Wilhelmids

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The Wilhelmiden were a Frankish aristocracy sgeschlecht. Proven first parents of the family were Count Theodericus (Dietrich) von Autun († before 804) and his wife Aldana († before 804), who was possibly a daughter of Karl Martell .

The most famous members of the family were:

First generations

There is broad agreement in research that the Wilhelm von Gellones family is closely related to the family Bertradas the Elder , the Hugobertines , and probably even descends from them, without a reliable genealogy being able to be presented. Starting point for all considerations, e.g. B. in Hlawitschka and Settipani (see literature) is the foundation of the Prüm Abbey and the series of signatures that were placed under the document.

  • Bertrada the Elder was the founder of the Prüm Abbey in 721, probably towards the end of her life. Her son Heribert von Laon , her only living son, signed after her , as mentioned in the document.
  • Bernhar signed as a witness, after him Chrodelind; research assumes that a married couple is mentioned here. Chrodelind is the name of Bertrada's sister, already known from other sources, but Settipani assumes that a daughter of the same name signed Bertrada's, which has not yet appeared in the sources.
  • Theoderich (I) ( Theodericus , Dietrich ) is the next to sign, so it makes sense to see him as the son of Bernhard and Chrodelind. Theodoric's appearance as a witness presupposes that he was an adult at the time. The further considerations begin with him.
  • In the years 743 and 744 a Theodoricus Saxo is mentioned in the Annales regni Francorum . It is assumed that the Saxon Theodericus has nothing to do with the Bertradas family, but the note shows that the name was spread beyond the family.
  • Around the middle of the 8th century, Theoderich (II) and Heribert handed over property in Blittersdorf ( Grosbliederstroff , Kleinblittersdorf ), Auersmacher and Saargemünd to Abbot Fulrad of Saint-Denis, mentioned by Fulrad in his will from 777. In 706, Plectrudis , Bertrada's sister, and her husband Pippin the Middle were already documented in Saargemünd , so that this place can be counted as part of Bertrada's family's possession. It makes sense to see the two witnesses from the year 721 here, now 30 years older and also endeavoring towards the end of their lives to do something for their souls. However, this view is not mandatory.
  • At about the same time, around 750/755, Wilhelm von Gellone was born. His parents are Theoderich (III) and Aldana . Whether the Theodoric of 721 is the father is at least questionable, since he was probably over 50 years old at the time.
  • The Annales regni Francorum report for the year 782 of a Count Theodoric (IV), a comes, propinquus regis , close relative of the King ( Charlemagne ), again in 791, and finally in 793 that his troops attacked Friesland and have been destroyed. Theodoric (I) is no longer an option for this kings relative, even Theodoric (III) will have been well over 60 years old in 793, so that he has to be viewed critically as a military leader. In addition, Theodoric (III) and Aldana had a son Theodoric (V), who is mentioned in 804 (see below). An identity between Theodoric (III) and Theodoric (IV) would solve the problem of the close relationship to the king if one could at the same time prove Aldana as the daughter of Karl Martell , as has been tried many times. Since Theodoric (IV) fits in well with Wilhelm von Gellone in terms of generation, one must take into account that it is a cousin if he cannot be a brother - provided that the Reichsannals are to be understood as meaning that in the event of the catastrophe In Friesland the army leader was also killed. Settipani sees the comes, propinquus regis as the son of Theodoric (III) and Aldana and brother Wilhelm von Gellones, but also as fallen in 793.
  • In the two documents establishing the Abbey of Saint-Guilhem-le-Désert , dated 14th and 14th respectively. December 15, 804 Wilhelm mentions not only his parents, but also siblings and children, including Teddericus (Theodoric (V)) among the brothers . However: "The two founding documents ... seem to have been falsified in the 11th century", and only these documents have survived, so that it is hardly possible to determine what is real and what is not.
  • The names Rothlind / Chrodelind, Bernhard / Bernhar, Theoderich (VI) and Heribert reappear among the children of Wilhelm, so that a direct descent from the married couple Bernhar and Chrodelind is also obvious for this reason.
  • Bernhard of Septimania , the son of Wilhelm, is referred to in Thegans Vita Hludowici imperatoris as de stirpe regali , of royal descent. However, compared to the Carolingians, this only arises from the available data and considerations if Aldana is accepted as Karl Martell's daughter. Alternatively, a descent from the Merovingians was discussed, but with the information available this can only lead to the descent of Irmina von Oeren , Bertrada's mother, who has been traceable in the Trier tradition since the 11th century as the daughter of King Dagobert I or Dagoberts II. Was viewed; however, this tradition could be refuted.
  • A Theodoric from the Arnulfinger family, born around 810, is the grandson of a close relative, probably a sister of Wilhelm von Gellone. The name is inherited in this family and appears five more times after that.

Tribe list

The master list follows the presentation by Schwennicke, deviations from this are documented by footnotes.

  1. Theodericus (Dietrich), attested in 755, † before 804, Count von Autun ( comes Eduensis ), probably related to Dietrich, who was one of the founders of the Prüm Abbey , and the Merovingians ; ⚭ Aldana , † before 804, possibly daughter of Karl Martell ( Carolingian ), sister of Hiltrude and Landrade
    1. Teudoinus, Count of Autun 804/826
      1. Theodericus (Dietrich) II., 816/21 attests
    2. Teudericus, 804 attested
    3. Adalelmus, 804 attested
      1. Emenon , † 866, 828 Count, Count of Poitou to 839, Count of Angoulême 863; ⚭ NN, daughter of Odo, Count of Troyes , and Wandilmodis
        1. Adémar (Aimar) , attested as a minor in 866, † 926, conquered the county of Poitou in 892, confirmed by the king in 895 898 Count of Limoges , chased out of Poitou in 902, regent of Angoulême for his nephew, Count Guillaume II .; ⚭ Sancia, daughter of Guillaume I, Count of Périgueux ( House Taillefer )
        2. Adalelm , attested in 877, † 892, 886 Count Palatine of Troyes as successor to his maternal uncle; ⚭ Ermengarde, 892 or 893 attested
      2. Turpion , X 863, Count of Angoulême
      3. Bernhard , attested in 839, X probably 844/845, Count of Poitou; ⚭ Bilichildis, daughter of Rorico , Earl of Maine ( Rorgonids ), and Bilichildis
        1. Bernhard , attested in 868, in 876 Margrave of Septimania, Count of Berry and Autun, deposed in 877, excommunicated in 879, maybe 880 submission
        2. Emenon, 878 attested
    4. William the Saint (Guilhelm, Guillaume le Saint) , † Gellone May 28, probably 812/13, at least before May 21, 815, Count of Toulouse , Margrave of Septimania , conquered Barcelona in 803 , founded the Gellone Abbey ( Saint-Guilhem- le-Désert ), became a monk there in 806, founded Canova ( Goudargues ) before 806 , canonized in 1066; ⚭ I Kunigunde; ⚭ II Guitburgis (Vuithburgis)
      1. (I?) Berà Count of Rasès , † before 814; ⚭ Romilla
      2. (I?) Witcher, 804 attested, † probably before 824
      3. (I?) Hildehelm, 804 attested, † probably before 824
      4. (I?) Helinbruch, 804 attested, † probably before 824
      5. (I?) Herbert, 803 with his father outside Barcelona, ​​803/43 attested
        1. ? Kunigunde, † after June 15, 835; ⚭ around 815 Bernhard , * probably 797, † April 17, 818, 812–813 King of Italy ( list of the Carolingians )
      6. (I?) Bernhard , 804/44 attested, until 830 Count of Autun , until 831 Margrave of Septimania , 834 in Burgundy , expropriated in 844; ⚭ June 24, 824 in Aachen Dhuoda , † after February 2, 843, sister of Aribert
        1. Wilhelm (Guillaume) , born November 29, 826, X 850 in Spain , 843 in Burgundy
        2. Bernhard Plantevelue , * March 22, 841 in Uzès , † June 20, 885 / August 886, 857/68 lay abbot of Brioude , 864/69 Count of Autun , deposed, 864/74 Count of Rodez , 872 attested in Berry , after 872 Count of Auvergne ; ⚭ Ermengarde, † after June 881, daughter of Count Bernhard I and Lieugardis
          1. William I the Pious (Guillaume I. le Pieux) , † June 28 or July 6, 918, Duke of Aquitaine , 892 Count of Bourges , 893 Count of Mâcon and lay abbot of Brioude , founded the Abbey of Cluny in 910 ; ⚭ before 898 Ingelburga, † after January 917, daughter of Boso Count von Vienne , King of Niederburgund ( Buviniden )
            1. Boso, † December 25, 920 / June 926
            2. Daughter ; ⚭ Rotbald I. von Agel , attested around 930, † probably 949, ancestors of the Counts of Provence ( House of Provence )
          2. Hava, attested as abbess in 893, † probably before 913
          3. Adelinda ⚭ Acfred, Count of Carcassonne and Count of Rodez , † 906
        3. Regelinda; ⚭ Vulgrin I Count of Angoulême , † May 3, 886 ( House Taillefer )
      7. (I?) Gerberga (Gariberga), presumably identical to the nun from Châlon, who was drowned with her brother in Chalon-sur-Saône in 834 because of sorcery
      8. (II?) Gaucelm, attested in 804, presumably identical to the Count of Roussillon , who was beheaded with his sister in Chalon-sur-Saône in 834 for sorcery.
      9. (II?) Teddericus (Dietrich) III., † shortly after 826, Count of Autun
      10. (II?) Werner (Guarnierius)
      11. (II?) Rothlindis; ⚭ Wala ( Carolingian )
    5. Albana, attested 804, nun
    6. Bertana, 804 testifies ⚭? Childebrand (II), † before 818, 796 missus in the Autunois , Count, Lord of Perrecy ( Arnulfinger )
    7. ? Daughter ; ⚭ Erbio , son or brother of the Prefect Gerold ( Geroldonen ) or
    8. ? Waldrada, † after 824; ⚭ Hadrian , son or brother of the Prefect Gerold ( Geroldonen )

literature

  • Detlev Schwennicke : European Family Tables Volume III.4 (1989) Plate 731, used therein:
  • Joseph Calmette : Les Comtés et les comtes de Toulouse et de Rodez sous Charles le Chauve. In: Annales du Midi XVII, 1905, pp. 8-26
  • Joseph Calmette: Les comtes Bernard sous Charles le Chauve. In: Mélanges d'histoire du Moyen Âge dédiés à la mémoire de Louis Halphen, 1951, pp. 163–169
  • Alexandre Bruel (ed.): Recueil des chartres de l'abbaye de Cluny 1 (882-951), 1876
  • Abbé Maurice Chaume: Les comtes d'Autun then VIIIe et Ixe sièceles. In: idem, Recherches dÄhistoire chrétienne et médiévale; Mélanges, 1947, pp. 174-194
  • Pierre Tisset: L'abbaye de Gellone au Diocèse de Lodève des origines au XIIIe siècle, 1933, pp. 16-38
  • de Ribier: Recherche générale de la noblesse d'Auvergne 1656–1726, 1907
  • A. Vernet: Un nouveau manuscrit du "Manuel" de Dhuoda. In: Bibliothèque de l'École des Chartes CXIV, 1956
  • Otto Wimmer: Handbook of Names and Saints, 1959
  • Joachim Wollasch : Royalty, nobility and monasteries in Berry during the 10th century. In: New research on Cluny and the CLuniacenser, 1959, pp. 1–165
  • Recueil des travaux de Ferdinand Lot II, 1970, pp. 614–673 (Center de recherche d'histoire et de philologie V: Hautes Études médiévales et modern 9)
  • Étienne Fournial: Recherche sur les comtes de Lyon au IXe et Xe siècles. In: Le Moyen Âge LVIII, 1952, pp. 221–247
  • Georges de Manteyer: La Provence du premier au douzième siècle, 1908
  • Abbé Maurice Chaume: Onfroi, Marquis de Gothie, ses origines et ses attaches familiales. In: Annales du Midi 52, 9140, pp. 113-137
  • Annic Marcel, Marcel Boudot: Grand Cartulaire du Chapitre Saint-Julien de Brioude, 1935

Further literature

  • Adémar de Chabannes , Chronique III, J. Chavanon (ed.), 1897
  • Annales Bertiniani . In: Georg Heinrich Pertz et al. (Ed.): MGH Scriptores (in Folio) 1: Annales et chronica aevi Carolini, 1826, pp. 419-515
  • Annales Engolismenses, MGH Scriptores XVI
  • Chronicon Aquitanicum 840-1025, MGH Scriptores II
  • Marchegay, P., and Mabille, E. (eds.) (1869) Chroniques des Eglises d'Anjou (Paris)> Chronicon sancti Maxentii Pictavensis
  • Arthur Giry : Études Carolingiennes. Documents carolingiens de l'abbaye de Montiéramey. In: Études d'histoire du moyen âge dédiées à Gabriel Monod (1896), no.23
  • Christian Settipani : La préhistoire des Capétiens (1993)
  • Egon Boshof , Ludwig the Pious (1996)
  • Christian Settipani: La noblesse du Midi Carolingien. Études sur quelques grandes familles d'Aquitaine et du Languedoc du IXe au XIe siècles (Prosopographica et Genealogica, Oxford, 2004),
  • Donald C. Jackman , The pedigree of the earliest German kings. In: Herold Yearbook. New episode. Volume 15 (2010), pp. 47-67

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "Tunc Carlomannus et Pippinus contra Odilonem ducem Baiovariorum inierunt pugnam, et Carlomannus per se in Saxoniam ambulabat in eodem anno et coepit castrum, quod dicitur Hoohseoburg, per placitum et Theodericum Saxonem placitomus conquisus I etter." , et captus est Theodericus Saxo alia vice. "
  2. ^ "Pater eius [Wilhelms] fuit Theodericus, mater Aldana." ( Jean Mabillon ; Acta sanctorum ordinis Sancti Benedicti, saeculum IV, pars 1, page 68)
  3. ↑ "Cum rex bellum a se inchoatum conficere cuperet et Pannoniam iterum petere disposuisset, allatum est copias, quas Theodericus comes per Frisiam ducebat, in pago Hriustri iuxta Wisuram fluvium a Saxonibus esse interceptas atque deletas."
  4. ↑ Hlawitschka also thinks it is conceivable that the family branched out further than is currently known
  5. ^ Hlawitschka to Wilhelm (No. 61)
  6. ↑ see also: Donations par le comte Guilhelm à l'abbaye de Gellone, 14 décembre 804 (ADH 1 J 1014) et 15 décembre 804 (ADH 1 J 1015), archived copy ( Memento of the original from June 1, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / archives.herault.fr
  7. ^ MGH Scriptores 2, Scriptores rerum Sangallensium. Annales, chronica et historiae aevi Carolini, 597
  8. ↑ Hlawitschka, p. 75
  9. ↑ in Schwennicke the only descendant of Adalelmus is the grandson Bernhard von Gothien; the sources for the remaining descendants (originating from Bernhard) are given
  10. ↑ a b Annales Engolismenses, p. 486
  11. ↑ “Himmino comiti”, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou , June 9, 828 (B. Guérard: Polyptique de l'Abbé Irminon, Volume II, Appendix IX, Placitum de Colonis Villæ Antoniaci, p. 344)
  12. ↑ "emeno ... comes Pictavinus" Ademar, III 16, p 132
  13. ↑ Adhemar III, 19, pp. 136/7
  14. ↑ a b Giry, p. 133
  15. ↑ "filium parvulum Ademarum", Ademar III 19, p. 137
  16. ^ Chronicon Aquitanicum, p. 253
  17. ^ Richard (1903) Volume I, p. 74
  18. ^ Richard (1903) Volume I, p. 75
  19. ↑ Ademar III 21, p. 140, and 23, p. 145
  20. ↑ Karoli II Imp. Conventus Carisiacensis, MGH Leges 1, p. 537
  21. ↑ "Frater Ademari comitis Adalelmus" Vita Sancti Geraldi Comitis 46, Acta Santorum October VI, p 312
  22. ↑ Settipani (1993), p. 257
  23. ↑ "Turpio ... frater eius emeno" Adhemar III, 19, S. 136/7
  24. ↑ Ademar III 16, p. 132
  25. ↑ "Emeno ... comes Pictavinus ... et fratrem eius Bernardem", Ademar III 16, p. 132
  26. ^ Contradicting: Chronicon Aquitanicum, p. 253; Annales Engolismenses, p. 486; Ademar III 17, p. 133; Chronicon sancti Maxentii Pictavensis, p. 365
  27. ↑ Ademar III 17, p. 133, and Chronicon sancti Maxentii Pictavensis, p. 365
  28. ^ "Bernardum filium Bernardi et Belihildis", Conventu Compendiensi IV, RHGF ( Recueil des Historiens des Gaules et de la France ) IX, p. 304, on the occasion of the excommunication of their son 879
  29. ↑ “Gothorum princeps Bernardus cum avunculo suo Gauzleno tunc inclito Abbate, futuro autem episcopo”, Historia Inventionis et Translationis reliquarium Sancti Baudelli martyris 878, RHGF IX, p. 111
  30. ↑ Annales Bertiniani III 868, footnote 1
  31. ↑ "Bernardus Gothiæ markionem" Annales Bertiniani III 877
  32. ^ Conventu Compendiensi IV, RHGF IX, p. 304
  33. ↑ Gesta quorundam regum Francorum, pars tertia 880, MGH Scriptores I, p. 394, identity with the test person not confirmed
  34. ↑ "imino Frater markionis Bernardi," Annales Bertiniani III 878;
  35. ↑ Settipani (1993), p. 213
  36. ↑ Settipani (1993), p. 221
  37. ^ Boshof, p. 173 (for Erbio) and Jackman (for Hadrian). Odo von Orléans, the son of Hadrian / Erbios was a cousin of Bernhard of Septimania ; you get a sister of Wilhelm as mother, for which the name Wilhelm von Odo's brother also speaks (formal alternative: the mother was a sister of Wilhelm's wife, but this cannot explain the name Wilhelm for Odo's brother)