Zirconium (IV) chloride

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Crystal structure
Zirconium (IV) chloride
__ Zr 4+      __ Cl -
General
Surname Zirconium (IV) chloride
other names
  • Zirconium tetrachloride
  • Zirconium chloride (ambiguous)
Ratio formula ZrCl 4
Brief description

white powder smoking in air

External identifiers / databases
CAS number 10026-11-6
EC number 233-058-2
ECHA InfoCard 100.030.041
PubChem 24817
Wikidata Q205630
properties
Molar mass 233.03 g mol −1
Physical state

firmly

density

2.8 g cm −3

Melting point

437 ° C at 25.3 bar

Sublimation point

331 ° C

Vapor pressure

1.3 h Pa at 190 ° C

solubility

Decomposes in water

safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances
05 - Corrosive 07 - Warning

danger

H and P phrases H: 302-314
EUH: 014
P: 280-301 + 330 + 331-305 + 351 + 338-309 + 310
Toxicological data

1690 mg kg −1 ( LD 50ratoral )

Thermodynamic properties
ΔH f 0

−982 kJ mol −1

As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Zirconium (IV) chloride is a chloride of zirconium . It is a white powder that hydrolyzes rapidly in air . It is an important compound used in the manufacture of zirconium as well as other zirconium compounds.

Extraction and presentation

Zirconium (IV) chloride can be obtained by carbochlorinating zirconium dioxide . For this purpose, the zirconium oxide is converted into zirconium carbonitride ( zirconium containing carbon and nitrogen) in an electric arc with coke and then reacted with chlorine to form zirconium (IV) chloride.

The representation by chlorination of zirconium with chlorine at 650 ° C or with lead (II) chloride at 500 ° C is also possible.

Another possibility is the representation by reacting the oxide with gaseous carbon tetrachloride (in a nitrogen stream) at 450 ° C to 500 ° C:

properties

Physical Properties

Zirconium (IV) chloride has a polymer structure like hafnium (IV) chloride HfCl 4 . Its standard enthalpy of formation is −980.52 kJ / mol, its standard molar entropy 181.41 JK −1 mol −1 and its heat capacity 125.38 JK −1 mol −1 .

use

Zirconium (IV) chloride is used:

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d e Entry on zirconium (IV) chloride in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on February 1, 2016(JavaScript required) .
  2. a b c d Data sheet zirconium (IV) chloride (PDF) from Merck , accessed on August 30, 2007.
  3. a b W. S. Hummers et al .: Zirconium and hafnium tetrachlorides . In: JC Bailar, Jr. (Ed.): Inorganic Syntheses . tape 4 . McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1953, pp. 121-126 (English).
  4. ^ D'Ans / Lax: Taschenbuch für Chemiker und Physiker , Volume 1, Springer-Verlag 1967, p. 595.
  5. Georg Brauer (Ed.), With the collaboration of Marianne Baudler a . a .: Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd, revised edition. Volume II, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1978, ISBN 3-432-87813-3 , p. 1358.