Delicate schiller grass

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Delicate schiller grass
Koeleria macrantha.JPG

Dainty Schillergrass ( Koeleria macrantha )

Systematics
Monocots
Commelinids
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Sweet grasses (Poaceae)
Genre : Schiller grasses ( Koeleria )
Type : Delicate schiller grass
Scientific name
Koeleria macrantha
( Ledeb. ) Schools.

The ornamental schiller grass or steppe schiller grass ( Koeleria macrantha ) is a plant species from the genus of schiller grass ( Koeleria ) within the sweet grass family (Poaceae).

description

illustration
Fruit cluster

Vegetative characteristics

The dainty schiller grass is a perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 10 to 70 centimeters. It forms gray-green, loose clumps . The renewal shoots stand individually and grow up within the leaf sheaths . Short, then subterranean runners are rarely formed. The stalks are bare, at most below the panicle and the knot with short hairs ( indument ).

The leaf sheaths are dense on the renewal shoots and give way to hair, or the hairs are long and protruding. Only the lower leaf sheaths are more rarely hairy. The leaf sheaths of the stalk leaves are usually short and softly hairy. The ligule is designed as a membranous border about 0.5 millimeters long. The leaf blade is rolled up, about 18 cm long and has a diameter of 0.5 to 1 millimeter. It can also be spread out, its width is then 1 to 2, rarely up to 3 millimeters. On both edges it is covered with protruding hair around 1 millimeter long.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from June to July, more rarely into August. The panicle inflorescence is dense, contracted and rolled with a length of 6 to 12, rarely up to 20 centimeters and a width of 5 to 30 millimeters. It is easily expanded to the anthesis ; in the lower part it can be lobed or interrupted, in the upper part it is narrowed. The 4.5 to 5 millimeter long spikelets contain two to four flowers. The florets fall individually from the glumes when the seeds ripen . The unequal glumes are glabrous, lanceolate and pointed. The lower glume is single-nerved and 3.5 to 4 millimeters long, the upper is three-nerved and 4 to 4.5 millimeters long. The three- veined lemmas are lanceolate and acuminate with a length of 3.5 to 5 millimeters or have an awning tip. The lower part of the lemma is smooth, the upper scabrous. The palea are the same length as the lemma. The anthers are 2 mm long.

The fruit ( caryopsis ) is 2.5 to 3 millimeters long.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 14, 28.

Distribution and locations

The ornamental schiller grass occurs in the New World in subtropical-subalpine areas, as well as circumpolar in the meridional to temperate zone, the degree of continentality ranges from c2 to c8 (from 10). In North America it occurs south to Mexico. In Australia it may be a neophyte .

The delicate Schillergrass occurs in Germany up to the foothills of the Alps . It is only more common here in the warmer areas. It grows in poor grasslands , on bushy slopes, on dry meadows , on paths , on forest edges and in pine forests . It is a light to partial shade plant, it shows drought and poor soil. In terms of plant sociology , it is a class characteristic of dry and semi- arid grasslands (Festuco-Brometea), as well as the pine forests of calcareous dry areas (Erico-Pinion).

In Austria it occurs from the colline to the montane altitude level . It is common in the Pannonian region , otherwise rare. It is missing in East Tyrol and Vorarlberg, as well as in Liechtenstein. In the Alps , the Bohemian Massif, the northern and southeastern Alpine foothills , it is classified as endangered. Dry grassland and steppe grassland are specified as locations in Austria .

Taxonomy and systematics

The first publication took place under the name ( Basionym ) Aira macrantha by Carl Friedrich von Ledebour . Other synonyms for Koeleria macrantha (Ledeb.) Schult. are: Aira cristata L. , Koeleria cristata (L.) Pers. , Koeleria gracilis Pers. , Koeleria cristata subsp. gracilis (pers.) Beck .

One can distinguish between two subspecies:

  • Koeleria macrantha subsp. macrantha : It occurs in the temperate zones of the northern hemisphere, south to Mexico.
  • Koeleria macrantha subsp. transsilvanica (Schur) A.Nyár. : It occurs in the Eastern and Southern Carpathians.

supporting documents

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Hans Joachim Conert: Parey's grass book. Recognize and determine the grasses of Germany . Parey, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-8263-3327-6 , pp. 378 .
  2. ↑ a b c d Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Koeleria macrantha. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  3. ↑ Eckehart J. Jäger, Klaus Werner (Ed.): Exkursionsflora von Deutschland . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 10th edited edition. tape 4 : Vascular Plants: Critical Volume . Elsevier, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Munich / Heidelberg 2005, ISBN 3-8274-1496-2 .
  4. ^ Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 .

Web links

Commons : Zierliche Schillergras ( Koeleria macrantha )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files