United General & Erbstollen colliery
| United General & Erbstollen colliery | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| General information about the mine | |||
| Information about the mining company | |||
| End of operation | 1928 | ||
| Funded raw materials | |||
| Degradation of | Hard coal | ||
| Geographical location | |||
| Coordinates | 51 ° 25 '41.2 " N , 7 ° 8' 46.8" E | ||
|
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| Location | Dahlhausen | ||
| local community | Bochum | ||
| Independent city ( NUTS3 ) | Bochum | ||
| country | State of North Rhine-Westphalia | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
| District | Ruhr area | ||
Vereinigte General & Erbstollen was a coal mine in Dahlhausen . The name General goes back to Franz Sigismund von Elverfeldt (1640–1712), Lord of House Dahlhausen .
Beginnings as a heritage tunnel
In 1785 the general works and Zeche Sonnenschein built a joint heritage tunnel from the bank of the Ruhr. With the presumption of the General Erbstollen no. 5 1792 was started. In 1800 it had reached a length of 320 m. The General Coal Railway was built to transport the coal . The Erbstollenrecht was born on May 27, 1828 awarded . At this point the tunnel was already 3.2 kilometers long. Its tunnel mouth hole can be seen in the street “Am alten General” in Dahlhausen, and it reached in the east-north-east direction as far as the Weitmar area .
Transition to civil engineering
Around 1830 the mine went over to civil engineering . For almost half a century, a dozen more or less provisional tunnels with a correspondingly short duration were managed: Amalie (1832–1840), Adolphine (1834–184?), Göpelschacht Fridolin (1835–1848), Wilhelm (1836–1848) , Mohr (1843–1861), Gertrud (1843–1851), Elisabeth (1848–1855), Berger (1855–1875), Heinrich Albert (1861–1874), Königgrätz (1866–1894), Johannes (1872–1875) . The shafts migrated to the northeast as the length of the mining tunnel increased; if their area was charred, the next shaft was sunk , and the old shaft served for a while as a weather shaft, water pump and / or "hidden reserve" before it was shut down (so-called discarding ).
The colliery did not become firmly established until 1878 in the shape of the “Harz” shaft in the west of Weitmar on today's “Generalstrasse”. When "Harz" started mining, all other shafts were shut down within a short time except for "Heinrich Albert" (1861) and " Golgatha " as a weather shaft . In 1895 the name of the colliery was shortened to "Zeche General".
Bad luck at the turn of the century
At the end of 1896, the surface facilities at the "Harz" shaft were destroyed by a large fire and the shaft lining was badly damaged. It was not until 1898, after reconstruction of all relevant systems that could promote resumed. But only a short time later, a pump crash caused the shaft to be destroyed again, the repair of which took until 1899. From then on there were repeated accidents that repeatedly interrupted the production process.
In 1913 900 employees mined 246,000 tons of coal. This number was never to be reached again after the First World War .
End of dismantling
The mine has been one of the most important in Oberbergamt district Dortmund. Nevertheless, its time also ran out in the first coal crisis in the 1920s. In 1928 "Zeche General" was shut down, the shafts filled and the surface facilities demolished. The neighboring mine Castel Sant'Angelo took Berechtsame for the remaining outstanding coal mine field general.
The last accident at the “General” colliery occurred in 1931, three years after its closure: a water breakthrough to the “Castel Sant'Angelo” washed away the backfilling of shaft 2 - so the shaft was open again and had to be refilled in 1936.
Search for clues
In the north of Dahlhausen there are a total of 3 tunnel openings as well as various daytime buildings, especially "Am alten General".
To the east of Munscheid , on the “Am Moorschacht” road, there is still an operating building for the “ Mohr ” shaft .
Finally, in the southwest of Weitmar, the “Generalstraße” is reminiscent of the “Harz” mine. Of course there is nothing left.
See also: List of mines in North Rhine-Westphalia
swell
- W. & G. Hermann: The old mines on the Ruhr. 4th edition 1994, pp. 140/141
- Joachim Huske: The coal mines in the Ruhr area. 3rd edition, self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9
Individual evidence
- ↑ Michael Tiedt: United General & Erbstollen
- ↑ Walk through the historic mining of Bochum ( Memento from April 5, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
Web links
- Early mining in the Ruhr: Historical map around 1840 , accessed on December 12, 2018