Zaya Pandita

Statue of Zaya Pandita in Elista , Kalmykia (Russia)

Zaya Pandita Nam-mkha'i-rgya-mtsho (* 1599 , † 1662 ) was a high cleric of Tibetan-Mongolian Buddhism and an important scholar of the Oirate tribe of the Choschut (Khoshuud). He is the inventor of a Mongolian script . He was an important religious representative of the oirat - Mongolian Lamaism and its early activist.

Life

Zaya Pandita was the 5th son (an adopted son) of the Choschut prince Baibagas . He worked in western Mongolia for the spread of Tibetan Buddhism . Baibagas Khan had adopted this religion in the early 17th century and decided that one of his sons would become a monk. In 1615 Zaya Pandita went to Lhasa and studied Buddhism there under the 4th Panchen Lama . In 1638 he left Tibet to preach in Mongolia. He also preached to the Torguten . In 1648 he created on the basis of traditional uiguro-Mongolian script the oiratische font or plain text or clear font (Mongolian: Тодо бичиг todo bitschig ) for the writing of the Mongolian . 1650–1662 he wrote his translations of 172 Buddhist works in this script. He died in 1662 on the way to Tibet.

In the biography of Zaya Pandita, the following instruction is passed down to his monks and disciples for their missionary work:

“Anyone who has worshiped Ongghot among the people you see will burn Ongghot and take horses and sheep from them. Take horses from those who have shamans hold smoke sacrifices. The shamans, however, smoke out with dog feces. "

literature

• Biography in the Corpus Scriptorum Mongolorum ( Mongol .)
• Zhaqi Siqin (Secen Jagcid) 札奇斯钦: Menggu yu Xizang lishi guanxi zhi yanjiu蒙古 与 西藏 历史 关系 之 研究 (Historical Relations between Mongols and Tibetans). Taibei: Zhengzhong Shuju Yinhang 1978
• Klaus Sagaster, "The History of Buddhism among the Mongols" (in the section on the spread of the Gelug school among different Mongolian tribes), in: Ann Heirman, Stephan Peter Bumbacher: The spread of Buddhism , BTE Part 8, Volume 16, Leiden 2007 , P. 379 ff.
• G. Tucci & W. Heissig: The religions of Tibet and Mongolia . Stuttgart 1970 ( The Religions of Mankind , Vol. 20)

Web links

• Zaya Bandida shengping jianjie ( Memento from September 5, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) (Chinese)
• Zaya Bandida zuoxiang (Chinese)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ www.oushe.cn: Zanya Bandida shengping jianjie ( Memento from September 5, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) (found on April 19, 2010)
2. ^ Translation by Walther Heissig , in: Tucci / Heissig (1970: 340)
3. ↑ See catalog entry at openlibrary.org and Junko Miyawaki-Okada (Tokyo University of Foreign Studies): " Historical Importance of the Biography of Zaya Pandita (Abstract) (PDF; 128 kB)"

Zaya Pandita (alternative names of the lemma)
Caya Bandida Nam-mkha'i-rgya-mtsho, Zaya Bandida Namkhaijamts