Intermediate bridges
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Zwischenbrücken was 1849/1850 an independent municipality and is now a district of Vienna in the 2nd district of Vienna , Leopold city , as well as in Vienna's 20th district, Brigittenau . Part of the former location, which extended into the next part of the later 21st district, Floridsdorf , was demolished during the Viennese Danube regulation in 1870–1875 in favor of the new river bed of the main stream and the floodplain.
geography
The area of the historical Zwischenbrücken lies in the east of Brigittenau, in the north of Leopoldstadt and on the banks of the Danube in Floridsdorf.
As a census district of the official statistics, Zwischenbrücken today consists of seven census districts , which are located exclusively in the municipality of Brigittenau, with some deviations from the boundary of the former independent municipality . The boundaries of the census district are formed by the district boundaries to Floridsdorf and Leopoldstadt as well as, within Brigittenau, by the high-altitude railway of the northern railway .
history
The area owes its name to the location between two Danube bridges , the large Taborbrücke (near Floridsdorf) and the small Taborbrücke (near Mauthaus Am Tabor / Taborstrasse in the 2nd district), over which the trunk road from Vienna to Bohemia and Moravia ran. Its construction in 1698 and the fortifications in the northern floodplain of Vienna (Großer Tabor ) enabled the area to be settled.
The first houses and guard buildings were built by the toll guards and guards stationed here, and two guest houses were added later. These lived from the travelers and the carters. Several ship mills also settled on the north bank of the Taborau and on the neighboring Kaiserwasser at the small Taborbrücke.
Intermediate bridges belonged to the parish church of Leopoldau . Since it was often not possible for the toll officials to leave their post on Sundays, they demanded their own chapel. This wish was finally granted to them in 1769 with the construction of the Johannes Nepomuk Chapel . Christian Volkmann was used as a beneficiary. Under his successor Hennrichs, the chapel and the church treasury were plundered by the French in 1809 .
Opposite the chapel was an inn where Tsar Alexander of Russia , King Friedrich Wilhelm of Prussia and Emperor Franz I met on September 25, 1814 . As a reminder, the inn was named "To the Three Allies". In 1836 Zwischenbrücken was taken over into the newly founded parish Floridsdorf , after which the small town began to flourish.
After the construction of the Kaiser-Ferdinands-Nordbahn , which started operations here in 1838, the Nordbahn workshops were located in Zwischenbrücken. In addition, a machine factory, a gas works and a rolling mill were built. Leopold Stephan produced Austria's first rubber goods here in 1849.
In 1850, Zwischenbrücken was incorporated into Vienna and, together with Brigittenau, incorporated into the then established 2nd district, Leopoldstadt . The outer intermediate bridge (near Floridsdorf) fell victim to the Viennese Danube regulation and was removed from 1870 to 1875. Otherwise it would have been on the new floodplain ( inundation area ) of the Danube, today on the Danube Island , between the Floridsdorfer Bridge and the Nordbahnbrücke . The inner intermediate bridge on Kaiserwasser was also partially removed, as the streets (today the Innstrasse-Vorgartenstrasse intersection) did not fit into the grid planning parallel to the new Danube river. The resettled population was offered new living space in the Viennese suburbs of Donaufeld , Leopoldau and Kaisermühlen , all on the left bank of the regulated Danube. The popular entertainment establishment " Universum " near Taborstrasse had to give way to the Nordwestbahnhof in 1870 .
The area was quickly built up in the following period. In 1900, Brigittenau local politicians achieved the separation from Leopoldstadt and the establishment of the 20th district called Brigittenau. This separation led to the division of the historical intermediate bridges, since the new district boundary followed the street grid schematically; the part of Zwischenbrücke south of Innstrasse remained in the 2nd district. The historical place name still appears on city maps at the border between the 2nd and 20th districts, the coat of arms of the Zwischenbrücken is part of both district coats of arms.
In 1906 the parish of Zwischenbrücken was founded around the All Saints Church , which continued the name. In 2017 it was integrated into the parish of Zu Allen Heiligen (see also the list of parishes in the City Deanery 2/20 (Archdiocese of Vienna) ).
The last major development of the area took place, especially in Brigittenauer partial intermediate bridging the time of the First Republic in " Red Vienna instead of": There have been numerous public housing built-called municipal Wohnhausbauten.
Since 2000, Zwischenbrücken has entered a new phase of development. The two large freight yard areas of the former Nordwestbahnhof and the former Nordbahnhof , which have shielded the area from parts of the city closer to the center since 1838 and 1870, are no longer needed for rail traffic and are therefore converted into new parts of the city (see Nordbahnviertel ). As a result, intermediate bridges lose their peripheral location in the central city area.
coat of arms
The coat of arms of Zwischenbrück shows a red tongue which is surrounded by a golden halo . This is set with five five-pointed golden stars . In the coat of arms of Brigittenau the symbol appears on a silver background, in the coat of arms of Leopoldstadt on a blue background. This symbol stands for Saint John Nepomuk , the bridge patron. The Nepomuk Chapel, consecrated to the patron saint of bridge builders, which was originally located in intermediate bridges, was demolished in connection with the Danube regulation in 1875.
Personalities
- Anton Karas (1906–1985), Austrian zither player and composer
- Otto Clemens , Austrian actor and television announcer. Grew up on Universum Street and known as the voice from the Universe documentaries.
literature
- Felix Czeike: Historisches Lexikon Wien , Volume 1 and Volume 5, Kremayr and Scheriau, Vienna 1992 and 1997, ISBN 3-218-00543-4 and ISBN 3-218-00547-7
- Christopher Mavric: Between Bridges , Text: Oskar Aichinger, 152 pages, 70 ills., Fotohof Edition, Salzburg 2020, ISBN 978-3-902993-89-2
Web links
Individual evidence
Coordinates: 48 ° 14 ' N , 16 ° 23' E