Willy Schmelcher

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Willy Schmelcher, here SS-Oberführer

Willy Schmelcher (born October 25, 1894 in Eppingen ; † February 15, 1974 in Saarbrücken ) was a German civil engineer , SS group leader , lieutenant general of the police, politician ( NSDAP ), police president and SS and police leader .

Career

The son of a master glazier successfully graduated from secondary school in Eppingen in 1911. Schmelcher studied at the building trade school in Stuttgart until 1914 . He took part in the First World War as a pioneer from August 1914 to September 1918 and was then a prisoner of war until January 1920 . After graduating from the secondary school in Stuttgart in 1920, he studied civil engineering. During his studies he became a member of the Borussia Stuttgart regional team in 1920/21 . In 1925 he graduated as a qualified engineer at the Technical University in Stuttgart . Then he prepared for the service for road and hydraulic engineering at the Württemberg ministerial department in Stuttgart. In 1927 he passed his state examination to become a government master builder in civil engineering. From 1927 he worked in Neustadt an der Haardt , initially for a water and sewage association, and from 1932 for a construction machinery company. Schmelcher married in 1934; the marriage resulted in at least four children.

Schmelcher was a member of the Wehrverband Bund Wiking from 1920 to 1928 . After the dissolution of the federal government, he joined the NSDAP ( membership number 90.783) and the SA in June 1928 . From 1929 to 1934 he belonged to the NSDAP parliamentary group in the Neustadt city council and became its chairman. In the SA from 1928 to August 1930 he was Gau leader for Baden . From 1929 to 1934 he was parliamentary group leader of the NSDAP in the city council of Neustadt. In June 1930 Schmelcher became a member of the SS (membership number 2648); two months later he left the SA with the rank of Standartenführer. In September 1932, Gauleiter Josef Bürckel installed the “more docile” Schmelcher as leader of the 10th SS standard in Kaiserslautern . Schmelcher's predecessor in office Theodor Eicke had been replaced in the course of the "Pirmasens bomb affair". Schmelcher remained leader of the standard until July 1935.

After the transfer of power to the National Socialists, Schmelcher became parliamentary group leader of the NSDAP in the Palatinate District Council in March 1933 and held this office until 1937. From November 1933 until the end of the NS regime in spring 1945 he was a member of the National Socialist Reichstag . From March 1935 to 1942 he was police chief in Saarbrücken. In the meantime, after the annexation of Austria in the spring of 1938, he was deputy district election officer of the party in Lower Austria.

During the Second World War , he did brief military service in 1940. After the German occupation of France , Schmelcher was entrusted with the administration of the Metz police chief from December 1940 to January 1942 . After the German attack on the Soviet Union , Schmelcher worked as SS and Police Leader (SSPF) in Chernigov from mid-November 1941 to early July 1943 and also as SSPF in Zhitomir from May 1943 to the end of September 1943. As SS group leader and lieutenant general of the police he was appointed in November 1943. In December 1944 he acted as a substitute as the Higher SSPF "Warthe" based in Posen . From October 1943 to the beginning of May 1945, Schmelcher was Hans Weinreich's successor as head of technical emergency aid in the main office of the Ordnungspolizei .

After the end of the war, Schmelcher was interned by the Allies. In January 1949 he was ultimately denazified as a minor offender . From 1954 to 1962 Schmelcher worked in the civil defense department in the Saarland Ministry of the Interior. Schmelcher died in Saarbrücken in February 1974.

literature

  • Joachim Lilla , Martin Döring, Andreas Schulz: extras in uniform: the members of the Reichstag 1933–1945. A biographical manual. Including the Volkish and National Socialist members of the Reichstag from May 1924 . Droste, Düsseldorf 2004, ISBN 3-7700-5254-4 , p. 564 f .
  • Frank Flechtmann: Technical emergency aid, air protection and forced labor. In: Arbeitskreis Berliner Regionalmuseen (Ed.): Forced Labor in Berlin 1938–1945 , Berlin 2003, pp. 141–153.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Berthold Ohm and Alfred Philipp (eds.): Directory of addresses of the old men of the German Landsmannschaft. Part 1. Hamburg 1932, p. 48.
  2. ↑ Michael Schepua: "Socialism of Action" for the "Bulwark in the West". Development and special features of National Socialism in the Palatinate. In: Yearbook for West German State History. 1999 (25), ISSN  0170-2025 , pp. 551-601, here p. 573.
personal data
SURNAME Schmelcher, Willy
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German civil engineer and politician (NSDAP), MdR, lieutenant general of the police as well as SS and police leader
DATE OF BIRTH October 25, 1894
PLACE OF BIRTH Eppingen
DATE OF DEATH February 15, 1974
Place of death Saarbrücken