Colliery Flor & Flörchen
| Colliery Flor & Flörchen | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| General information about the mine | |||
| other names | Colliery Flor & Flörken | ||
| Information about the mining company | |||
| Employees | Max. 113 | ||
| Start of operation | 1855 | ||
| End of operation | 1872 | ||
| Successor use | United Flor & Flörchen colliery | ||
| Funded raw materials | |||
| Degradation of | Hard coal | ||
| Geographical location | |||
| Coordinates | 51 ° 23 '56.5 " N , 7 ° 4' 31.6" E | ||
|
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| Location | Heisingen | ||
| local community | eat | ||
| Independent city ( NUTS3 ) | eat | ||
| country | State of North Rhine-Westphalia | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
| District | Ruhr area | ||
The Zeche Flor & Flörchen is a former hard coal mine in Essen - Heisingen in the area of the reservoir arch. The colliery was also known as the Zeche Flor & Flörken and was created through the consolidation of the two decommissioned mines Flor and Flörchen . It was later part of the United Flor & Flörchen colliery .
history
The beginnings
In 1854 the two closed collieries Flor and Flörchen consolidated into the colliery Flor & Flörchen, in 1855 the colliery Flor & Flörchen was put into operation. After the mine went into operation, the first thing to do was to clear the old tunnel in Flöz Flor and then to drive it further . The tunnel was with door frames expanded and ended at a distance of about 220 meters from the Ruhr . It was excavated with a height of 1.55 meters and a width of 1.24 meters. In addition, the tunnel mouth hole was rebuilt. This had the dimensions 1.8 meters high and 1.2 meters wide, it was provided with a retaining wall made of Ruhr sandstone. The stones were built like an arch around the tunnel mouth hole. When the coal reserves above the bottom of the tunnel had been depleted , the mine went over to civil engineering in 1856 . However, initially only a provisional underground construction with a weather bed and a base section took place. In 1857, the sinking of a tonnage main underground excavation shaft in Flöz Flor (presumably Seam Sonnenschein) began.
The shaft was created with a rectangular shaft cross-section . A machine house was built over the shaft and a hoisting machine was installed. The hoisting machine was equipped with a horizontal cylinder and had an output of 40 hp . In addition, a water retention steam engine was installed. The machine was a single-acting steam engine with an output of 53 hp. The machine was able to pump up to 15 cubic feet of pit water from a depth of 100 puddles per minute . To supply both machines with the required steam, four steam boilers were installed. Already during the sinking work, mining was being carried out in the sunshine seam. In 1858 the shaft reached a thrust at a shallow depth , and it was now further sunk into the rock. At that time the mine belonged to the Essen Mining Authority. The first level was set at a shallow depth of 38 meters. In the same year, the second level (first underground level ) was set at a depth of 46 pools . Then the sinking work was postponed. The first underground excavation level was driven to the west, but the drive-up goal of reaching a special hollow was not achieved. Since the sale of coal by means of Ruhr shipping stalled, a horse-drawn railway was built. The horse-drawn tram connected the shaft with the Prinz-Wilhelm-Eisenbahn and brought a significant improvement in sales.
Operation in civil engineering
In 1859, production began in the new main civil engineering shaft. Funding was carried out by means of a conveyor platform that was moved in the shaft on iron wing rails. On stage two standing were each tram English type are placed. Each of these cars had a capacity of eight bushels . The coal extracted was transported to the coal mine on the Ruhr with a double-track horse-drawn train. From there the coal was transported by so-called barges over the Ruhr to the horse-drawn tram in Kupferdreh . In the years 1861 to 1862 a colliery with a forge and a joinery was built next to the machine house. The buildings were bricked from Ruhr sandstone in solid construction. In 1865, substation construction was carried out below the 2nd level . In order to be able to carry out the substation construction, a die was made in the same year. The die was driven by a steam engine installed underground. The machine had an output of ten hp and was supplied with steam from above. At that time the mine was part of the Werden mining district .
On April 11, 1866, the merger with the legitimate Rudolph and Neu-Dülmen took place. The ceremony of the two Berechtsamen on November 20 of that year. In the following year, a cut was driven up to the 3rd level, due to strong water inflows, the operation had to be partially stopped. In 1869 there were business interruptions due to machine damage. At that time the mine belonged to the Altendorf mining district. In the following year, the Flor & Flörchen colliery was shut down. Around the year 1871 it came back into operation with two tonnage shafts. In addition, the operating Stollenzeche Voßhege was taken over this year . On October 5th, 1872 the colliery Flor & Flörchen consolidated with the collieries Mühlmannsdickebank , Mühlmannsbank and Mühlmannsbänkchen. The mine, which was newly established as a result of the consolidation, was run under the name Zeche Vereinigte Flor & Flörchen .
Promotion and workforce
The coals extracted from the mine were very suitable as mixed coal, but also well unmixed for machine firing. The first known production figures of the mine come from the year 1854, 390 Prussian tons of hard coal were produced . The first workforce figures are from 1858, when there were 58 miners working on the mine. In 1861, 97 miners and six mining officials extracted 108,839 bushels of hard coal. In 1867 there were 113 miners who extracted 26,223 tons of hard coal. In 1870, 44 miners extracted 10,072 tons of hard coal. The last known production and workforce figures for the mine are from 1871, when 8,497 tons of hard coal were extracted with 62 miners.
Current condition
From the former Flor & Flörchen colliery, the tunnel mouth hole and the colliery house still exist today. The wall of the colliery was later covered with copper slate panels.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum 144) 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
- ↑ a b Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr. 4th edition. Publishing house Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor Hans Köster, Königstein i. Taunus 1994, ISBN 3-7845-6992-7 .
- ↑ a b c d e f Walter Buschmann : Collieries and coking plants in the Rhenish coal mining industry, Aachen district and the western Ruhr area. Gebr. Mann Verlag, Berlin 1998, ISBN 3-7861-1963-5
- ↑ a b Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eighth volume, publishing house of the royal and secret upper-court book printing house R. Decker, Berlin 1860
- ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Seventh volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1859.
- ↑ a b Horst Detering: From evening light to dwarf mother . 400 years of mining in Heisingen, 1st edition, Klartext Verlag, Essen 1998, ISBN 3-88474-739-8 .
- ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Fourteenth volume, published by the royal and secret upper-court book printing company R. Decker, Berlin 1866
- ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eighteenth volume, published by Ernst & Korn, Berlin 1870
- ↑ The coal of the Ruhr area . Compilation of the most important mines in the Ruhr coal mining area, specifying the quality of the coal mined, the rail connections, as well as the mining and freight rates. Second completely revised and completed edition, publishing bookstore of the M. DuMont-Schauberg'schen Buchhandlung, Cologne 1874
Web links
- Early mining on the Ruhr: Zeche Flor & Flörchen (accessed on August 22, 2013)
- Early mining on the Ruhr: historical map around 1840 (accessed on August 22, 2013)
- Early mining in the Ruhr: Map of the situation around 2000 (accessed on August 22, 2013)