Žirmūnai
 district of Vilnius |
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| Coordinates | 54 ° 43 '28 " N , 25 ° 18' 34" E |
| surface | 5.7 km² |
| Residents | 47,410 (2001) |
| Population density | 8318 inhabitants / km² |
Žirmūnai ( Polish Żyrmuny ) is a district of the Lithuanian capital Vilnius , located north of the city center and on the western bank of the Neris .
location
Žirmūnai occupies about 1.4% of the total area of Vilnius. The district extends over 4.4 kilometers from north to south and about 1.5 km at its widest point. The southernmost point of Žirmūnai is only about 450 meters from St. Stanislaus Cathedral , which is in the center of the city. The Neris serves as the northern, eastern and southern borders. Four bridges delimit Žirmūnai:
- Valakampių tiltas
- Silo tiltas
- Žirmūnų tiltas
- Mindaugo tiltas
Despite the proximity of the city center, the bank of Žirmūnai is covered with dense deciduous forest that begins at Žirmūnų tiltas . The forest, which is at the northernmost point, is part of a botanical nature reserve within the Verkių regioninis parkas .
population
Demographics
With 47,400 inhabitants, Žirmūnai is the most populous district of Vilnius. According to the 2001 census, there were 21,363 private households in Žirmūnai, which is 2.2 residents per household. The population of Žirmūnai increased rapidly, mainly due to the construction of residential buildings in the Šiaurės miestelis , a section of the district.
ethnicities
In 2001 , 59.2% Lithuanians , 16.8% Russians, 14.4% Poles , 3.8% Belarusians , 1.7% Ukrainians , 0.8% Jews , 0.2% Tatars , 0.1% lived in Žirmūnai Latvians , 0.1% Armenians and 2.9% others.
Crime statistics
In 2005, 2,317 crimes were recorded in Žirmūnai. Thus, Žirmūnai has most of the crimes in Vilnius, behind the Old Town and Naujamiestis . According to the 2001 census population, this would be about 48.9 crimes per 1000 inhabitants per year. In terms of crime density, 406.5 crimes were recorded per 1 km².
Thanks to the Vilnius City Council's "Safe City" program, crime rates have decreased in Žirmūnai, as in all other parts of Vilnius. For example, 886 crimes were recorded in Žirmūnai in the first four months of 2005, compared to 2006, when only 672 crimes occurred during the same period, a decrease of around 24%.
The most common crimes recorded in the first four months of 2006 were:
- Theft (335 cases including 19 car thefts)
- Rape (259 cases)
- Robbery (44 cases)
- Assault (20 cases)
history
Žirmūnai includes three historic suburbs of Vilnius : Žvejai , Tuskulėnai and Šiaurės miestelis .
14th century - 19th century
The only glass factory in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania was located in the fishing village of Žvejai, which was settled in the late 14th century . After the construction of the first bridge over the Neris in 1563 (today: Mindaugo tiltas ), Žvejai became an integral part of the city of Vilnius.
The largest and oldest Jewish cemetery in Lithuania from 1592 was also in Žvejai. The cemetery was named Shnipishok (today: Šnipiškės ). Although the cemetery was officially closed in 1830, there were other burials.
During the rule of the Russian Empire in the 19th century, the Tuskulėnai Manor was inhabited by various noble families and high-ranking state officials. In the middle of the 19th century, the mansion became an inn that became a cultural center in Vilnius.
The area around the manor house was called Tuskulėnai (Russian: Tuskuljany ; Polish: Tuskulanum ).
A military occupation was occupied by the Russian Empire in the 19th century in Šiaurės miestelis (German: Northern Village ).
20th century
During the interwar period, when Vilnius was under Polish control, the southern part of Žvejai was called Pióromont . The entire area was called Žvejai or Rybaki (Polish: fisherman ).
A map of Vilnius published in 1942 while the city was under Nazi rule shows the northern part of Žirmūnai as Paneriškės , the middle section of Kareiviškės ("Soldier's Place"), and the southern part, near the Tuskulėnai manor , as Mantiškės.
The old Jewish cemetery in Žvejai stood in the way of expansion. Many tombstones were destroyed in 1950 when the Žalgiris Stadium was built . The cemetery was demolished in 1955 . The Vilna Gaon's bodies and several members of his family were relocated. The cemetery was the subject of an archaeological study in the late 1990s. A memorial stone was placed in the southeastern part of the former cemetery with an inscription in Yiddish and Lithuanian stating that the cemetery was erected in 1478 (the date is still controversial today).
21st century
Due to the Soviet principles of urban planning, Žirmūnai had one of the lowest proportions of single-family houses in the city (0.1%) according to the 2001 census. Of the remaining residents, 0.4% live in individual apartments, 0.7% in hostels, and almost 99% in apartments.
Šiaurės miestelis , a part of Žirmūnai, grew rapidly and is still one of the most desirable residential and commercial areas in Vilnius today.
Many of the military structures that were built in Šiaurės miestelis in the late 19th century have been preserved and thus have been restored. In the meantime, many buildings that did not hold up have been demolished during Soviet times, making space for new streets and apartments.
Investments
Parks and museums
Tuskulėnai Manor is the oldest preserved architectural structure in Žirmūnai. The mansion was built in 1825, based on a design by Karol Podczaszyński in neoclassical style. It consists of a main building, a warehouse, and several adjacent buildings, including a small chapel, St. Theresa, which is about 100 meters south of the main building. All of these structures were restored by 2009, and are part of the 7.5-hectare Tuskulėnų rimties parkas .
A computer museum was opened in 2001 in Žirmūnai by the software company UAB Sintagma and presents the history of Lithuanian computer science and hardware production. The museum has exhibits such as the EV-80, the first Soviet calculating machine made by Sigma.
Sports and entertainment options
Significant sports facilities in Žirmūnai are mainly the Žalgiris Stadium , which is the largest stadium in Lithuania. In summer you can row on the Neris River. Part of the route of the annual international Vilniaus maratonas runs along the banks of the Neris in Žirmūnai.
Commercial and industrial facilities
8.7% of all businesses in Vilnius can be found in Žirmūnai. The headquarters of TELE2 , one of the mobile communication operators in Lithuania, can be found there.
Rimi Hypermarket in Šiaurės miestelis is one of the largest shopping centers in Vilnius . There are many car dealerships in Žirmūnai, including some from Opel , Saab , Chevrolet and Nissan .
traffic
Žirmūnai is easily accessible from the transport network in Vilnius. Many buses and trolleybuses go to Žirmūnai. The UAB Vilniaus viešasis transportas bus depot is located in Žirmūnai. The winter port of Žirmūnai is located on the Neris .
Web links
- Administrative community Žirmūnai
- Streets and buildings ( Memento from April 14, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.stat.gov.lt/puslapiai/vasv/pdf/vs/05.pdf&date=2009-12-05+10:28:53
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated November 27, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated November 27, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ http://whatson.delfi.lt/archive/article.php?id=7133408
- ↑ Archive link ( Memento from October 28, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Archive link ( Memento from September 28, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Archive link ( Memento from September 28, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.stat.gov.lt/puslapiai/vasv/pdf/vs/05.pdf&date=2009-12-05+10:28:53
- ↑ Pagrindinė informacija ( Memento of February 6, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from September 30, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Page no longer available , search in web archives:
- ↑ http://www.worldstadiums.com/europe/countries/lithuania.shtml
- ↑ Marathon ( Memento from April 28, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
