Eyelash family
| Eyelash family | ||||||||||||
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Southern eyelash fern ( Woodsia ilvensis ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Woodsiaceae | ||||||||||||
| Herter |
The ciliate fern family (Woodsiaceae) are a plant family in the order of the spotted ferns (Polypodiales) within the class of the true ferns (Polypodiopsida).
features
The species of the Woodsiaceae family grow as perennial herbaceous plants . The species grow mainly on the ground ( terrestrial ). They have creeping, ascending or upright rhizomes with scales at the top. The leaf stalks have two vascular bundles that are elongated or crescent-shaped and facing each other. Towards the distal end of the petiole, the two vascular bundles unite to form a single channel. The leaf blades are uniform (monomorphic), rarely there are two forms (dimorphic). The leaf veins are feathery or forked, mostly free, rarely connected by anastomoses .
The Sori are abaxial (on the underside of the leaf) and are round, J-shaped or linear. The indusium is kidney-shaped, linear, but can also be absent. The spores are kidney-shaped, monolet (a scar). The perispora (outermost, subsequently deposited layer of the spore wall) is winged, ribbed or prickly.
Systematics and distribution
Taxonomy
The Woodsiaceae family was set up in June 1949 by Wilhelm Franz Herter in Revista Sudamericana de Botánica , Volume 9, Page 14. Type genus is Woodsia R.Br.
Botanical history
The size of the family varies depending on the author. In the scope of 2006 the family could also be paraphyletic with regard to the Aspleniaceae , to the Blechnaceae + Onocleaceae , and the Thelypteridaceae . Neither this possible paraphyly nor family monophyly were adequately covered in 2006.
To the extent of Smith et al. In 2006 the family comprised 15 to 16 genera with around 700 species, of which 85 percent belong to the two genera Athyrium and Diplazium . The family Woodsiaceae sl contained 15 to 16 genera in the old extent from 2006. Other families since 2011 Acystopteris Nakai , Anisocampium C.Presl (Syn .: Kuniwatsukia Pichi Sermolli , Microchlaena Ching non Wight & Arnott ), athyrium ( Athyrium Roth ), Cornopteris Nakai (Syn .: Neoathyrium Ching & ZRWang ) cystopteris ( Cystopteris Bernh . ), Deparia Hook. & Grev. (Syn .: Athyriopsis Ching , Dictyodroma Ching , Dryoathyrium Ching , Lunathyrium Koidzumi , Parathyrium Holttum , Triblemma Ching ), Diplaziopsis C.Chr. , Diplazium Sw. (Syn .: Allantodia R.Br. , Anisogonium C.Presl , Callipteris Bory , Monomelangium Hayata ), oak ferns ( Gymnocarpium Newman , Syn. Currania Copel. ), Hemidictyum C.Presl , Homalosorus Small ex Pic.Serm. Associated with, Pseudocystopteris Ching , Rhachidosorus Ching . These genera are divided into the families Athyriaceae (about five genera), Cystopteridaceae (it was established in 2001 and contains about four genera), Diplaziopsidaceae (it was established in 2011 and contains about three genera) and Rachidosoraceae (it was established in 2011 and contains only one genus ) posed.
Accepted system
Most of the approximately 43 species of the Woodsiaceae s family. st. are widespread in the northern hemisphere in temperate to cold areas. Few species occur from Central to South America , in Africa (only in Angola and South Africa ) and in Madagascar . In China there are three genera with about 24 species, nine of them only there.
Since Christenhusz et al. In 2011 the Woodsiaceae family has a smaller extent, which is also followed by the flora of China in 2013. The species of the three remaining genera are so closely related that it is possible that they all fall into the genus Woodsia sl.
The Woodsiaceae family contains only three or four genera with around 43 species since 2011:
- Cheilanthopsis Hieron. : The only three species are common in the Himalayas in India , Bhutan , Nepal , Myanmar and China . All three species occur in China, one of them only there.
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Protowoodsia Ching : it contains only one species:
- Protowoodsia manchuriensis (Hook.) Ching : It occurs in China, Korea , Japan and Russia .
- Eyelash ferns ( Woodsia R.Br. , Syn .: Hymenocystis C.A.Mey. ): The approximately 38 species thrive in the temperate and cool regions of the northern hemisphere and in the upper altitudes of the tropics in the New World, Africa and Madagascar. There are around 20 species in China, eight of them only there.
supporting documents
literature
- Alan R. Smith, Kathleen M. Pryer, Eric Schuettpelz, Petra Korall, Harald Schneider, Paul G. Wolf: A classification for extant ferns. In: Taxon. Volume 55, No. 3, 2006, ISSN 0040-0262 , pp. 705-731, abstract, PDF file .
- Maarten JM Christenhusz, XC Zhang, Harald Schneider: A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns. In: Phytotaxa , Volume 19, 2011, pp. 7-54. doi : 10.11646 / phytotaxa.19.1.2
- CJ Rothfels et al .: A revised family-level classification for euploypod II ferns (Polypodiidae: Polypodiales). In: Taxon , Volume 61, 2012, pp. 515-533. (only contains one genus there)
- Zhang Gangmin, Masahiro Kato, Alexandr Shmakov: In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China , Volume 2–3: Lycopodiaceae through Polypodiaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 2013, ISBN 978-1-935641-11-7 . Woodsiaceae , pp. 397–402 - online with the same text as the printed work.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Woodsiaceae at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed March 3, 2020.
- ↑ a b c d Maarten JM Christenhusz, XC Zhang, Harald Schneider: A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns. In: Phytotaxa , Volume 19, 2011, pp. 7-54. doi : 10.11646 / phytotaxa.19.1.2
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Zhang Gangmin, Masahiro Kato, Alexandr Shmakov: In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (ed.): Flora of China , Volume 2–3: Lycopodiaceae through Polypodiaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 2013, ISBN 978-1-935641-11-7 . Woodsiaceae , pp. 397–402 - online with the same text as the printed work.
- ^ A b Woodsiaceae in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved March 3, 2020.
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