Z 28
 1936 A model
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Z 28 was a 1936A destroyer ofthe German Navy .
Building history
The destroyer Z 28 was the sixth boat of the 1936A type ordered in May 1938. All eight boats of the class originated in the work of the Weser the Deschimag .
The two front 15 cm guns were to be set up in a twin turret. The production of these towers was delayed considerably. Since the Z 28 was designed as a flotilla command boat and the space for the third gun on the aft ship was required to accommodate the staff, the ship was given a different armament: Instead of the twin turret at Z 28 , two elevated single guns were installed in its place and on the aft ship had Z 28 , only two 15-cm single guns instead of three, as the other type 1936a-destroyer. In the further course of the war, two 2 cm quadruple flak were set up on this structure. To get a better field of fire for these anti-aircraft guns aft, the radio mast was moved from the rear superstructure to the front edge of the superstructure.
Use in Skagerrak and Kattegat
Z 28 put into service on August 9, 1941. From late 1941 to spring 1942 the destroyer drove patrols in Kattegat and Skagerrak as part of its training the crew to readiness for war.
Use in the North Sea
In April 1942, Z 28 drove escort devices off the Norwegian coast. On May 9, 1942, the destroyer went to Narvik in northern Norway with the Z 30 , T 5 , T 7 , the heavy cruiser Admiral Scheer and the supply ship Dithmarschen to join Combat Group II .
Early July 1942, took Z 28 part of the company Rösselsprung , the attack on the Nordmeergeleitzug PQ 17 , and later the destroyer was on a minelaying operation on the Matotschkinstraße with the destroyers Z 4 , Z 15 , Z 16 and the heavy cruiser Admiral Hipper involved .
On October 24, 1942, the Z 28 drove with the heavy cruiser Admiral Scheer from the northern Norwegian bow bay to Kiel for a shipyard overhaul. After the shipyard work, the destroyer accompanied the battleship Scharnhorst back to the bow bay with Z 5 , Z 15 , Z 24 , Z 25 and five torpedo boats .
On April 2, 1943, the destroyer hit the ground and had to go to Trondheim for repairs. On July 24, 1943, it was slightly damaged in an air raid on the Trondheim docks. The docks were badly hit, so that the destroyer had to move to Deschimag in Bremen for further repair work .
In January 1944, Z 28 and Z 30 were on patrol from Kristiansand, Norway, against transport journeys between England and Sweden.
Use in the Baltic Sea
On February 13, 1944, the destroyer moved to Reval . On March 10th he laid mines with Z 25 , Z 35 and Z 39 mines in the Gulf of Finland and one day later shot at a land target near Hungerburg . On March 15, the destroyer laid mines again in the Gulf of Finland. On July 30th and August 1st, 1944, Z 28 fired with Z 25 , Z 35 and Z 36 positions of the Red Army on the Gulf of Riga under fire control by the German army. The same destroyer group escorted the heavy cruiser Prinz Eugen when it fired at targets on the island of Ösel on August 5th , on the Courland coast on August 19th and in Tukkum on August 20th.
On September 16, 1944, Z 28 and Z 36 escorted the passenger ship Monte Rosa with refugees from Baltischport on board to Gotenhafen and on September 20, Z 28 supported the evacuation of Reval with Z 25 , four torpedo boats and six merchant ships, including 23,172 people 2080 on stretchers. On September 21st, Z 28 and Z 25 evacuated 370 people from Baltischport to Libau .
On September 22, 1944, Z 28 rejoined Combat Group I in the Baltic Sea and directed the last ships leaving the Aaland Sea to Gotenhafen. Soviet targets near Memel were taken under fire by the destroyer on October 10 and 23. The 22 and 24 October saw shelling of Soviet goals on the peninsula Sworbe , with 24 Z 28 was hit by a series litter of five bombs and the destroyer crew had nine complaining dead and many injured. Z 28 went to Swinoujscie for repairs . On November 4, 1944, the destroyer was placed under the command of the re-established 8th Destroyer Flotilla.
Ready for action again since February 25, 1945, Z 28 escorted the passenger ship Deutschland from Gotenhafen to Saßnitz on February 27 . After another escort on the same route, the destroyer was hit by two bombs in a British air raid amidships on March 6, 1945 in Saßnitz-Reede and sank, killing 150 crew members. The wreck was dismantled on site until 1953.
Commanders
August 9, 1941 to February 1943 Corvette Captain Hans Erdmenger
February to March 1943, frigate captain Hansjürgen Reinicke
March 1943 to January 1944 Corvette Captain Karl-Adolf Zenker
January to October 1944 frigate captain Heinrich Gerlach
December 1944 to March 4, 1945 Frigate Captain Karl-Heinrich Lampe
literature
- Ulrich Elfrath: German destroyers 1934–1945 - development deployment, whereabouts Podzun-Pallas-Verlag, Friedberg / H. without year.
- Erich Gröner , Dieter Jung [arr.]: The ships of the German Navy and Air Force 1939–1945 and their whereabouts. Bernard & Graefe, Bonn 2000 (9th, revised and expanded edition), ISBN 978-3763762156 .
- Hans H. Hildebrand, Albert Röhr, Hans-Otto Steinmetz: The German warships: Biographies - a mirror of naval history from 1815 to the present. Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft, Herford.
- Wolfgang Harnack: Destroyers under the German flag: 1934 to 1945. Koehler, Hamburg 1997 (3rd, revised edition), ISBN 3-7822-0698-3 .
- Gerhard Koop / Klaus-Peter Schmolke: The German Destroyers 1935-1945 , Bernard & Graefe, Bonn 1995.
- Volkmar Kühn: Torpedo boats and destroyers in action 1939–1945. The fight and destruction of a weapon. Flechsig, Würzburg 2006 (6th, ext. A. special edition), ISBN 978-3881896375 .
- Anthony Preston: Superdestroyers - the German Narvik type 1936. Warship special 2, Conway maritime press, Greenwich (1978), ISBN 0-85177-131-9 .
- Jürgen Rohwer , Gerhard Hümmelchen : Chronicle of the naval war 1939-1945. Manfred Pawlak Verlags GmbH (Herrsching 1968), ISBN 3-88199-0097 .
- Mike J. Whitley: Destroyers in World War II: Technique - Class - Types. Motorbuchverlag, Stuttgart 1991, ISBN 978-3613014268 .
Web links
- Germany 15 cm / 48 (5.9 ") Tbts KC / 36 and KC / 36T at navweaps.com (English, accessed October 9, 2015)
- Germany 3.7 cm / L83 (1.5 ") SK C / 30 on navweaps.com (accessed April 29, 2014)
- Germany 2 cm / 65 (0.79 ") C / 30 and C / 38 on navweaps.com (English, accessed April 29, 2014)
- "1936A" type destroyers (1940-1941) (accessed October 7, 2015)
Individual evidence
- ^ Preston: Superdestroyers , p. 72.
- ^ Preston, p. 67
- ↑ Ulrich Elfrath: German Destroyers 1934–1945 - Development Deployment Location Podzun-Pallas-Verlag, Friedberg / H. without year, page 55
- ↑ Ulrich Elfrath: German Destroyers 1934–1945 - Development Deployment Location Podzun-Pallas-Verlag, Friedberg / H. without year, page 55
Destroyer 1936: Z 17 Diether von Roeder | Z 18 Hans Lüdemann | Z 19 Hermann Künne | Z 20 Karl Galster | Z 21 Wilhelm Heidkamp | Z 22 Anton Schmitt
Destroyer 1936 A: Z 23 | Z 24 | Z 25 | Z 26 | Z 27 | Z 28 | Z 29 | Z 30
Destroyer 1936 A (Mob): Z 31 | Z 32 | Z 33 | Z 34 | Z 37 | Z 38 | Z 39