Benzal chloride
Structural formula | ||||||||||||||||
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General | ||||||||||||||||
Surname | Benzal chloride | |||||||||||||||
other names |
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Molecular formula | C 7 H 6 Cl 2 | |||||||||||||||
Brief description |
colorless liquid with a pungent odor |
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External identifiers / databases | ||||||||||||||||
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properties | ||||||||||||||||
Molar mass | 161.03 g mol −1 | |||||||||||||||
Physical state |
liquid |
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density |
1.26 g cm −3 |
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Melting point |
−16 ° C |
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boiling point |
205 ° C |
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Vapor pressure |
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solubility |
very bad in water (200 mg l −1 at 20 ° C) |
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Refractive index |
1,550 |
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safety instructions | ||||||||||||||||
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MAK |
Switzerland: 0.015 ml m −3 or 0.1 mg m −3 |
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Toxicological data | ||||||||||||||||
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . Refractive index: Na-D line , 20 ° C |
Benzal chloride is a chemical compound from the group of aromatic chlorinated halogenated hydrocarbons (more precisely the chlorinated toluene derivatives ). It is in the form of a colorless liquid that fumes slightly in air.
Extraction and presentation
Benzal chloride can be prepared by radical chlorination (radical side chain halogenation) of toluene via benzyl chloride , whereby benzotrichloride is also formed.
With an optimized reaction procedure (one works below the boiling point of benzal chloride and chlorination under photochemical conditions in the gas phase), however, practically only benzal chloride is formed.
properties
Chemical properties
Benzaldehyde is formed by hydrolysis of benzal chloride :
Phenylcarbene is formed with strong bases .
Safety-related parameters
Benzal chloride forms flammable vapor-air mixtures at higher temperatures. The compound has a flash point of 88 ° C. The lower explosion limit (LEL) is 1.1 vol.% (75 g / m 3 ). The ignition temperature is 525 ° C. The substance therefore falls into temperature class T1.
use
Benzal chloride is used to make benzaldehyde , cinnamic acid, and others.
proof
Benzal chloride can be detected by gas chromatography .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Entry on alpha, alpha-dichlorotoluene in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on September 4, 2018(JavaScript required) .
- ↑ Benzal chloride data sheet from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on February 22, 2010 ( PDF ). .
- ↑ Entry on α, α-dichlorotoluene in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on February 1, 2016. Manufacturers or distributors can expand the harmonized classification and labeling .
- ↑ Swiss Accident Insurance Fund (Suva): Limits - Current MAK and BAT values (search for 98-87-3 or benzal chloride ), accessed on November 2, 2015.
- ↑ Benzal chloride data sheet from Acros, accessed on February 22, 2010.
- ^ Hans Beyer and Wolfgang Walter : Textbook of Organic Chemistry , 19th edition, S. Hirzel Verlag, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-7776-0356-2 .
- ^ Author collective: Organikum , 22nd edition, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 2004, ISBN 978-3-527-31148-4 .
- ↑ Manfred Rossberg, Wilhelm Lendle, Gerhard Pfleiderer, Adolf Tögel, Eberhard-Ludwig Dreher, Ernst Langer, Heinz Rassaerts, Peter Kleinschmidt, Heinz Strack, Richard Cook, Uwe Beck, Karl-August Lipper, Theodore R. Torkelson, Eckhard Löser, Klaus K. Bags: “Chlorinated Hydrocarbons” in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 2007 John Wiley & Sons, New York.
- ↑ Arbeitsicherheit.de: Procedure for the determination of α, α-dichlorotoluene (benzal chloride) ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .