Wilhelm Hentze

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Portrait of Wilhelm Hentzes from the Illustrated Gartenbau-Lexikon, 1882.

Wilhelm Hentze (born September 14, 1793 in Wehlheiden ; † October 9, 1874 in Kassel ) was head of the Hessian garden administration from 1822 to 1864 .

family

His father, Carl Friedrich Hentze (1765-1824, † in Wilhelmstal Palace ), had entered the service of the Landgraves of Hesse-Kassel as a journeyman under Daniel August Schwarzkopf and had been court gardener for the park of Wilhelmsthal Palace in Calden since 1805 .

Professional background

Wilhelm Hentze received his training in the court gardening department of Bergpark Wilhelmshöhe from 1807 and then worked from 1810 for his father in Wilhelmsthal. In 1812, when the Electorate of Hesse had temporarily become part of the Kingdom of Westphalia , Langlois appointed Wilhelm Hentze to Kassel, according to his own statements, because of his good knowledge of French . With the restoration in Kurhessen in 1813, Hentze returned to Wilhelmsthal. In 1816, under the direction of his father, he was given the care of the Hofgeismar health resort . In 1818, Elector Wilhelm I offered Wilhelm Hentze the prospect of his father's job after his retirement. After Elector Wilhelm II took office in 1821, the position of garden controller was newly created in 1822, filled with Wilhelm Hentze, who was entrusted with the task of defining the content. He was responsible for all parks in Hesse. That was 35 plants, but most of them were kitchen gardens. There were also some representative systems:

The facilities were not in good condition after the previous wars. The redesign of gardens in the English style , begun by Daniel August Schwarzkopf, had remained unfinished in some of the parks and there were considerable maintenance deficits. Even after Wilhelm II took office, the lack of money persisted. Wilhelm Hentze suffered from the new regent, his imprecise instructions and his style, which played off different administrative levels against each other and developed into bullying . However, when the elector had to leave in the July Revolution of 1830 and the Crown Prince, who later became Friedrich Wilhelm I , who did not get along with his father at all, took over the government, Wilhelm Hentze got the upper hand again and was even promoted to court garden director in 1834. The new regent also faced tight budgets. He no longer renewed or expanded the acquired systems, but maintained the acquired inventory. For the first time, Wilhelm Hentze was able to seriously address the backlog that had existed for decades when maintaining the facilities. He was mainly active in the park of Schloss Fasanerie, the Hanau castle garden, the Hofgeismar spa park, the Wilhelmsthal castle park, the Karlsaue and the Wilhelmshöhe mountain park. Wilhelm Hentze also worked for several other clients. For example, it is known that in 1850 he advised the construction of a spa park in Bad Nauheim and in 1853 Georg Viktor , Prince Waldeck-Pyrmont .

Wilhelm Hentze also carried out botanical research, in particular on the genera birch , water lily , oak and linden . The exact identification of the plants was of particular concern to him. He had been in close contact with Eduard Petzold since 1856 and repeatedly provided plants, cuttings and seeds for the construction of an arboretum in Muskauer Park .

In 1858 he undertook an educational trip to the Hanoverian and Berlin-Brandenburg court gardens approved by the Elector , the travel report has been preserved. During this time, the shortage of money worsened again, under which Wilhelm Hentze was supposed to maintain the park. In 1860 he told the administration that further savings were no longer possible. In 1864 he retired, but continued his scientific work.

Honors

On May 5, 1897, a memorial to him was inaugurated on the island of Siebenbergen in the Karlsaue in Kassel. An oak species was named after him ( Quercus robur 'Hentzei' - Hentze oak ).

literature

From Hentze

sorted by year of publication

  • Plan of Wilhelmsthal . o. O. 1824.
  • Directory of the ornamental trees and shrubs which are located in the electoral tree nurseries at Wilhelmshöhe and are for sale at the buried prices. Theodor Fischer, Kassel 1851.
  • Directory of the ornamental trees and shrubs which are located in the Electoral Auepark near Kassel . Baier and Lewalter, Kassel 1868.

About Hentze

sorted by year of publication

  • Claudia Gröschel: Wilhelm Hentze (1793–1874). A garden artist of the 19th century :
    • Part 1: horticulturists and gardeners . In: Die Gartenkunst 11 (2/1999), pp. 324–338
    • Part 2: innovation and conservation . In: Die Gartenkunst 12 (1/2000), pp. 1–41.
  • Claudia Gröschel: Wilhelm Hentze (1793–1874) - life and work . In: Die Gartenkunst 6 (1/1994), pp. 119–129.
  • Claudia Gröschel: Wilhelm Hentze (1793–1874) . In: Die Gartenkunst 6 (1/1994), p. 117.
  • Bernd Modrow: Wilhelm Hentze's importance for garden art in Hesse using the example of the Karlsaue in Kassel . In: Die Gartenkunst 6 (1/1994), pp. 130-138.
  • Helmut Kramm: Article in Ingeborg Schnack (Ed.): Pictures of life from Kurhessen and Waldeck 1830-1930 . Vol. 1, 1939, pp. 136-144
  • Article Hentze, Wilhelm . In: Karl Theodor Rümpler (ed.): Illustrated Gartenbau-Lexikon , Berlin 1882, p. 384 ( digitized version )
  • Michael Seiler: The gardens of Potsdam and Berlin in the year 1858. After a travel report by the Hessian court garden director Wilhelm Hentze. In: Foundation Prussian Palaces and Gardens Berlin-Brandenburg. Jahrbuch 6 (2004), pp. 37–59 ( full text )

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Gröschel, in: Die Gartenkunst 11 (2/1999), p. 326.
  2. ↑ Gröschel, in: Die Gartenkunst 11 (2/1999), p. 324.
  3. ↑ Gröschel, in: Die Gartenkunst 11 (2/1999), p. 326.
  4. ↑ Gröschel, in: Die Gartenkunst 11 (2/1999), p. 326.
  5. ↑ Gröschel, in: Die Gartenkunst 11 (2/1999), p. 326.
  6. ↑ Gröschel, in: Die Gartenkunst 11 (2/1999), p. 329.
  7. ↑ Gröschel, in: Die Gartenkunst 11 (2/1999), p. 324.
  8. ↑ Gröschel, in: Die Gartenkunst 12 (1/2000), p. 1.
  9. ↑ Gröschel, in: Die Gartenkunst 11 (2/1999), p. 329f.
  10. ↑ Gröschel, in: Die Gartenkunst 11 (2/1999), p. 330f.
  11. ↑ Gröschel, in: Die Gartenkunst 11 (2/1999), p. 332.
  12. ↑ Gröschel, in: Die Gartenkunst 12 (1/2000), pp. 2–7.
  13. ↑ Gröschel, in: Die Gartenkunst 12 (1/2000), pp. 7–9.
  14. ↑ Gröschel, in: Die Gartenkunst 12 (1/2000), pp. 9–12.
  15. ↑ Gröschel, in: Die Gartenkunst 12 (1/2000), pp. 12-17.
  16. ↑ Gröschel, in: Die Gartenkunst 12 (1/2000), pp. 17–28.
  17. ↑ Gröschel, in: Die Gartenkunst 12 (1/2000), pp. 28–36.
  18. ↑ Gröschel, in: Die Gartenkunst 12 (1/2000), p. 1.
  19. ↑ Gröschel, in: Die Gartenkunst 11 (2/1999), p. 332f.
  20. ↑ Gröschel, in: Die Gartenkunst 11 (2/1999), p. 333.
  21. ↑ Gröschel, in: Die Gartenkunst 11 (2/1999), p. 335.
  22. ↑ Gröschel, in: Die Gartenkunst 11 (2/1999), p. 324.
  23. ↑ See: Quercus robur Hentzei . In: Eichen-Doering .
  24. ↑ Gröschel, in: Die Gartenkunst 11 (2/1999), p. 333.
personal data
SURNAME Hentze, Wilhelm
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German court garden director
DATE OF BIRTH September 14, 1793
PLACE OF BIRTH Wehlheiden
DATE OF DEATH October 9, 1874
Place of death kassel