Yves Marie Delage

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Representation of Yves Marie Delages on the site of the station biologique de Roscoff

Yves Marie Delage (born May 13, 1854 in Avignon , † October 7, 1920 in Sceaux ) was a French zoologist , physiologist and experimental embryologist .

Life

Yves Marie Delage was the youngest of five siblings from a civil servant family. He studied in Châtellerault , where he completed his baccalauréat de sciences in 1871. He continued his studies in Poitiers and Paris . In 1875 he married Louise Lebrun , daughter of a retired captain; he had three children with her. He received his licentiate in 1878 in the natural sciences, then in 1880 in medicine on the subject of "De l'origine des éléments figurés du sang chez les vertébrés. Historique de la question jusqu'en 1880 " doctorate . A doctorate in the natural sciences followed in 1881.

In 1878 he worked in the laboratory for zoology in preparation for the École pratique des hautes études . He went first as an assistant to the station biologique de Roscoff (laboratory for experimental zoology) and then in 1881 as a lecturer at the faculty of Paris. In 1883 Delage became a lecturer at the Faculty of Natural Sciences at the University of Caen and headed the zoological station of Luc-sur-Mer . He returned to Paris in 1885 and became a lecturer in the Faculty of Natural Sciences and, in 1886, professor of zoology, anatomy and physiology at the Sorbonne. From 1889 he headed the research of the laboratory for experimental zoology in Roscoff and was director there from 1901 until his death in 1920.

In 1884, he describes the very complex development cycle of Barnacle Sacculina carcini, Thompson, 1836. In 1889, he made important discoveries about the embryology and classification of sponges and sea urchins .

In an experiment in Roscoff in 1886, Delage showed that the Leptocephalus morisii, wrongly regarded as a separate species, were actually larvae of conger eels ( Conger conger , Linnaeus , 1758). He is also considered a protagonist of modern nuclear transfer experiments.

In 1902, Delage was involved in a debate on the Turin Shroud at the Académie des Sciences in Paris .

In 1895, Delage founded and directed the journal L'Année biologique , became a member of the Académie des sciences in 1901 and received the Darwin Medal in 1916. In 1900 he became chairman of the French Zoological Society and was a member of various scientific societies. He was an officer in the Legion of Honor and received honorary doctorates from the University of Krakow , the University of Aberdeen and the University of Geneva . Shortly before his death on June 21, 1920, he was elected an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh .

Works

  • Y. Delage: L'Appareil circulatoire des crustacés édriophalmes . 1881.
  • Y. Delage: Contribution à l'étude de l'appareil circulatoire des crustacés édriophthalmes marins . 1881.
  • Y. Delage: Evolution de la sacculine . 1884.
  • Y. Delage: Sur le système nerveux et sur quelques autres points de l'organization du Peltogaster . 1886.
  • Y. Delage: Embryogénie des éponges . 1892.
  • Y. Delage: Faune de Cynthiadées de Roscoff et des côtes de Bretagne . 1893.
  • Y. Delage: L'Hérédité et les grandsproblemèmes de la biologie générale . 1895.
  • Y. Delage: Traité de zoologie concrète . 6 volumes, 1896–1903.
  • Y. Delage: La Nature des images hypnagogiques et le rôle des lueurs entoptiques dans le rêve . 1903.
  • Y. Delage: Les Théories de l'évolution . 1909.
  • Y. Delage: Comment pensent les bêtes . 1911.
  • Y. Delage: La Parthénogénèse naturelle et expérimentale . 1913.
  • Y. Delage: Le Mendélisme et le mécanisme cytologique de l'hérédité . 1919.
  • Y. Delage: Le Rêve . 1920.
  • Y. Delage: La Structure du Protoplasma, les théories de l'Hérédité et les grandsproblemèmes de la Biologie générale . Schleicher, Paris 1895.
  • Y. Delage: Etudes sur la mérogonie . Arch. Zool. exp. gene. 7: 383-417. 1899.
  • Y. Delage, M, Goldsmidt: La parthénogenèse naturelle et expérimentale . 1913.

literature

  • JC Beetschen, JL Fischer: Yves Delage (1854-1920) as a forerunner of modern nuclear transfer experiments. In: The International journal of developmental biology Volume 48, Number 7, September 2004, pp. 607-612, ISSN  0214-6282 . doi : 10.1387 / ijdb.041827jb . PMID 15470632 .
  • JL Fischer, J. Smith: French embryology and the "mechanics of development" from 1887 to 1910: L. Chabry, Y. Delage & E. Bataillon. In: History and philosophy of the life sciences Volume 6, Number 1, 1984, pp. 25-39, ISSN  0391-9714 . PMID 6398874 .
  • JL Fischer: Yves Delage (1854-1920): l'épigenèse neo-lamarckienne contre la prédétermination weismannienne. In: Revue de synthèse / Center international de synthèse Volume 100, number 95-96, 1979, pp. 443-461, ISSN  0035-1776 . PMID 11634371 .
  • JL Fischer: Experimental embryology in France (1887-1936). In: The International journal of developmental biology Volume 34, Number 1, March 1990, pp. 11-23, ISSN  0214-6282 . PMID 2203449 .
  • JL Fischer: The embryological? Uvre of Laurent Chabry. In: Roux's Archives of Developmental Biology. 201, 1992, pp. 125-127, doi : 10.1007 / BF00188709 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ JC Beetschen, JL Fischer: Yves Delage (1854-1920) as a forerunner of modern nuclear transfer experiments. In: The International journal of developmental biology Volume 48, Number 7, September 2004, pp. 607-612, ISSN  0214-6282 . doi : 10.1387 / ijdb.041827jb . PMID 15470632 .
  2. ^ Y. Delage: Evolution de la sacculine (Sacculina carcini Thomps.) Crustacé endoparasite de l'ordre nouveau des Kentrogonides. Arch. Zool. exp. gene. 2, 1884: 417-736
  3. ↑ http://www.ijdb.ehu.es/web/paper.php?doi=041827jb&a=f
  4. ↑ Christophe Charle et Eva Telkes: Les Professeurs de la Faculté des sciences de Paris: dictionnaire biographique (1901-1939) , Institut national de recherche pédagogique (Paris) et CNRS Éditions, coll. "Histoire biographique de l'enseignement", 1989, 270 p. ( ISBN 2-222-04336-0 )
  5. ^ Fellows Directory. Biographical Index: Former RSE Fellows 1783–2002. Royal Society of Edinburgh, accessed October 21, 2019 .
personal data
SURNAME Delage, Yves Marie
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French zoologist
DATE OF BIRTH May 13, 1854
PLACE OF BIRTH Avignon
DATE OF DEATH October 7, 1920
Place of death Sceaux