45th parallel
The 45th degree of latitude is the circle of latitude on the earth's surface , the geographical latitude of which is the arithmetic mean between the equator (0 degrees) and the north or south pole (90 degrees).
geodesy
If you think of the equator as a circular area with the center of the earth as its center, then the 45th degree of latitude results at an imaginary angle of 45 degrees to this area as the circle of latitude on the earth's surface . According to the current international geodetic reference system World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS 84), the length of this circular line is around 28,385 km.
Due to the flattening of the earth , the distance to the equator is about 20 kilometers shorter than to the pole . Half of the imaginary distance on the earth's surface between the pole and the equator is at 45 ° 09 ′. The clear day lasts 15 hours and 37 minutes on the 45th parallel on the day of the summer solstice and 8 hours and 46 minutes on the winter solstice.
Geographical particularities
In the northern hemisphere , the 45th degree of latitude mostly meets land, in the southern hemisphere mostly water (95%). In North America, the northern 45th parallel forms the originally defined border between the province of Québec in Canada and the state of New York in the USA and between the two US states of Montana and Wyoming . The latitude and border with Canada also run through buildings such as the Haskell Free Library and Opera House in the village of Derby Line in northern Vermont . In Europe, the north 45th parallel is generally considered to be the northern border of southern France . After the USA, Mongolia is the state that this latitude crosses the second longest with a length of 1590 km.
The southern 45th parallel meets Argentina , Chile and New Zealand , and passes Australia to the south. Above water, it is the center line of the so-called Roaring Forties (Roaring Forties), the notorious westerly wind zone with clipper sailors, but popular because of its rapid progress, with prolonged storms and a lot of rain.
In many countries, signs on the roadside indicate the 45th parallel.
on the RN 21 , Dordogne department , France
45th Parallel Monument (Canada / USA)
on the Frankton-Ladies Mile Highway between Queenstown and Wanaka , New Zealand
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Web links
Individual evidence
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↑ Length of a Degree of Latitude and Longitude on Web.archive.org .
According to this source, the length of an arc is 45 ° geogr. Width 78,847 m. Multiply by 360 this results in 28,384.92 km. - ↑ Turin, Italy - Sunrise, Sunset, and Daylength, January 2020. In: timeanddate.com. Retrieved January 3, 2020 .