw grows in the trenches . Characteristic birds such as the black godwit breed in the meadows . Various species of ducks, great crested grebes and cormorants can be found at Dunger See . The sand flushing field is the habitat of the blue-winged wasteland insect .
The Werderland nature reserve is looked after by the BUND Landesverband Bremen.
history
_-_C._A._Heineken_-_1806.jpg)
In prehistoric and perhaps early historical times, the Weser probably flowed northwards below today's Oslebshausen and so a large part of today's Lesum was part of the course of the Weser . Since when the Weser has its current course, opinions differ.
Along the rivers that border the Werderland there are several settlements with a village character, which no longer represent independent political units. The elongated village of Lesumbrok lies on the banks of the Lesum. Niederbüren extends along the Weser in the southwest and Mittelbüren to the east.
Before the construction of the iron and steel works, Mittelbüren was considerably larger. The entire eastern part of Mittelbüren was used by the industrial settlement from 1955, so that only a small part with an inn, the former village school and the previous building from the 14th century 1846 on the site of a previous building demolished in 1845 / 47 Moorlose Church , built in the neo-Gothic style, has been preserved. The lost part of Mittelbüren consisted primarily of centuries-old Lower Saxony houses , one of which was removed and rebuilt using the original structure on the grounds of the Focke Museum in Bremen . The eastern district of central Büren, Osterort, had to give way entirely to the industrial settlement . At the Moorlosenkirche there is a landing stage for passenger ships on the Weser between Bremen and Bremerhaven.
South of Lesumbrok, until its demolition in the 1970s, there were, among other things, the “Kleine” and “Große Dunge ” estates as well as the Martens farm. During the Second World War, the sixteen-year-old Polish youth Walerian Wróbel was used as a slave laborer on the latter. In 1941 he set fire to a barn in the hope that he would be sent back to Poland because of this. However, Wróbel was sentenced to death and executed in 1942.
A cemetery was to be created in the area of the Great Dunge in the 1980s. Due to the reduced need for burial places, the area, which had already been largely prepared, was redesigned for use as a golf course.
Industrial settlement
To the east, the site is bounded by the ArcelorMittal Bremen works area, which was built on part of Werderland in the 1950s. Due to the industrial settlement Niederbüren and the rest of Mittelbüren got into a remote situation, as the roads leading directly towards Burg-Grambke and Oslebshausen were interrupted.
Several wind turbines have been installed in the meadow areas of the Werderland in recent years .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Statistisches Jahrbuch 2009 (PDF; 21 kB) Statistisches Landesamt Bremen, p. 2 , accessed on July 4, 2010 .
- ↑ Rainer Mayer: An age-old idea is now becoming reality. The Grambker Encyclopedia, December 9, 2006, archived from the original on July 19, 2012 ; Retrieved January 21, 2011 .
- ↑ The Senator for Building (Ed.): City Development Program Bremen - Draft . Bremen June 1971.
- ↑ Dyke association on the right bank of the Weser: water levels from human hands (PDF)
- ^ Bernhard Rutenberg: Did the Weser still float through Werderland around 1200? , Special print from Heimat und Volkstum, Bremen contributions to Low German folklore, 1961
- ↑ Dieter Ortlam, The Medieval River System of the Weser in the Bremen Basin in Der Aufbau ›51. Jg. (1996)› No. 1, July 1996 ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Digital collections of the State and University Library Bremen)
- ↑ Christof U. Schminck-Gustavus: Das Heimweh des Walerjan Wróbel , Bremen 2007.
Coordinates: 53 ° 9 ′ 3 " N , 8 ° 38 ′ 50" E