Wigger of Brandenburg

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A statue of Wiggers as part of a monument group on Siegesallee in Berlin from the 19th century

Wigger von Brandenburg was Bishop of Brandenburg from 1138 to 1159 . He contributed significantly to the restoration of the diocese after the Slav uprising of 983 .

Early years

Wigger was a Premonstratensian and after 1122 belonged to the Cappenberg monastery . In the wake of the new Archbishop of Magdeburg and founder of the Premonstratensian Order Norbert von Xanten , he came to Goslar , known as the Presbyter . He was provost of the monastery of Our Lady in Magdeburg . This was occupied by Norbert von Xanten in 1129 with Premonstratensians.

Beginnings of the episcopate

He was elected Bishop of Brandenburg in 1138. It was consecrated by Archbishop Konrad von Querfurt . In his election, King Konrad III. didn't matter. Wigger took on an extremely difficult position. Since the Slav uprising of 983 , the diocese was predominantly under the Slavic sphere of influence. The actual bishopric of Brandenburg an der Havel and the eastern part of the diocese were in Slavic hands. The bishops essentially only commanded a rump bishopric. His predecessor Lambert was murdered in 1138.

Wigger played an important role in restoring the diocese of Brandenburg, which had been affected by the Wende uprising. As a Premonstratensian, he was convinced of the need to work in the world. He dedicated himself to the ecclesiastical organization of his diocese and endeavored to promote Christianization from bases.

In order to secure the material basis of his diocese, shortly after his election he argued with Archbishop Konrad von Magdeburg over tithe rights. Innocent II decided in 1139 in favor of Wigger, although from a legal point of view Konrad had a stronger position. Wigger may have traveled to Rome especially for the second Lateran Council . The Archbishop's tithe rights were confirmed in principle, but he had to pay Wigger considerable compensation. King Konrad is also likely to have supported Wigger. The dispute over tithe rights did not end there. It broke out again at the beginning of the 13th century in the Brandenburg tithe dispute .

Royal service

Wigger and the archbishop appear as witnesses in a document from Conrad III in 1138. While the archbishop later developed into an opponent of the king, Wigger had a good relationship with him.

This is indicated by the fact that he was present quite often in the vicinity. He had an ambivalent relationship with the archbishop. In 1138 he was still present in the king's army camp during the siege of Nuremberg . A year later he took part in a court camp in Strasbourg. In October 1139 he was the only big man who did not come from Swabia or Franconia in Markgröningen near the king. In 1142 he was in Frankfurt am Main when the balance between the King and Henry the Lion came about . Subsequently, too, he was at court several times. He was present in Magdeburg at Christmas 1144. There he was a witness when the Stader legacy was decided. Archbishop Friedrich von Magdeburg also benefited from this . Wigger was there at the court day in Nuremberg in 1147 before the king left for the crusade. After the king's return, he largely stayed away from his court, probably because efforts to restore the diocese of Brandenburg were ongoing.

Diocese politics

In 1138/39 he had the St. Mary's Church in Leitzkau expanded and founded a Premonstratensian monastery out of friars from Magdeburg. If one follows Gustav Abb and Gottfried Wentz , however, the monastery was founded by Norbert before his election.

Because the actual seat of the diocese in Brandenburg was in Slavic hands, the Leitzkau monastery was given the status of a provisional cathedral chapter . The canons were given the right to elect a bishop. If possible, they should choose a member from their own convention, but in any case a Premonstratensian. In the event of a vacancy , the chapter had to conduct business until a new bishop was elected. In addition to the cathedral chapter, an archdeaconate was also established. This should be presided over by the provost as the bishop's deputy. The provost also received the office of archpriest .

The monastery was consecrated in 1140 to the apostle Peter as the patron saint of the diocese. Albert the Bear became Vogt of the monastery . This was also Vogt of the mother monastery in Magdeburg. The construction of a monastery complex with an imposing collegiate church began between 1142 and 1145. The church was inaugurated in 1155. She was consecrated to the Virgin Mary. Among others, Archbishop Wichmann von Magdeburg and Margrave Albrecht the Bear were present.

The Christian Heveller prince Pribislaw called possibly at the insistence of Wiggers or to save his area from the Wendenkreuzzug 1147 Premonstratensians from Leitzkau to found a daughter foundation in Parduin in the immediate vicinity of Brandenburg . In fact, the Wenden Crusade spared the Pribislaw area.

Wigger took part in the Wenden Crusade in 1147. However, he saw his peaceful reconstruction efforts threatened by this and he succeeded in keeping the crusade out of his diocese. After the death of Pribislaw in 1150, Albrecht the Bear took over his territory.

His successor Wilmar made the convent in Parduin in 1161 a cathedral chapter. In 1165 the chapter was able to move its seat to the Brandenburg.

There are various details for the day of Wigger's death. Most likely January 4, 1161. According to a source, Bishop Wigger was buried in Leitzkau on December 31, 1159. "... he sat on the episcopal chair for 21 years, 4 months and 17 days" (Heinrich von Antwerp: Tractatus de captione urbis Brandenburg). A statue of him belonged to a group of monuments around Albrecht the Bear on Siegesallee in Berlin .

literature

Remarks

  1. RI IV, 1,1 n.395, in: Regesta Imperii Online (accessed July 14, 2015)
  2. Joachim Müller / Lutz Partenhelmer: June 11, 1157 and its significance for the city and state of Brandenburg. In: Yearbook for the history of Central and Eastern Germany. Vol. 54/2008 p. 78; Gustav Abb, Gottfried Wentz: The Diocese of Brandenburg. First part. (Germania Sacra AF 1. Abtl., 1. Bd.) Berlin, Leipzig, 1929 p. 24f .; Wolfram Ziegler King Conrad III. (1138-1152). Vienna u. a., 2008 p. 207; Jörg Rogge: Holy Halls. For the training of the church organization in the Diocese of Brandenburg from the 10th to the middle of the 13th century. In: Clemens Bergstedt, Heinz-Dieter Heimann: Paths to the Heavenly City: Bishop, Faith, Reign 800-1550. Berlin 2005 p. 101.
  3. Gustav Abb, Gottfried Wentz: The Diocese of Brandenburg. First part. (Germania Sacra AF 1. Abtl., 1. Bd.) Berlin et al. 1929, p. 25.
  4. Wolfram Ziegler: King Conrad III. (1138-1152). Vienna u. a. 2008, p. 206.
  5. Jörg Rogge: Holy Halls. For the training of the church organization in the Diocese of Brandenburg from the 10th to the middle of the 13th century. In: Clemens Bergstedt, Heinz-Dieter Heimann: Paths to the Heavenly City: Bishop, Faith, Reign 800-1550. Berlin 2005 p. 101.
  6. Wolfram Ziegler: King Conrad III. (1138-1152). Vienna et al. 2008 p. 207; Jörg Rogge: Holy Halls. For the training of the church organization in the Diocese of Brandenburg from the 10th to the middle of the 13th century. In: Clemens Bergstedt, Heinz-Dieter Heimann: Paths to the Heavenly City: Bishop, Faith, Reign 800-1550. Berlin 2005 p. 101f.
  7. ^ RI IV, 1,2 n. † 110, in: Regesta Imperii Online , (accessed July 14, 2015).
  8. Wolfram Ziegler: King Conrad III. (1138-1152). Vienna et al. 2008, p. 208.
  9. ^ RI IV, 1,2 n.133, in: Regesta Imperii Online (accessed July 14, 2015).
  10. ^ RI IV, 1,2 n.157, in: Regesta Imperii Online , (accessed July 14, 2015)
  11. Wolfram Ziegler: King Conrad III. (1138-1152). Vienna et al., 2008 pp. 209f.
  12. Jörg Rogge: Holy Halls. For the training of the church organization in the Diocese of Brandenburg from the 10th to the middle of the 13th century. In: Clemens Bergstedt, Heinz-Dieter Heimann: Paths to the Heavenly City: Bishop, Faith, Reign 800-1550. Berlin 2005, p. 102.
  13. Joachim Müller / Lutz Partenhelmer: June 11, 1157 and its significance for the city and state of Brandenburg. In: Yearbook for the history of Central and Eastern Germany. Vol. 54/2008, p. 78.
  14. Gustav Abb, Gottfried Wentz: The Diocese of Brandenburg. First part. (Germania Sacra AF 1st department, 1st volume) Berlin et al. 1929, p. 9.
  15. Jörg Rogge: Holy Halls. For the training of the church organization in the Diocese of Brandenburg from the 10th to the middle of the 13th century. In: Clemens Bergstedt, Heinz-Dieter Heimann: Paths to the Heavenly City: Bishop, Faith, Reign 800-1550. Berlin 2005, p. 102; Joachim Müller / Lutz Partenhelmer: June 11, 1157 and its significance for the city and state of Brandenburg. In: Yearbook for the history of Central and Eastern Germany. Vol. 54/2008, p. 78.
  16. Joachim Müller / Lutz Partenhelmer: June 11, 1157 and its significance for the city and state of Brandenburg. In: Yearbook for the history of Central and Eastern Germany. Vol. 54/2008, p. 78f.
  17. Joachim Müller / Lutz Partenhelmer: June 11, 1157 and its significance for the city and state of Brandenburg. In: Yearbook for the history of Central and Eastern Germany. Vol. 54/2008, p. 79; Jörg Rogge: Holy Halls. For the training of the church organization in the Diocese of Brandenburg from the 10th to the middle of the 13th century. In: Clemens Bergstedt, Heinz-Dieter Heimann: Paths to the Heavenly City: Bishop, Faith, Reign 800-1550. Berlin 2005, p. 102.
  18. Jörg Rogge: Holy Halls. For the training of the church organization in the Diocese of Brandenburg from the 10th to the middle of the 13th century. In: Clemens Bergstedt, Heinz-Dieter Heimann: Paths to the Heavenly City: Bishop, Faith, Reign 800-1550. Berlin 2005, p. 104; Joachim Müller / Lutz Partenhelmer: June 11, 1157 and its significance for the city and state of Brandenburg. In: Yearbook for the history of Central and Eastern Germany. Vol. 54/2008, p. 79; Gustav Abb, Gottfried Wentz: The Diocese of Brandenburg. First part. (Germania Sacra AF 1st department, 1st volume) Berlin, Leipzig 1929, pp. 9, 25
  19. ^ RI IV, 1,2 n.489, in: Regesta Imperii Online , (accessed July 14, 2015)
  20. Jörg Rogge: Holy Halls. For the training of the church organization in the Diocese of Brandenburg from the 10th to the middle of the 13th century. In: Clemens Bergstedt, Heinz-Dieter Heimann: Paths to the Heavenly City: Bishop, Faith, Reign 800-1550. Berlin 2005, p. 104.
  21. Jörg Rogge: Holy Halls. For the training of the church organization in the Diocese of Brandenburg from the 10th to the middle of the 13th century. In: Clemens Bergstedt, Heinz-Dieter Heimann: Paths to the Heavenly City: Bishop, Faith, Reign 800-1550. Berlin 2005, p. 104
  22. Gustav Abb, Gottfried Wentz: The Diocese of Brandenburg. First part. (Germania Sacra AF 1st department, 1st volume) Berlin, Leipzig 1929, p. 25.
predecessor Office successor
Lambert Bishop of Brandenburg
1138–1160
Wilmar