Zhang Daqian

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Zhang Daqian ( Chinese  張大千  /  张大千 , Pinyin Zhāng Dàqiān , W.-G. Chang Ta-Ch'ien ; born May 10, 1899 in Neijiang , Sichuan , Chinese Empire ; † April 2, 1983 in Taipei , Republic of China (Taiwan) ) was one of the most renowned Chinese painters of the 20th century who achieved international fame. Its original name was Zhang Zhengquan張正權, later he used爰yuan and Jiyuan季爰as a first name, as well as several other stage name .

Life

In 1917, Zhang followed his older brother and went to Kyoto , Japan , where he learned drawing, printing and dyeing textiles. In 1919 he returned to Shanghai , China. He studied literature, calligraphy and painting with Li Ruiqing . He was a Buddhist monk for a while , his monk name was Daqian大千, which he later kept. In 1936 he received a professorship at the Art Faculty of the State Central University ( Zhongyang daxue ) in Nanjing .

At first he studied the so-called Four Monks from the beginning of the Qing Dynasty ( Zhu Da , Yuan Ji , Kun Can and Hong Ren ).

Zhang was well versed in the Gongbi style ( gongbi ) of traditional Chinese painting, which is characterized by fine brushwork : a master of landscape painting ( shanshui ), flower and bird painting ( huaniao ) and figure painting ( renwu ).

During the anti-Japanese war , Zhang studied various schools of painting, he later went to Dunhuang and studied there for three years the paintings of the cave chambers ( Mogao Grottoes , Yulin Grottoes , Western Thousand Buddha Grottoes ). He has expanded his artistic means of expression beyond the styles of the Song Dynasty , Yuan Dynasty , Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty to include those of the Northern Wei Dynasty , Sui Dynasty and Tang Dynasty .

Zhang later lived in Hong Kong , India , Argentina, and Brazil . Since 1972 he lived in the USA . In 1978 he returned to China and lived in Taipei , Taiwan , where he died in 1983.

The painter's daughter sued a recent television film about the artist "with his seven wives".

Illustrated books with paintings and calligraphy by Zhang appeared under the titles: Zhang Daqian huace (张大千 画册) and Zhang Daqian shuhua ji (张大千 书画 集). His works are highly valued in today's China. In May 2011 in Hong Kong, for example, his painting Lotus and Mandarin Ducks achieved the record price of HK $ 191 million, or around € 19 million.

Works by Zhang Daqian are in the Guangzhou Museum of Art .

literature

reference books

  • Cihai . Shanghai: Shanghai cishu chubanshe 2002; ISBN 7-5326-0839-5
  • Dunhuangxue da cidian [Great Dictionary of Dunhuangology]. Shanghai cishu chubanshe 1998

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ cf. Zhang Daqian yinzhang luokuan (found on May 6, 2010)
  2. ^ Cihai, p. 2141.
  3. ↑ chin. Hudong.com: Qingchu siseng 清初 四 僧 .
  4. ↑ 朱 耷
  5. ↑ 原 济; 1642- about 1710; originally Name Zhu Ruoji 朱 若 极, zi: Shi Tao 石涛; see. artdaily.org (found on May 6, 2010)
  6. ↑ Kūn Cán 髡 殘; 1612 - after 1674
  7. ↑ 弘仁; 1610-1663
  8. ↑ On these four painters cf. arts.cultural-china.com: Four Monks in the History of Chinese Painting ( Memento from March 25, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) & german.cri.cn: Painters through the ages - "Four highly educated monks" in the first years of Qing Dynasty and Its Works (found May 6, 2010)
  9. ↑ chinablaetter.info: March 4, 2006 (found on May 6, 2010)
  10. ↑ This work contains the following entries on Zhang Daqian (with page numbers): Zhang Daqian bianhao 张大千 编号 (numbering of the Dunhuang caves according to Zhang Daqian) 230, Zhang Daqian jiucang 张大千 旧藏 (collection of Zhang Daqian) 794, Zhang Daqian xiansheng yizhu Mogao ku ji 张大千 先生 遗 著 漠 高 窟 记 846, Zhang Daqian limo Dunhuang bihua 张大千 临 橅 敦煌 壁画 847, Zhang Daqian lino Dunhuang bihua zhanlan 张大千 临摹 敦煌 壁画 展览 885, Zhang Daqian 张大千 899
Note: This article places the family name before the person's first name. This is the usual order in Chinese. Zhang is the family name here, Daqian is the first name.
personal data
SURNAME Zhang, Daqian
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Chang Dai-chien
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Chinese painter
DATE OF BIRTH May 10, 1899
PLACE OF BIRTH Neijiang , Sichuan , Chinese Empire
DATE OF DEATH April 2, 1983
Place of death Taipei , Republic of China (Taiwan)