William I (Aquitaine)
William I of Aquitaine , called the Pious (French: Guillaume Le Pieux ; † July 6, 918 ) was a Count of Auvergne , later first Duke of the high medieval duchy of Aquitaine and lay abbot of St. Julien from the Wilhelmids (Gellones) family . He was a son of Bernard Plantevelue and his wife Ermengarde.
Life
Wilhelm succeeded his father, who died in 886, in the extensive family estate. This was mainly concentrated in eastern and central Aquitaine around the Auvergne , the Mâconnais , Autunois Berry , Lyonnais and the Limousin . This made him the most powerful prince in Regnum, Aquitaine. He also inherited the " Gothic Mark " ( Septimania ) from his father . In order to support the rule of his family there against the rival Raimundiner , Wilhelm's sister was married to the Count of Carcassonne .
After the deposition of Emperor Charles the Fat (887), Wilhelm and Count Ramnulf II of Poitou stood against the elected King Odo and supported the Carolingian Karl the Simple . 878 William helped his protégé Ebalus Mancer in retaking of Poitiers . After Karl was able to assert himself as the sole king in 893, Wilhelm appeared for the first time with the title dux , but still without a fixed assignment. Although he remained loyal to King Charles the Simple, Wilhelm took on the title of "Duke of the Aquitanians" ( dux Aquitanorum ) in 909 , thus demonstrating his position as a king towards the ruler. Nevertheless, he remained loyal to the king and successfully defended Bourges against Duke Rudolf of Burgundy between 916 and 918 . In contrast, William lost control of the Counts of Toulouse , who did not recognize his claim to suzerainty.
Wilhelm died in 918 and was buried in the St. Julien Abbey in Brioude . His historically most significant act was the establishment of the Benedictine Abbey of Cluny on September 11, 910, the construction of which he entrusted Berno von Baume and she directly to Pope Sergius III. imputed.
Before 898 he married Engelberga († around 917 in Piacenza ), a daughter of Boso of Vienne and the Ermengarde of Italy , who in turn was the only daughter of Emperor Ludwig II . Since the marriage remained childless, his nephew Wilhelm the Younger followed him .
literature
- Benoît Cursente: Art. Wilhelm I. der Pious, Hzg. Von Aquitanien , in: Lexikon des Mittelalters , Vol. 9, Munich 1998, Sp. 135-136.
- Christian Lauranson-Rosaz: Guillaume le Pieux , in: Alain Dubreucq / Christian Lauranson-Rosaz / Bernard Sanial (eds.), Brioude aux temps carolingiens. Actes du colloque international organisé par la ville de Brioude 13-15 September 2007 , Le Puy-en-Velay 2010, pp. 71-86 (online: [1] ).
- Jean-Noel Mathieu: Les Guilhemides et le nord de la Francia sous Charles le Chauve , in: Alain Dubreucq / Christian Lauranson-Rosaz / Bernard Sanial (eds.), Brioude aux temps carolingiens. Actes du colloque international organisé par la ville de Brioude 13-15 September 2007 , Le Puy-en-Velay 2010, pp. 101–117.
Individual evidence
- ↑ For the founding deed, see: Auguste Bernard: Recueil des chartes de l'abbaye de Cluny (= Collection de documents inédits sur l'histoire de France. Series 1: Histoire politique. ZDB -ID 1003687-8 ). Volume 1: 802-954. Complété, revisé et publié par Alexandre Bruel. Imprimerie nationale, Paris 1876, No. 112, pp. 124-128.
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Bernard Plantevelue |
Count of Auvergne 886-918 |
Wilhelm II the Younger |
| Bernard Plantevelue |
Margrave of Gothien 886–918 |
The Counts of Toulouse take control of the Gothic area (Septimania) |
| –– |
Duke of Aquitaine 909-918 |
Wilhelm II the Younger |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Wilhelm I. |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Wilhelm the Pious |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Count of Auvergne and Duke of Aquitaine |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 9th century |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 6, 918 |