Noordwijk

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Noordwijk municipality
Flag of the municipality of Noordwijk
flag 		Coat of arms of the municipality of Noordwijk
coat of arms
province South Holland South Holland
mayor Wendy Verkleij-Eimers ( VVD )
Seat of the municipality Noordwijk
Area
 - land
 - water 		74.94  km 2
58.37 km 2
16.57 km 2
CBS code 0575
Residents 42,975 (Jan 31, 2019)
Population density 573 inhabitants / km 2
Coordinates 52 ° 14 ′  N , 4 ° 27 ′  E Coordinates: 52 ° 14 ′  N , 4 ° 27 ′  E
Important traffic route N206 N444
prefix 0252, 071
Postcodes 2201-2204
Website Homepage of Noordwijk
LocatieNoordwijk.png
Template: Infobox location in the Netherlands / maintenance / map
Topographic map of the municipality of Noordwijk (2011)
Noordwijk, church: de Sint Jeroenskerk

Noordwijk ( listen ? / I ) is a village and municipality in the Dutch province of South Holland , between Katwijk and Zandvoort , in the center of the Bollenstreek ( German bulb region ). Noordwijk has been an internationally known seaside resort for 150 years and is also known internationally as “Europe's flower bathing resort ”. Audio file / audio sample  

The municipality of Noordwijk consists of the places Noordwijk aan Zee and Noordwijk-Binnen. In addition to its fame as a seaside resort, Noordwijk is also internationally known for its large bulb fields (tulip cultivation). The European Space Research and Technology Center (ESTEC) of the European Space Agency (ESA) is based here.

Noordwijk as a seaside resort

As a seaside resort, Noordwijk aan Zee is characterized by a wide, 13 km long sandy beach and a very large dune area . The beach and dunes stretch north to Zandvoort and south to Katwijk aan Zee. Further attractions are the promenade with numerous restaurants, the old center and numerous pubs and discos. As a seaside resort, Noordwijk has a large number of hotels (including the Grandhotel Huis ter Duin ), holiday homes and guest houses with over 3400 beds and records over 1 million overnight stays every year  . With over 250 congresses a year, Noordwijk is the second most important congress destination in the Netherlands and the third largest seaside resort in the Netherlands.

Flower bathing place in Europe

Noordwijk, which belongs to the Bollenstreek, is also known as the flower bathing resort of Europe because of its large bulb and tulip fields. Every year one of the most famous flower parades (Bloemencorso van de Bollenstreek) in the world starts in Noordwijk , which consists of over twenty floats and a good thirty limousines lavishly decorated with flowers, on its 40 km long tour, which also passes the internationally known Keukenhof . Keukenhof (in Lisse ), about 7 km away, is one of the largest flower parks in the world and has become one of the largest Dutch tourist attractions.

In Noordwijk (Huis ter Duin), the International Tulip Rally , which is almost 60 years old, is usually the oldest, longest and most famous rally for historic vehicles in the Netherlands.

Sights and attractions in and around Noordwijk

  • The 13 km long sandy beach on the Bollenstreek.
  • The Noordwijk dunes are of European importance, including Coepelduynen, Noordduinen (coniferous forest and bird breeding area) and Langeveld, and have therefore been designated as Natura 2000 areas.
  • Art in the dunes - parking lot at the beginning of the Duindamseslag. Length of the art route: 4 km
  • Annual Flower Parade - (Bloemencorso van de Bollenstreek)
  • The Noordwijker lighthouse and the two beach promenades
  • Space Expo Noordwijk
  • Old city center Noordwijk-Binnen
  • Oude Jeroenskerk tower - the tower has 110 steps, is 40 meters high and the walls are 2 meters thick. From above there is a wonderful view of Noordwijk, the surrounding area and the North Sea.
  • Keukenhof
  • Adventure Park De Rollygolf
  • Indoor playground KidsZoo (Noordwijkerhout)
  • Golf Centrum Noordwijk
  • Museum Noordwijk (local history museum)
  • Engelandvaarders Museum
  • Atlantic Wall Museum Noordwijk
  • Veldzicht local history museum (former farmhouse)
  • Leeuwenhorst estate (old forest area, in the municipality of Noordwijkerhout)
  • Amsterdam Waterleidingduinen
  • The Hoogewegse Molen (Polder Mill) and Reichsmonument
  • The university city of Leiden

Personalities in Noordwijk

Max Liebermann (1906): Dune near Noordwijk with child - private property

Personalities who lived in Noordwijk or were looking for recreation included members of the Dutch royal family, Thomas Mann , Maria Montessori (buried in Noordwijk), the entrepreneur Alfred Heineken , ex-Empress Soraya , the poet Henriette Roland Holst , the psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud , Grace Kelly , the writer Stefan George , the pianist Pia Beck , the tenor Jacques Urlus , the writer Margriet de Moor , the philosopher Karl Jaspers as well as numerous painters and artists such as Max Liebermann , Jan Hillebrand Wijsmuller and well-known film actors.

The landscape painter Ludolph Berkemeier (buried in Noordwijk) moved to Noordwijk in 1896 and is known for his paintings in the style of the Hague School . The painter Emy von Briesen moved there at the beginning of the 20th century (buried in Noordwijk).

Noordwijk is also the residence of football coach Louis van Gaal . In March 2014, US President Barack Obama and President of the People's Republic of China Xi Jinping stayed in Noordwijk.

Sustainable tourism

In 2012 Noordwijk was awarded the QualityCoast Gold award for special efforts in sustainable development. Therefore Noordwijk has been included in the global atlas for sustainable tourism, DestiNet .

history

Prehistoric and Roman times

Course of the Limes from Cologne to Katwijk as the northernmost end point
Roman trireme as it was also used for coastal protection

In Noordwijk there are sites from prehistoric times and especially the Roman times. One of the two Dutch sites for a house from the Early Bronze Age exists here .

The Roman fort and the associated seaport Lugdunum Batavorum (Brittenburg) on ​​the Oude Rijn were between Katwijk aan Zee and Noordwijk aan Zee and are listed in the Roman Tabula Peutingeriana . This base had the task of protecting the northern tip of the Limes from attacks from Germania. The small flotilla of the GERMANIA INFERIOR province operating from here was also supposed to monitor the sea route to Britain. After the storms of 1520, 1552 and 1562, foundation walls on the beach were cleared of the ruins of the former Roman fort. The walls that have disappeared again are suspected today one kilometer west of the ESTEC center; there are currently archaeological efforts to find this historical place again.

History of Noordwijk

The origins of Noordwijk go back to 856, when the priest and missionary Jeron was killed as a martyr by the Normans. Then a Romanesque chapel was built, which became a place of pilgrimage.

Noordwijk was referred to as Northogo (in different spellings) in medieval documents. In the early Middle Ages Northogo was a Franconian royal estate, then it belonged to the county of Holland (885-1299), from 1299 to 1354 to the county of Hainaut , from 1354 to 1433 to the Wittelsbach family , from 1522 to 1482 to the House of Burgundy and from 1482 to 1581 to the Habsburgs . From 1198 onwards the gentlemen van Noordwijk appear for the first time. Albrecht I of Bavaria granted Noordwijk city rights in 1398, which were revoked in 1399. Noordwijk was again a lower glory ( Ambachtsherrlichkeit ). In 1429 Noordwijk became a place of pilgrimage. In 1500 Noordwijk had about 1500 inhabitants.

The Offem estate, which was built in its current form in the 18th century, has played a special role since the Middle Ages. It has been an imperial monument since 2009. A rich church and monastery life also developed, especially around the St. Babara monastery, which was abandoned in 1572. In the area around Noordwijk, the large Cistercian monastery Leeuwenhorst was founded in Noordwijkerhout in 1261 , which owned large estates (over 1263 hectares), many of them in the Noordwijk area. Abandoned in 1571, it fell victim to arson and is now a convention center.

The former fishing village of Noordwijk aan Zee was founded around 1200. It was customary to give the tithe of the catch to the respective sovereign. In 1444 Noordwijk received a beacon - a raised hearth is more likely to hit. Around 1474 Noordwijk owned 38 large and small fishing boats, which always cast off and landed from the beach. Fishing was one of the main sources of income for Noordwijk-Binnen until the end of the 19th century. The last bomschit took off in 1913.

In the 18th and 19th centuries, Noordwijk was the most important herb center in the Netherlands and primarily supplied Amsterdam. Around 1880 this was replaced by flower bulb cultivation. From around 1819 Noordwijk became an exclusive seaside resort for the upper class. With the opening of the first hotel, the Grandhotel Huis ter Duin in 1885, the foundation stone for Noordwijk as a future seaside resort was laid. The population grew rapidly from 5,000 around 1900 to over 25,000 at the end of the 20th century.

Noordwijk in the 20th century

A typical fishing boat as it was to be found off the coast of Noordwijk, called "Bomschuit"

This was followed in the 20th century by the construction of numerous hotels such as the Palace Hotel, the Hotel Nordzee, the Poolstar and a few private houses along the north boulevard, as well as the construction of hotels and villas along and behind the south boulevard. In 1923 the 33 m high lighthouse, which is one of the landmarks of Noordwijk, was built. During the Second World War , colossal concrete walls were built as part of the Atlantic Wall as anti-tank barriers on the boulevards and crisscrossed the entire beach and dune area. Evidence of the Atlantic Wall, especially bunkers , can still be found in the dunes today. A radio and radio receiving station (Radio Nora / Noordwijk Radio) was built south of Langevelderslag at the beginning of the 20th century, which served as the most important radio station for contact with submarines during World War II . A landing site was also created. After the Second World War, the station continued to be used by the military, but is now unmanned.

After the Second World War until the beginning of the 1980s, the Noordboulevard consisted of three to four-story buildings. At the end of the 1970s, numerous hotels and private houses on the Noordboulevard were demolished and multi-storey apartment buildings and luxury hotels were built, such as the new Hotel Orange (five stars), which still characterize the townscape of the beach promenade on Queen Wilhelminaboulevard today. In 1976 the old Palace Hotel, which was characteristic of the place, burned down completely and was torn down. The Grandhotel Huis ter Duin also burned down in 1990 and was rebuilt together with a large apartment complex. With the demolition of the legendary Boule 7 discotheque, one of the oldest discos in the Netherlands, the nightlife on the north boulevard also ended in 1994. The southern Queen Astrid Boulevard remained almost unchanged.

The REM-eiland was built in 1964 10 km off the coast (outside the Dutch territorial waters) , which was the base for a pirate transmitter (TV Noordzee). The television film " Trimmel and the Tulip Thief " ( Tatort ) was shot here in 1976 . The station was dismantled in 2006.

Initially 18 km from the coast (then 14 km, visible) the offshore wind farm Luchterduinen was to be built, where after massive protests the distance was extended to 23 km from the coast. The wind farm is in operation.

politics

The last local election took place on November 21, 2018 as part of the incorporation of Noordwijkerhout . The citizens of the municipalities of Noordwijk and Noordwijkerhout were able to elect the new municipal council, which will in future consist of 27 members.

Distribution of seats in the municipal council

Local election on November 21, 2018
final end result
 %
20th
10
0
18.5
17.0
16.7
16.5
15.3
7.3
5.1
3.7
no
NZL
PUUR
LSN
Otherwise. i
Gains and losses
compared to 2014
 % p
 20th
 18th
 16
 14th
 12
 10
   8th
   6th
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
  -6
  -8th
-10
-12
-14
-16
-18
-20
+18.5
+5.4
+0.3
-16.3
+0.8
+7.3
-1.2
+3.7
-18.6
NZL
PUUR
LSN
Otherwise. i
Template: election chart / maintenance / notes
Remarks:
i PvdA / GroenLinks 0.0% (–9.3%), Noordwijk Zelfstandig 0.0% (–9.3%)

Since the local elections in 2018, the Noordwijk municipal council has been composed as follows:

Political party Seats
2002 2006 2010 2014 2018
NZLokaal - - - - 5
VVD 2 4th 6th 2 5
JES Noordwijk - - - -
CDA 4th 3 4th 3 5
PUUR Noordwijk - - 7th 8th 4th
Lijst Salman Noordwijk - - - 3 4th
GroenLinks 4th 4th 3 2 2
PvdA 1
D66 1 1
Noordwijk Zelfstandig - - - 2 -
Wat Noordwijk Wil - - 1 - -
Liberaal Noordwijk - - - -
ChristenUnie 1 1 0 - -
Welzijn en seniors - 2 - - -
JES Noordwijk - 2 - - -
Verenigd Noordwijk - 2 - - -
Noordwijk Totaal 8th 1 - - -
total 19th 19th 21st 21st 27

mayor

Wendy Verkleij-Eimers ( VVD ) has been the mayor of the municipality since January 27, 2020 . Her colleagues include the alderman Gerben van Duin (PUUR Noordwijk), Dennis Salman (Lijst Salman Noordwijk), Marie José Fles ( PvdA / GroenLinks ), Pieter-Jan Barnhoorn ( D66 ), Hans Bakker (PUUR Noordwijk) and the municipal secretary Lia van the pole.

sons and daughters of the town

gallery

  • Lighthouse in Noordwijk

  • The Noordwijk beach promenade

  • Street view: Heilige Geestweg-Raadhuisstraat

  • Germania Inferior, view of the former location of the Roman border fortification LUGDUNUM BARAVORUM - (Brittenburg) as the northern end point of the Limes

  • View of Noordwijk-Binnen from the water tower looking towards the inland

literature

  • Jeroen Salman: Aan zee en op de geest: Een nieuwe geschiedenis van Noordwijk , Stichting Geschiedschrijving Noordwijk, Noordwijk, 2011, ISBN 978-90-816502-2-9 .
  • Noordwijk: Webster's Timeline History, 1398–2007 , by Icon Group International, 2010.
  • EW Petrejus: De Bomschuit, een verdwenen scheepstype , 1954, Museum voor Land- en Volkerkunde and Maritiern Museum “Prins Hendrik”, No. 2.
  • Norma Broude (1990): World Impressionism: The International Movement - 1860-1920 , Harry N. Abrams, inc. ISBN 0-8109-1774-2 .
  • Ronald de Leeuw, John Sillevis, Charles Dumas (1983): The Hague School, Dutch Masters of the 19th Century. - Exhibition Catalog, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, London, ISBN 0-297-78069-7 .
  • Terry van Druten, Maite van Dijk, John Silveris: De aquarel - Nederlandse meesters van de negentiende eeuw. THOT, Teylers Museum and De Mesdag Collectie, Bussum 2015, ISBN 978-90-6868-673-9 .
  • Willem Bastiaan Tholen: Hollandsche Teekenmaatschappij. The Hague 1914.

Web links

Commons : Noordwijk  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Noordwijk  - travel guide

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Nieuwe burgemeester in Noordwijk. In: rijksoverheid.nl. Rijksoverheid, January 6, 2020, accessed January 27, 2020 (Dutch).
  2. ↑ Bevolkingsontwikkeling; regio per maand . In: StatLine . Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek (Dutch)
  3. ↑ [1] (English)
  4. ↑ Ex-Empress Soraya in Noordwijk (Dutch)
  5. ↑ Max Liebermann was the most important representative of German Impressionism.
  6. ↑ Jan Hillebrand Wijsmuller is attributed to both the Hague School and Amsterdam Impressionism from his oeuvre .
  7. ↑ The Hague School as Dutch Impressionism is one of these international art movements that lasted from 1860 to 1920.
  8. ^ Xi attended Netherlands-China Trade and Economic Forum
  9. ↑ Sustainable Tourism Destination EUCC [2] (PDF; 13.0 MB)
  10. ↑ The flood of February 13, 1552, which was repeated on the 14th, is the Pontians flood, which hit the Dutch coast hard.
  11. ↑ Leidsch Dagblad: Eindelijk op zoek naar castellum Brittenburg (Dutch) . April 26, 2012. Archived from the original on November 18, 2015 Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Accessed November 17, 2015. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.leidschdagblad.nl 
  12. ↑ a b c Stichting Geschiedschrijving Noordwijk, Noordwijk: Noordwijk: aan zee en op de geest: een nieuwe geschiedenis van Noordwijk . Ed .: Stichting Geschiedschrijving Noordwijk, Noordwijk. 2011, ISBN 978-90-816502-2-9 , pp. 528 (Dutch).
  13. ↑ Photos old Noordwijk aan Zee (Dutch)
  14. ↑ Atlantic Wall Museum Noordwijk
  15. ↑ Volnieuws: Back to Boule 7, July 19, 2012.
  16. ↑ http://www.omroepwest.nl/nieuws/22-05-2015/nieuw-windmolenpark-op-noordzee-al-bijna-klaar
  17. ↑ Herindelingen. In: kiesraad.nl. Kiesraad , accessed November 24, 2018 (Dutch).
  18. ↑ Peter van der Hulst: NZLokaal largest partij bij Verkiezingen in Noordwijk. In: Leidsch Dagblad . Holland Media Combinatie BV, November 22, 2018, accessed November 24, 2018 (Dutch).
  19. ↑ Gemeenteraad 19 maart 2014. In: Verkiezingsuitslagen.nl. Kiesraad , accessed November 24, 2018 (Dutch).
  20. ↑ Definitieve uitslag gemeenteraadsverkiezingen. In: stemvoornoordwijk.nl. Gemeente Noordwijk, accessed November 24, 2018 (Dutch).
  21. ↑ Allocation of seats in the municipal council: 2002 2006 2010 2014 2018 , accessed on November 24, 2018 (Dutch)
  22. ↑ Samenstelling college Gemeente Noordwijk, accessed June 7, 2018 (Dutch)