Willem Glasbergen

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Willem Glasbergen (born July 24, 1923 in Noordwijk , † April 1, 1979 in Amersfoort ) was a Dutch archaeologist .

life and work

Youth and studies up to professorship

Willem Glasbergen was born in Noordwijk in 1923, grew up in Rijnsburg and, after the family moved again, attended grammar school in Leiden . He remained connected to the South Holland region in his later professional life, which led him to places such as Valkenburg , Rijnsburg, Voorschoten , Leidschendam , Alphen aan den Rijn and Zwammerdam . In 1943 he began studying archeology and art history at the University of Groningen , but had to interrupt this in the same year due to the war. In 1945 he continued his studies in Groningen. The numismatist Annie Nicolette Zadok-Josephus Jitta was one of his lecturers at this time.

From 1945 to 1948 Glasbergen was a member of the Biological Archaeological Institute of Albert Egges van Giffen . Like his younger colleague Wim van Es , he was also an employee of the Groninger Museum and the Drents Museum in Assen . from 1948 to 1951 he worked for the Rijksdienst voor het Oudheidkundig Bodemonderzoek . In 1951 he returned to Van Giffen in Groningen. He belonged to the second generation of the so-called Groninger School , which shaped archeology in the Netherlands in the second half of the 20th century.

From 1949 Glasbergen participated in the excavations on the site of the former Rijnsburg Abbey , where traces of the early medieval settlement of Rothulfuashem and the late medieval abbey came to light . A small sensation was the discovery of the skeletons of some members of the Dutch Count's House , including Floris V.

In 1954 he received his doctorate with a thesis on a Bronze Age burial ground in Noord-Brabant . In 1957 he was appointed associate professor at the University of Amsterdam in 1959 .

Another work

While the Groninger Institute had long had the three northern provinces of the Netherlands in its archaeological focus, the Amsterdam Institute now, under the leadership of Glasbergen, mainly devoted itself to archeology in the western Netherlands. The productive consequence of this reorientation were important excavations through which the West Netherlands became an archaeologically leading region.

Glasbergen was also very active in his work as a university lecturer. For the course in archeology, he achieved the inclusion of prehistoric and medieval archaeological disciplines in the academic statute and established an internal diploma for his own students as a certificate of professional competence. He was talented at conveying the results of the research to a wide audience. He achieved this both through his press events, through which the highlights of the research were vividly represented and thus well multiplied (as with the ship finds from Zwammerdam ), through his clear and eloquent speeches and lectures, and last but not least through his well-designed and public exhibitions.

In the 1950s Glasbergen defined the term Hilversum culture , a prehistoric culture from the late Neolithic to the early and middle Bronze Age (1800–1200 BC), named after the pottery found in Hilversum and the surrounding area. In the 1960s he carried out excavations in Voorschoten and Leidschendam , investigating coastal settlements of the Neolithic Vlaardingen culture .

Glasbergen's most famous excavations include those in Valkenburg and Zwammerdam (see the following section), the burial mounds of Havelte, where he worked with Harm Tjalling Waterbolk . He published, among other things, the gold treasure from Beilen, the coin finds from Yde and Barger-Compascuum, the pearl necklace from Exloo and the dagger from Barger-Oosterveld. He carried out a processing of the terra sigillata found in Drenthe and published on the pottery of the funnel cup culture .

Prehistoric with an affinity for Roman provincial archeology

Since his studies, Glasbergen has returned again and again, first from Groningen and later from Amsterdam, to the Rhine region, which he has been familiar with since his youth, to do research there. Praetorium Agrippinae (the Valkenburg fort and the subsequent civil settlement) remained a preferred study and excavation object for him for decades. Glasbergen contributed to making it the most famous Roman fort on Dutch soil and one of the best-explored in the Lower Germanic Limes . But he was also in a leading position in other important Roman provincial research, such as the multi-year excavation campaigns at Fort Nigrum Pullum and the ship finds from Zwammerdam directly in front of it .

Fonts (selection)

  • Terra sigillata uit de provincie Groningen. Bijdrage tot de geschiedenis van den handel in the Romeinschen tijd . In: Jaarverslag van de Vereeniging voor Terpenonderzoek 25–28, 1948, pp. 317–368.
  • with Albert Egges Giffen: Thermen en castella te Heerlen-Coriovallum . In: L'antiquité classique 37, 1948, pp. 237-262
  • Barrow excavations in the "Eight Beatitudes". The bronze age cemetery between Toterfout and Halve Mijl, North Brabant. I. The excavations. II. The implications. Academic certificate by Willem Glasbergen . JB Wolters, Groningen 1954 = in Palaeohistoria 2, 1954, pp. 1–134 and 3, 1955, pp. 1–204 ( digitized part 1 ; part 2 ).
  • Het rijengrafveld te Broekeneind bij Hoogeloon (N.-Br.) . Stichting Brabants Heem, Eindhoven 1955.
  • with JD van der Waals : Beaker types and their distribution in the Netherlands. Intrusive types, mutual influences and local evolutions . In: Paleohistoria 4, 1955, pp. 6-46 ( digitized version ).
  • with Harm Tjalling Waterbolk: The late Roman gold treasure of axes . In: Palaeohistoria 4, 1955, pp. 81-101 ( digitized version ).
  • De urn van Toterfout en de reformatie van de Britse bronstijd . Brabants Heem Foundation, 1957.
  • with Siegfried de Laet and J. Nenquin: Bronze age burial ritual in the low countries. In: Archeology 10, 1957, pp. 198-207.
  • with Sigfried de Laet: De voorgeschiedenis the situation land . JB Wolters, Groningen 1959.
  • Aardewerk van de trechterbekercultuur uit Kisveld bij Neede (Gld.) . In: Helinium 1, 1961, pp. 43-47 ( digitized version ).
  • with Albert Egges van Giffen: De vroegste faze van de TRB-cultuur in Nederland . In: Helinium 4, 1964, pp. 40-48.
  • with Herman Hendrik van Regteren Altena: De abdij van Rijnsburg. Opgravingen in 1960/61 en 1963/64. Voorlopige mededeling . In: Jaarboekje voor Geschiedenis en Oudheidkunde van Leiden en omstreken (Leids Jaarboekje) 1965, pp. 144–157.
  • with W. Groenman-van Waateringe and GM Hardenberg-Mulder: Settlements of the Vlaardingen culture at Voorschoten and Leidschendam . In: Helinium 7, 1967, pp. 3-31. 97-120.
  • Nogmaal's HVS / DKS. Voordracht gehouden in de algemene vergadering van de Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen from 11 mei 1968 . Bohn, 1969.
  • De Romeinse castella te Valkenburg ZH. De opgravingen in de dorpsheuvel in 1962 . Volume 1, Wolters-Noordhoff, 1972.
  • with Willy Groenman-van Waateringe: The pre-Flavian garrisons of Valkenburg ZH. Fabriculae and bipartite barracks . North-Holland Publishing Company, Amsterdam 1974 ( digitized version ).
  • with Sophia Maria Elisabeth Lith: Italian and early South Gallic terra sigillata from Velsen (province of North Holland) . In: Rei Cretariae Romanae Fautorum Acta 17/18, 1977, pp. 5-21.

literature

  • HT Waterbolk: Willem Glasbergen, 1923–1979 . In: Helinium 19, 1979, pp. 3–6 (with picture)
  • Herbert Safatij: Willem Glasbergen 1923–1979 . In: Leids Jaarboekje 1980, pp. 30–33 ( digitized version ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Herbert Safatij: Willem Glasbergen 1923–1979 . In: Leids Jaarboekje 1980, p. 30 ( digitized version ).
  2. ^ Barrow excavations in the "Eight Beatitudes". The bronze age cemetery between Toterfout and Halve Mijl, North Brabant. I. The excavations. II. The implications. Academic certificate by Willem Glasbergen . JB Wolters, 1954.
  3. ↑ Herbert Safatij: Willem Glasbergen 1923-1979 . In: Leids Jaarboekje 1980, p. 31 ( digitized version ).
  4. ↑ Herbert Safatij: Willem Glasbergen 1923-1979 . In: Leids Jaarboekje 1980, p. 32 ( digitized version ).
  5. ↑ Willem Glasbergen and M. Addink-Samplonius: Laat-Neolithicum en Bronstijd te Monster (ZH). In: Helinium 5, 1965, pp. 97-117.
  6. ↑ Willem Glasbergen and W. Groenman-van Waateringe and GM Hardenberg Mulder: Settlements of the Vlaardingen culture at Voorschoten and Leidschendam . In: Helinium 7, 1967, pp. 3-31. 97–120 ..
  7. ^ AE van Giffen, Willem Glasbergen: De Opgravingen in Nederland in 1949. In: L'antiquité classique (1950), pp. 427-436
  8. ^ Willem Glasbergen, Harm Tjalling Waterbolk: The late Roman gold treasure of axes . In: Palaeohistoria 4, 1955, pp. 81-101 ( digitized version ).
  9. ^ Willem Glasbergen and Harm Tjalling Waterbolk: The Roman coin treasure of Bargercompascuum. I. The discovery . In: Palaeohistoria 5, 1956, pp. 77-79 ( digitized version ).
  10. ^ E. Haveman, J. Sheridan, A. Shortland and K. Eremin: The Exloo necklace. New light on an old find . In: Palaeohistoria , 47 (48), pp. 101-139.
  11. ↑ Willem Glasbergen: De dolk van Bargeroosterveld, I. Vondstomstandigheden & Home description . In: Nieuwe Drentse Volksalmanak 74, 1956; Willem Glasbergen: De dolk van Bargeroosterveld II. Herkomst & catering . In: Nieuwe Drentse Volksalmanak 78, 1960, pp. 190–198.
  12. ↑ Willem Glasbergen: De invoer van terra sigillata naar Drente . In: Nieuwe Drentse Volksalmanak 63, 1945, pp. 135–144; Willem Glasbergen: Terra sigillata uit de provincie Groningen. Bijdrage tot de geschiedenis van den handel in the Romeinschen tijd . In: Jaarverslag van de Vereeniging voor Terpenonderzoek 25–28, 1948, pp. 317–368.
  13. ↑ Willem Glasbergen: Aardewerk van de trechterbekercultuur uit Kisveld bij Neede (Gld.). In: Helinium 1, 1961, pp. 43-47.
  14. ^ Willem Glasbergen: De Romeinse castella te Valkenburg ZH. De opgravingen in de dorpsheuvel in 1962 . Volume 1, Wolters-Noordhoff, 1972; Willem Glasbergen and Willy Groenman-van Waateringe: The pre-Flavian garrisons of Valkenburg ZH. Fabriculae and bipartite barracks . North-Holland Publishing Company, Amsterdam 1974.
  15. ^ Then abbreviated obituary in the editorial, Antiquity Vol. 53, No. 209, 1979, p. 170 ( digitized version ).
personal data
SURNAME Glasbergen, Willem
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch archaeologist
DATE OF BIRTH July 24, 1923
PLACE OF BIRTH Noordwijk
DATE OF DEATH April 1, 1979
Place of death Amersfoort