Aadu Hint

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Aadu Hint (actually Adolf Edmund Hint * December 28, 1909 . Jul / 10. January  1910 greg. In the village Külasema , Island Muhu ; †  26. October 1989 in Tallinn ) was an Estonian writer.

Life

Aadu Hint spent his childhood on the Kopli farm in the village of Kuusnõmme (today the rural municipality of Lääne-Saare ) on the largest Estonian island of Saaremaa . From 1923 to 1929 he attended high school in the island's capital Kuressaare . From 1929 to 1936 he was a primary school teacher in the village of Rootsiküla ( Kihelkonna municipality ). He then worked from 1936 to 1940 as a teacher in the southern Estonian city of Tartu .

Hint was close to Marxist ideas. 1940 Hint joined the Communist Party of Estonia (EKP). With the first Soviet occupation and the Sovietization of Estonia (1940/41) he took over the editing of the Viisnurk magazine . During the Second World War and the German occupation of Estonia (1941–1944) Hint fought in the Red Army . He later worked behind the front. At the end of the war he considered fleeing to Sweden, but ultimately decided to stay in Estonia.

Hint remained politically active during the Soviet occupation of Estonia (1944-1991). Among other things, he was a member of the Supreme Soviet of the Estonian SSR and the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. In 1944/45 he was briefly chairman of the Estonian Fishing Association. He then lived as a freelance writer in Tallinn, where he also died.

Aadu Hint is buried in the Kihelkonna cemetery on Saaremaa Island.

Private life

Aadu Hint was the older brother of the Estonian engineer and inventor Johannes Hint (1914–1985).

From 1937 to 1941 he was married to the Estonian poet Debora Trull (later Debora Vaarandi , 1916–2007). In his second marriage, Hint lived from 1941 to 1958 with the writer Minni Nurme (1917–1994). Hint got his third marriage with Elve Sooviste in 1961. Aadu Hint had eight children. The best-known daughter is the writer Eeva Park (* 1950), but Miina Hint (* 1945) and Päärn Hint (* 1943) are also active as authors .

Literary work

The early novels

After the publication of short prose in magazines, Hint published his first novel Pidalitõbi ('The Leprosy') in 1934 . His second novel Vatku tõbilas ('In the Leprosorium of Vatku', 1936) also dealt with leprosy , which still occurred on the island of Saaremaa in the first half of the 20th century.

Just a year later, Hint's psychological novel Kuldne värav ('The Golden Gate') was published. In 1939 he published the novel Tulemees ("The Fireman "), which depicts the life of seafarers. Life by the sea and at sea as well as the fate of the beach dwellers and fishermen run through Hint's entire literary oeuvre.

After the Second World War, Hint wrote the youth novels Vesse poeg ('The Son of Vesse', 1948) and Angerja teekond ('Der Weg des Eals', 1950). At the same time, Hint wrote a number of dramas, of which Tagaranna meeste kalakuunar ('The Fishing Cutter of the Men of Tagaranna', 1947) and Kuhu lähed, seltsimees director? ('Where are you going, Comrade Director ?, 1949) also published as a book. In his late work he devoted himself to Estonian emigrants who had left Estonia in the course of the revolution of 1905 with the subsequent punitive expeditions and who later return to the Soviet Union ( Oma saar [' My own island'], 1977, 1980).

The romantic tetralogy The windy coast

Between 1951 and 1966, Hint's main work, the novel Tuuline rand , appeared in four volumes (1951, 1954, 1960 and 1966). The work deals with the various fates of members of an extensive family of beach dwellers and fishermen from the last years of the 19th century to shortly before the outbreak of the Second World War. However, there is no continuous storyline, but each band has its own focus with its own main characters.

The first volume primarily describes the revolution of 1905 and its immediate prehistory. In doing so, the author succeeds in creating an exciting and vivid representation that hardly fits into the scheme of socialist realism . Nonetheless, the Soviet censorship authorities strongly criticized the novel because it did not sufficiently take into account the proletarian revolution and Estonian-Soviet friendship. The author has therefore added ten chapters in a new edition that deal with workers' life and the revolution in Tallinn, which, however, seriously disrupts the composition of the novel.

In the second part, which takes place in the years before the First World War , Mare, the daughter-in-law of one of the main characters of the first part, is at the center. At the same time, the rise of another main character from the first part, Tõnis Tihus, to become a big capitalist is shown. He seizes the islanders' ship, which was built in the first part of the community work, and tries to outsmart the villagers.

The third part takes place during the First World War. The main character is Joonas Tihu, another distant relative. He served in the tsarist army and matured through the events of the war and personal experiences to become a revolutionary, who ultimately died as a nameless soldier. He died in an attack against the Germans in 1918.

The fourth part is set in the interwar period. This time the main character is Enn Tihu, Mare's son from the second volume. At first he is still a student and then trained to be a teacher. As in his earlier novels, the treatment of leprosy is once again of great importance. A second main character is Joonas Tihu, Enn's younger brother. He leads a dissolute student life in Tartu and associates among other things in homosexual circles. His mother dies from it. For the Soviet censorship homosexuality was also a red rag, which is why the novel was heavily attacked. After that, the author was so discouraged that he no longer tackled an originally planned fifth part.

“Despite certain weaknesses”, Hint's novel fulfilled “an important function within the supposedly harmonized Soviet culture, in that it offered original Estonian literature in rich and humorous language.”

Parts of the novel were filmed in 1971 by the Estonian director Kaljo Kiisk . In the Soviet era it was school reading in Estonia and shaped many generations - and that in view of the rich language of the author, as Olev Remsu emphasized in his obituary.

Reception in German-speaking countries

Although Aadu Hint does not have an independent book publication in German, it has also been received in German to a modest extent. First of all, numerous translations of his texts in the magazine Soviet literature should be mentioned:

  • “The Last Pirate”, in: Soviet literature 12/1971, pp. 78–99.
  • "Eisgang", in: Sowjetliteratur 8/1972, pp. 77–90.
  • “You, the moon and the mother”, in: Soviet literature 2/1980, pp. 69–77.
  • “Two episodes from the life of Albert Kariste: a kopeck. Grenades. ”In: Soviet literature 2/1980, pp. 77–88.
  • “Full speed ahead”, in: Soviet literature 2/1980, pp. 88–92.
  • “From the ex-libris that I don't have yet, but hope to get soon”, in: Soviet literature 2/1980, pp. 92–96.

Almost as often there was written about Hint's work in the magazine “Sowjetliteratur”, three times about Die Windigeüste (5/1955, p. 215; 11/1955, pp. 165–171; 9/1966, p. 180-182). Later there is an appreciation of his complete works: Soja Krachmalnikova: Aadu Hint and his work, in: Soviet literature 10/1968, pp. 144–147.

Furthermore, a story by Hint is the cover story in an anthology published in 1975: “The Last Beach Robber”, in: The Last Beach Robber. Estonian stories from seven decades. Selected by Alexander Baer, ​​Welta Ehlert, Nikolai Sillat. Berlin : Verlag Volk und Welt 1975, pp. 408–438. The same translation by Viktor Sepp , albeit less carefully edited, appeared again four years later in an anthology published in Tallinn: Estonian Novellas . Selected by Endel Sõgel. Tallinn: Perioodika 1979, pp. 274-305. The story “About this exemplary peasant” has also been published in Tallinn, in: The benevolent protector of the skippers' people. Short Estonian prose from four decades. Selected by August Eelmäe. Tallinn: Perioodika 1984, pp. 17-22.

Hint is often represented in manuals and lexicons, most recently in the new edition of Kindler's Literature Lexicon .

bibliography

Catalog raisonné by Aadu Hint

  • Pidalitõbi ('The Leprosy'). Tartu: Loodus 1934.
  • Vatku tõbilas ('In the leprosy of Vatku'). Tartu: Eesti Kirjastuse Cooperative 1936.
  • Kuldne värav ('The Golden Gate'). Tartu: Eesti Kirjastuse Cooperative 1937.
  • Tulemees ('The Fireman '). Tartu: Noor-Eesti 1939.
  • Metshaned ('The Wild Geese'). Tallinn: Ilukirjandus yes art 1945.
  • Tagaranna-meeste kalakuunar. Sewing 3 vaatuses. ('The fishing trawler of the men of Tagaranna. Play in three acts'). Tallinn: Ilukirjandus yes art 1947.
  • Töömeeste portreid ('worker portraits '). Tallinn: Ilukirjandus yes art 1948.
  • Vesse poeg ('The son of Vesse. Youth history'). Tallinn: Ilukirjandus yes art 1948.
  • Kuhu lähed, seltsimees director? Sewing 5 pildis ('Where are you going, Comrade Director? Play in 5 acts'). Tallinn: Ilukirjandus yes art 1949.
  • Angerja teekond ('The way of the eel'). Tallinn: Eesti Riiklik Kirjastus 1950.
  • Tuuline rand ('The Windy Coast'). Tallinn: Eesti Riiklik Kirjastus 1951.
  • Tuuline rand I ('The Windy Coast I'). Tallinn: Eesti Riiklik Kirjastus 1952.
  • Tuuline rand II ('The Windy Coast II'). Tallinn: Eesti Riiklik Kirjastus 1954.
  • Hundid ja kitserahvas ('The wolves and the goat people'). Tallinn: Eesti Riiklik Kirjastus 1956.
  • Tuuline rand III ('The Windy Coast III'). Tallinn: Eesti Riiklik Kirjastus 1960.
  • Tuuline rand IV ('The Windy Coast IV'). Tallinn: Eesti Raamat 1966.
  • Oma saar [I] ('My own island [I]'). Tallinn: Eesti Raamat 1977.
  • Oma saar I + II ('Your own island I + II'). Tallinn: Eesti Raamat 1980.
  • Kogutud teosed 1-8 ('Collected Works 1-8'). Tallinn: Eesti Raamat 1975–1980 - also contains some previously unpublished plays.

Secondary literature

  • Kalju Leht: Aadu Hint. Lühimonograafia. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat 1975.
  • Helene Siimisker: Kaks kõnelust Aadu Hindiga, in: Looming 1/1960, pp. 125–136.
  • Pärt Lias: Kujutamisvõtteid A. Hindi “Tuulises rannas”, in: Keel ja Kirjandus 1/1970, pp. 1–14.
  • Ülo Tonts: “Tuulise ranna” tulek arvustuse peeglis, in: Keel ja Kirjandus 1/1980, pp. 1–8
  • Juhan Kangur: Aadu Hindist marksismita, in: Looming 1/1993, pp. 134-138.
  • Aksel Tamm: "Aga see oli üks mees" (III). Aadu Hint; in: Looming 4/2003, pp. 602-607.
  • Cornelius Hasselblatt : Stalini pikk vari üle tuulise ranna. Aadu Hindi "Tuulise ranna" kohandumine / kohandamine meie päevadeni, in: Kohanevad tekstid. Koost. yes toim. Virve Sarapik, Maie Kalda. Tartu: Eesti Kirjandusmuuseum 2005, pp. 271–284.
  • Toomas Haug: Lahkumine tuuliselt rannalt. Aadu Hint 100, in: Looming 1/2010, pp. 96-115.

Awards

Aadu Hint received numerous awards for his literary work. In 1950 and 1967 Hint was honored with the "State Prize of the Estonian SSR". In 1955 he was awarded the title of "Honored Artist of the Estonian SSR" and in 1965 the award of "Popular Writer of the Estonian SSR". In 1982 he won the " Friedebert Tuglas Novella Prize ". Hint was also a holder of the Order of Lenin .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Aksel Tamm: "Aga see oli üks mees" (III). Aadu Hint; in: Looming 4/2003, p. 606.
  2. ↑ Cornelius Hasselblatt: History of Estonian Literature. Berlin, New York 2006 ( ISBN 3-11-018025-1 ), pp. 554-556 and pp. 599-602.
  3. ↑ Cf. on this Cornelius Hasselblatt: 1905 in the Estonian Roman. In: Norbert Angermann , Michael Garleff , Wilhelm Lenz (eds.): Baltic provinces, Baltic states and the national. Festschrift for Gert von Pistohlkors on his 70th birthday. Lit, Münster 2005, pp. 321–342 ( Writings of the Baltic Historical Commission. 14).
  4. ↑ Cf. Cornelius Hasselblatt: The Fairy Tale of Socialism: How 'Socialist' was the 'New' Literature in Soviet Estonia? In: The Sovietization of the Baltic States, 1940-1956. Ed. by Olaf Mertelsmann. Tartu: KLEIO ajalookirjanduse sihtasutus 2003, pp. 227-236.
  5. ↑ Cornelius Hasselblatt: Stalini pikk vari üle tuulise ranna. Aadu Hindi “Tuulise ranna” kohandumine / kohandamine meie päevadeni, in: Kohanevad tekstid. Koost. yes toim. Virve Sarapik, Maie Kalda. Tartu: Eesti Kirjandusmuuseum 2005, pp. 271–284.
  6. ↑ Kalju Leht: Aadu Hint. Lühimonograafia. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat 1975, p. 79.
  7. ↑ Aksel Tamm: "Aga see oli üks mees" (III). Aadu Hint; in: Looming 4/2003, p. 606.
  8. ↑ Kindler's Literature Lexicon. Volume 7. Stuttgart and Weimar: JB Metzler 2009, p. 500.
  9. ↑ Olev Remsu: Aadu Hinti ei ole enam, in: Vikerkaar 1/1990, p. 95.
  10. ↑ Individual references in: Cornelius Hasselblatt: Estonian literature in German language 1784-2003. Bibliography of primary and secondary literature. Bremen: Hempen Verlag 2004, pp. 43–44.
  11. ↑ Cornelius Hasselblatt : Estonian literature in German translation. A reception story from the 19th to the 21st century. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz 2011, pp. 204–212.
  12. ↑ Kindler's Literature Lexicon. Volume 7. Stuttgart and Weimar: JB Metzler 2009, p. 500.
personal data
SURNAME Hint, Aadu
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hint, Adolf Edmund
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Estonian writer
DATE OF BIRTH January 10, 1910
PLACE OF BIRTH Külasema, Muhu Island
DATE OF DEATH October 26, 1989
Place of death Tallinn