Rushton, Staffordshire: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 53°09′36″N 2°05′36″W / 53.1600°N 2.0934°W / 53.1600; -2.0934
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{{EngvarB|date=July 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}}
{{infobox UK place|
{{infobox UK place|
| country = England
|country = England
| latitude = 53.1600
|coordinates = {{coord|53.1600|-2.0934|display=inline,title}}
| longitude = -2.0934
|official_name = Rushton Spencer
| official_name = Rushton Spencer
|static_image_name = Rushton Spencer.JPG
⚫
|static_image_caption = Rushton Spencer on the A523
| population = 485
|population = 485
| population_ref = (2011)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&b=11128107&c=Rushton&d=16&e=62&g=6465127&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1449845493468&enc=1|title=Civil Parish population 2011|accessdate=11 December 2015}}</ref>
|population_ref = (2011)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&b=11128107&c=Rushton&d=16&e=62&g=6465127&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1449845493468&enc=1 |title=Rushton (Parish): Key Figures for 2011 Census |work=Neighbourhood Statistics |publisher=Office for National Statistics |accessdate=11 December 2015}}</ref>
| static_image_name = Rushton Spencer.JPG
⚫
|civil_parish = Rushton
⚫
| static_image_caption = Rushton Spencer on the A523
| shire_district = [[Staffordshire Moorlands]]
|shire_district = [[Staffordshire Moorlands]]
| shire_county = [[Staffordshire]]
|shire_county = [[Staffordshire]]
| region = West Midlands
|region = West Midlands
|constituency_westminster = [[Staffordshire Moorlands (UK Parliament constituency)|Staffordshire Moorlands]]
⚫
| civil_parish =
|post_town = MACCLESFIELD
| constituency_westminster =
| postcode_district = ST13 8
|postcode_district = SK11
| postcode_area = ST
|postcode_area = SK
| post_town = [[Leek]]
|dial_code = 01260
| dial_code =
|os_grid_reference = SJ938625
| os_grid_reference = SJ938625
|london_distance =
| london_distance =
}}
}}
'''Rushton''' is a [[civil parish]] in [[Staffordshire]], England. The village within the civil parish, usually known as '''Rushton Spencer''', is about {{convert|4|mi||km}} north of [[Leek, Staffordshire|Leek]] and {{convert|7|mi|km}} south of [[Macclesfield]], on the [[A523 road]] which runs between these towns.
'''Rushton''' is a [[civil parish]] in Staffordshire, England. The village within the civil parish, usually known as '''Rushton Spencer''', is about {{convert|4|mi|km}} north of [[Leek, Staffordshire|Leek]] and {{convert|7|mi|km}} south of [[Macclesfield]], on the [[A523 road]] which runs between these towns.


The Parish Council does not yet have its own website; however, the Rushton Manor Courts Leet and Baron does record the Proceedings of the Parish Council, which include minutes and agendas.<ref>http://rushton-pc.uk/</ref>
The parish council does not yet have its own website; however, the Rushton Manor Courts Leet and Baron does record the proceedings of the Parish Council, which include minutes and agendas.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rushton-pc.uk/ |title=The Proceedings of Rushton Parish Council (Staffordshire Moorlands) &#124; The proceedings of the Parish Council including agendas, minutes and accounts published by Rushton Manor Courts Leet & Baron |website=Rushton-pc.uk |date= |accessdate=2017-03-02}}</ref>


At one time there were two adjacent civil parishes, Rushton Spencer and Rushton James. Rushton Spencer has the [[River Dane]] at its northern boundary with [[Cheshire]], and the road crosses the river at Hugbridge; [[Bosley Cloud]] is the western boundary. To the south, separated by a stream, is Rushton James, which is bordered by Long Edge in the west, and Ryecroft Gate in the east. The parishes were amalgamated in 1934 to form Rushton civil parish.<ref name=bho1>[http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/staffs/vol7/pp223-229 A P Baggs, M F Cleverdon, D A Johnston and N J Tringham, 'Leek: Rushton Spencer', in ''A History of the County of Stafford: Volume 7, Leek and the Moorlands'', ed. C R J Currie and M W Greenslade (London, 1996), pp. 223-229] British History Online, accessed 29 April 2015.</ref><ref name=bho2>[http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/staffs/vol7/pp219-223 A P Baggs, M F Cleverdon, D A Johnston and N J Tringham, 'Leek: Rushton James', in ''A History of the County of Stafford: Volume 7, Leek and the Moorlands'', ed. C R J Currie and M W Greenslade (London, 1996), pp. 219-223] British History Online, accessed 29 April 2015.</ref>
At one time there were two adjacent civil parishes, Rushton Spencer and Rushton James. Rushton Spencer has the [[River Dane]] at its northern boundary with [[Cheshire]], and the road crosses the river at Hugbridge; [[Bosley Cloud]] is the western boundary. To the south, separated by a stream, is Rushton James, which is bordered by Long Edge in the west, and Ryecroft Gate in the east. The parishes were amalgamated in 1934 to form Rushton civil parish.<ref name=bho1>[http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/staffs/vol7/pp223-229 A P Baggs, M F Cleverdon, D A Johnston and N J Tringham, 'Leek: Rushton Spencer', in ''A History of the County of Stafford: Volume 7, Leek and the Moorlands'', ed. C R J Currie and M W Greenslade (London, 1996), pp. 223–229] British History Online, accessed 29 April 2015.</ref><ref name=bho2>[http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/staffs/vol7/pp219-223 A P Baggs, M F Cleverdon, D A Johnston and N J Tringham, 'Leek: Rushton James', in ''A History of the County of Stafford: Volume 7, Leek and the Moorlands'', ed. C R J Currie and M W Greenslade (London, 1996), pp. 219–223] British History Online, accessed 29 April 2015.</ref>


There are two public houses in the village. The Knot Inn is on Station Lane, west of the main road; it is near the former railway station and used to be called the Railway Inn.<ref name=village>[http://www.rushtonspencer.info/Pages/RushtonSpencerHome.htm Rushton Spencer] www.rushtonspencer.info, accessed 23 April 2015.</ref> The Royal Oak is on the main road at the junction with Leek Old Road.
There are two public houses in the village. The Knot Inn is on Station Lane, west of the main road; it is near the former railway station and used to be called the Railway Inn.<ref name=village>{{cite web|url=http://www.rushtonspencer.info/Pages/RushtonSpencerHome.htm |title=Rushton Spencer |website=Rushtonspencer.info |date= |accessdate=2017-03-02}}</ref> The Royal Oak is on the main road at the junction with Leek Old Road.


A short distance south-east of the village, on Leek Old Road, is St Helen's Well. There is an old belief that when the well becomes dry, there will be bad times.<ref name=white1834>[http://www.rushtonspencer.info/Pages/Transcriptions/PDF/TD_1834_01.pdf White's Trade Directory 1834] www.rushtonspencer.info, accessed 29 April 2015.</ref>
A short distance south-east of the village, on Leek Old Road, is St Helen's Well. There is an old belief that when the well becomes dry, there will be bad times.<ref name=white1834>{{cite web|url=http://www.rushtonspencer.info/Pages/Transcriptions/PDF/TD_1834_01.pdf |format=PDF |title=Totmonslow Hundred Villages in Leek Parish |website=Rushtonspencer.info |accessdate=2017-03-02}}</ref>


==History==
==History==

===Medieval===
===Medieval===
The name Rushton, from [[Old English]], means a settlement by rushes.<ref name=bho1/>
The name Rushton, from [[Old English]], means a settlement by rushes.<ref name=bho1/>


The area was a single [[manor]] at the time of the [[Norman Conquest]]. The [[overlordship]] was held by the [[Earl of Chester|Earls of Chester]] probably by the late 11th century. [[Ranulf de Gernon, 4th Earl of Chester]] from 1129 to 1153, gave Rushton to [[Bertram de Verdun|Norman de Verdun]] of [[Alton, Staffordshire|Alton]].<ref name=bho2/>
The area was a single [[Manorialism|manor]] at the time of the [[Norman Conquest]]. The [[overlordship]] was held by the [[Earl of Chester|Earls of Chester]] probably by the late 11th century. [[Ranulf de Gernon, 4th Earl of Chester]] from 1129 to 1153, gave Rushton to [[Bertram de Verdun|Norman de Verdun]] of [[Alton, Staffordshire|Alton]].<ref name=bho2/>


Two manors existed by the early 13th century; the northern part, originally called Hugbridge, was held by [[Hugh le Despenser I|Sir Hugh le Despenser]] (hence the name Rushton Spencer), who paid [[chief rent]] to [[Ranulf de Blondeville, 6th Earl of Chester]]; by 1251 the rent was paid to [[Dieulacres Abbey]], near Leek, established earlier by Ranulf de Blondeville.<ref name=bho1/>
Two manors existed by the early 13th century; the northern part, originally called Hugbridge, was held by [[Hugh le Despenser (sheriff)|Sir Hugh le Despenser]] (hence the name Rushton Spencer), who paid [[chief rent]] to [[Ranulf de Blondeville, 6th Earl of Chester]]; by 1251 the rent was paid to [[Dieulacres Abbey]], near Leek, established earlier by Ranulf de Blondeville.<ref name=bho1/>


The southern part continued to have the Verduns as overlord; its name, Rushton James, was probably acquired from the tenant there, James de Audley. The manor house probably stood on the site of Rushton Hall Farm, which lies near the road between [[Congleton]] and Ryecroft Gate. This road, passing through Rushton James, was part of the medieval route known as the Earlsway, which linked this and other estates of the Earls of Chester. The Earlsway also passed through Leek, where the Earls of Chester were lords of the manor.<ref name=bho2/><ref name=bho3>[http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/staffs/vol7/pp84-169 A P Baggs, M F Cleverdon, D A Johnston and N J Tringham, 'Leek: Leek and Lowe', in ''A History of the County of Stafford: Volume 7, Leek and the Moorlands'', ed. C R J Currie and M W Greenslade (London, 1996), pp. 84-169] British History Online, accessed 29 April 2015.</ref>
The southern part continued to have the Verduns as overlord; its name, Rushton James, was probably acquired from the tenant there, James de Audley. The manor house probably stood on the site of Rushton Hall Farm, which lies near the road between [[Congleton]] and Ryecroft Gate. This road, passing through Rushton James, was part of the medieval route known as the Earlsway, which linked this and other estates of the Earls of Chester. The Earlsway also passed through Leek, where the Earls of Chester were lords of the manor.<ref name=bho2/><ref name=bho3>[http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/staffs/vol7/pp84-169 A P Baggs, M F Cleverdon, D A Johnston and N J Tringham, 'Leek: Leek and Lowe', in ''A History of the County of Stafford: Volume 7, Leek and the Moorlands'', ed. C R J Currie and M W Greenslade (London, 1996), pp. 84–169] British History Online, accessed 29 April 2015.</ref>


===Railway===
===Railway===
Line 45: Line 45:


==Churches==
==Churches==

===Church of St Lawrence===
===Church of St Lawrence===
[[File:St. Lawrence, Rushton Spencer - geograph.org.uk - 1028095.jpg|thumb|left|St Lawrence's Church, Rushton Spencer]]
[[File:Church of St Lawrence, Rushton Spencer.jpg|thumb|left|St Lawrence's Church, Rushton Spencer]]
[[File:St. Lawrence, Rushton Spencer - geograph.org.uk - 1028104.jpg|thumb|left|Interior of the church]]
[[File:St. Lawrence, Rushton Spencer - geograph.org.uk - 1028104.jpg|thumb|left|Interior of the church]]


The [[Anglican]] church of St Lawrence is on high ground south-west of the village, {{gbmapping|SJ934621}}. Because of this remote situation, it has been called "the chapel in the wilderness".<ref name=white1834/>
The [[Anglican]] church of St Lawrence is on high ground south-west of the village, {{gbmapping|SJ934621}}. Because of this remote situation, it has been called "the chapel in the wilderness".<ref name=white1834/>


It is known there was a church in Rushton Spencer in 1368: in that year, the bishop licensed the inhabitants to hold services. Until the mid 19th century the Rushton [[chapelry]], including Rushton James, Rushton Spencer and [[Heaton, Staffordshire|Heaton]], was dependent on Leek parish church. The chapelry became a parish in 1865.<ref name=bho1/><ref name=white1834/><ref name=church>[http://www.rushtonspencer.info/Pages/ParishHome.htm The parish of St. Lawrence the Martyr] www.rushtonspencer.info, accessed 29 April 2015.</ref>
It is known there was a church in Rushton Spencer in 1368: in that year, the bishop licensed the inhabitants to hold services. Until the mid 19th century the Rushton [[chapelry]], including Rushton James, Rushton Spencer and [[Heaton, Staffordshire|Heaton]], was dependent on Leek parish church. The chapelry became a parish in 1865.<ref name=bho1/><ref name=white1834/><ref name=church>{{cite web|url=http://www.rushtonspencer.info/Pages/ParishHome.htm |title=Parish records of St Lawrence |website=Rushtonspencer.info |date= |accessdate=2017-03-02}}</ref>


The existing building, which is [[Grade II* listed]], has medieval timber-framing and was rebuilt in sandstone in the 17th century. It has a [[nave]] of three bays; the [[chancel]] is not separated from the nave. There is a north aisle and a [[vestry]] in the west which has a timber bell turret above. There is a large stone font, probably of the 13th century, at the west end of the nave.<ref name=bho1/><ref name=blb>[http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-275357-church-of-st-lawrence-rushton-staffordsh Church of St Lawrence, Rushton] British Listed Buildings, accessed 29 April 2015.</ref>
The existing building, which is [[Grade II* listed]], has medieval timber-framing and was rebuilt in sandstone in the 17th century. It has a [[nave]] of three bays; the [[chancel]] is not separated from the nave. There is a north aisle and a [[vestry]] in the west which has a timber bell turret above. There is a large stone font, probably of the 13th century, at the west end of the nave.<ref name=bho1/><ref name=blb>{{NHLE|num=1191388 |desc=Church of St Lawrence |accessdate= 13 May 2020}}</ref>


In 1830 and 1841 the Archdeacon of Stafford recommended the demolition of the church, its replacement to be built at Rushton Marsh. Instead, the building was repaired in the 1840s; this included [[dormer window]]s placed in the south roof. The altar is of carved oak and was installed in 1923.<ref name=church/><ref name=blb/>
In 1830 and 1841 the Archdeacon of Stafford recommended the demolition of the church, its replacement to be built at Rushton Marsh. Instead, the building was repaired in the 1840s; this included [[dormer window]]s placed in the south roof. The altar is of carved oak and was installed in 1923.<ref name=church/><ref name=blb/>

Work to close up a door behind the altar in 1956 revealed a flight of steps leading down to the forgotten [[De Trafford baronets|Trafford]] family vault; at least one of the coffins had been plundered for its lead and silver.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ludchurchmyblog.wordpress.com/places-of-other-local-interest/rushton-church-graverobbers/ |title=Ludchurch: Rushton Church Grave Robbers? |website=ludchurchmyblog.wordpress.com |date= |accessdate=2020-07-30}}</ref>

St Lawrence is one of the churches in the United Benefice of Cheddleton, Horton, Longsdon and Rushton Spencer, of the [[Diocese of Lichfield]].<ref>[http://www.unitedbeneficechlr.co.uk/ "United Benefice of Cheddleton, Horton, Longsdon and Rushton Spencer"] Retrieved 4 June 2019.</ref>


===Methodist church===
===Methodist church===
[[File:Rushton Methodist Church - geograph.org.uk - 457906.jpg|thumb|Rushton Spencer Methodist Church]]
[[File:Rushton Methodist Church - geograph.org.uk - 457906.jpg|thumb|Rushton Spencer Methodist Church]]
[[Methodism|Methodist]] services were held in Rushton by 1798, and a Methodist chapel was built, in Alley Lane in Heaton near the boundary with Rushton, in 1816. It was replaced in 1899 by the present brick-built church in Rushton Spencer, on Sugar Street, east of the main road.<ref name=bho1/>
[[Methodism|Methodist]] services were held in Rushton by 1798, and a Methodist chapel was built, in Alley Lane in Heaton near the boundary with Rushton, in 1816. It was replaced in 1899 by the present brick-built church in Rushton Spencer, on Sugar Street, east of the main road.<ref name=bho1/>
{{-}}

==See also==
*[[Listed buildings in Rushton, Staffordshire]]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


{{Staffordshire|state=collapsed}}
{{Staffordshire|state=collapsed}}
{{Civil Parishes of Staffordshire Moorlands}}
{{Civil Parishes of Staffordshire Moorlands}}

{{authority control}}


[[Category:Villages in Staffordshire]]
[[Category:Villages in Staffordshire]]

Latest revision as of 07:26, 31 August 2021

Rushton Spencer
Rushton Spencer on the A523
Rushton Spencer is located in Staffordshire
Rushton Spencer
Rushton Spencer
Location within Staffordshire
Population485 (2011)[1]
OS grid referenceSJ938625
Civil parish
  • Rushton
District
Shire county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townMACCLESFIELD
Postcode districtSK11
Dialling code01260
PoliceStaffordshire
FireStaffordshire
AmbulanceWest Midlands
UK Parliament
List of places
UK
England
Staffordshire
53°09′36″N 2°05′36″W / 53.1600°N 2.0934°W / 53.1600; -2.0934

Rushton is a civil parish in Staffordshire, England. The village within the civil parish, usually known as Rushton Spencer, is about 4 miles (6.4 km) north of Leek and 7 miles (11 km) south of Macclesfield, on the A523 road which runs between these towns.

The parish council does not yet have its own website; however, the Rushton Manor Courts Leet and Baron does record the proceedings of the Parish Council, which include minutes and agendas.[2]

At one time there were two adjacent civil parishes, Rushton Spencer and Rushton James. Rushton Spencer has the River Dane at its northern boundary with Cheshire, and the road crosses the river at Hugbridge; Bosley Cloud is the western boundary. To the south, separated by a stream, is Rushton James, which is bordered by Long Edge in the west, and Ryecroft Gate in the east. The parishes were amalgamated in 1934 to form Rushton civil parish.[3][4]

There are two public houses in the village. The Knot Inn is on Station Lane, west of the main road; it is near the former railway station and used to be called the Railway Inn.[5] The Royal Oak is on the main road at the junction with Leek Old Road.

A short distance south-east of the village, on Leek Old Road, is St Helen's Well. There is an old belief that when the well becomes dry, there will be bad times.[6]

History[edit]

Medieval[edit]

The name Rushton, from Old English, means a settlement by rushes.[3]

The area was a single manor at the time of the Norman Conquest. The overlordship was held by the Earls of Chester probably by the late 11th century. Ranulf de Gernon, 4th Earl of Chester from 1129 to 1153, gave Rushton to Norman de Verdun of Alton.[4]

Two manors existed by the early 13th century; the northern part, originally called Hugbridge, was held by Sir Hugh le Despenser (hence the name Rushton Spencer), who paid chief rent to Ranulf de Blondeville, 6th Earl of Chester; by 1251 the rent was paid to Dieulacres Abbey, near Leek, established earlier by Ranulf de Blondeville.[3]

The southern part continued to have the Verduns as overlord; its name, Rushton James, was probably acquired from the tenant there, James de Audley. The manor house probably stood on the site of Rushton Hall Farm, which lies near the road between Congleton and Ryecroft Gate. This road, passing through Rushton James, was part of the medieval route known as the Earlsway, which linked this and other estates of the Earls of Chester. The Earlsway also passed through Leek, where the Earls of Chester were lords of the manor.[4][7]

Railway[edit]

The North Staffordshire Railway company's railway line between Leek and Macclesfield opened in 1849; it ran near the village, where there was Rushton railway station. It was closed for passengers in 1960 and for freight soon afterwards.[3]

Churches[edit]

Church of St Lawrence[edit]

St Lawrence's Church, Rushton Spencer
Interior of the church

The Anglican church of St Lawrence is on high ground south-west of the village, grid reference SJ934621. Because of this remote situation, it has been called "the chapel in the wilderness".[6]

It is known there was a church in Rushton Spencer in 1368: in that year, the bishop licensed the inhabitants to hold services. Until the mid 19th century the Rushton chapelry, including Rushton James, Rushton Spencer and Heaton, was dependent on Leek parish church. The chapelry became a parish in 1865.[3][6][8]

The existing building, which is Grade II* listed, has medieval timber-framing and was rebuilt in sandstone in the 17th century. It has a nave of three bays; the chancel is not separated from the nave. There is a north aisle and a vestry in the west which has a timber bell turret above. There is a large stone font, probably of the 13th century, at the west end of the nave.[3][9]

In 1830 and 1841 the Archdeacon of Stafford recommended the demolition of the church, its replacement to be built at Rushton Marsh. Instead, the building was repaired in the 1840s; this included dormer windows placed in the south roof. The altar is of carved oak and was installed in 1923.[8][9]

Work to close up a door behind the altar in 1956 revealed a flight of steps leading down to the forgotten Trafford family vault; at least one of the coffins had been plundered for its lead and silver.[10]

St Lawrence is one of the churches in the United Benefice of Cheddleton, Horton, Longsdon and Rushton Spencer, of the Diocese of Lichfield.[11]

Methodist church[edit]

Rushton Spencer Methodist Church

Methodist services were held in Rushton by 1798, and a Methodist chapel was built, in Alley Lane in Heaton near the boundary with Rushton, in 1816. It was replaced in 1899 by the present brick-built church in Rushton Spencer, on Sugar Street, east of the main road.[3]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Rushton (Parish): Key Figures for 2011 Census". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 11 December 2015.
  2. ^ "The Proceedings of Rushton Parish Council (Staffordshire Moorlands) | The proceedings of the Parish Council including agendas, minutes and accounts published by Rushton Manor Courts Leet & Baron". Rushton-pc.uk. Retrieved 2 March 2017.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g A P Baggs, M F Cleverdon, D A Johnston and N J Tringham, 'Leek: Rushton Spencer', in A History of the County of Stafford: Volume 7, Leek and the Moorlands, ed. C R J Currie and M W Greenslade (London, 1996), pp. 223–229 British History Online, accessed 29 April 2015.
  4. ^ a b c A P Baggs, M F Cleverdon, D A Johnston and N J Tringham, 'Leek: Rushton James', in A History of the County of Stafford: Volume 7, Leek and the Moorlands, ed. C R J Currie and M W Greenslade (London, 1996), pp. 219–223 British History Online, accessed 29 April 2015.
  5. ^ "Rushton Spencer". Rushtonspencer.info. Retrieved 2 March 2017.
  6. ^ a b c "Totmonslow Hundred Villages in Leek Parish" (PDF). Rushtonspencer.info. Retrieved 2 March 2017.
  7. ^ A P Baggs, M F Cleverdon, D A Johnston and N J Tringham, 'Leek: Leek and Lowe', in A History of the County of Stafford: Volume 7, Leek and the Moorlands, ed. C R J Currie and M W Greenslade (London, 1996), pp. 84–169 British History Online, accessed 29 April 2015.
  8. ^ a b "Parish records of St Lawrence". Rushtonspencer.info. Retrieved 2 March 2017.
  9. ^ a b Historic England. "Church of St Lawrence (1191388)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
  10. ^ "Ludchurch: Rushton Church Grave Robbers?". ludchurchmyblog.wordpress.com. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
  11. ^ "United Benefice of Cheddleton, Horton, Longsdon and Rushton Spencer" Retrieved 4 June 2019.
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