Abbey garden (Quedlinburg)

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Abbey garden with the Brühl in the background

The abbey garden is a listed garden in the city of Quedlinburg in Saxony-Anhalt . It is one of the parks of the garden dreams of Saxony-Anhalt .

location

The site is located south of the Quedlinburger Schlossberg , north of the Brühl park . The abbey garden is registered as a garden in the Quedlinburg monument register. The Holländer-Graben , which is also a listed building, runs south of the site .

Plant and history

The area at the gates of the city of Quedlinburg was already in use in the Middle Ages . It served as the garden of the abbess of the Quedlinburg monastery . In 1720 it was probably built as a garden. According to a plan from 1769, the garden was designed in the Baroque style. There was a large water basin in the center of the facility. There were eight centrally located green areas that were separated from each other by paths. Four of the areas were provided with lawn, four with “ box tree foliage ”. The eight green areas were framed by boscets , areas planted like forests, which in turn were framed by hornbeam hedges. In addition, “golden box balls” and “fir pyramids” cut into a cone were described. In the area there were vegetable beds, fruit trees, as well as goose and currant bushes.

To the west and south of the garden, three large ponds had been created around 1720. Four elongated bodies of water stretched through the center of the complex from west to east. From 1750 to 1753, Heinrich Mette , who later co-founded the seed farming business in Quedlinburg, completed an apprenticeship as a gardener in the abbey garden with Johann Heinrich Ziemann .

A horticultural design can also be seen on a map from 1782, the Voigt plan, which referred to the Brühl to the south. This baroque design was preserved until the beginning of the 19th century.

When the monastery was dissolved in 1803, the garden was initially leased. In 1827, according to other information, in 1823, the area was sold to the former abbey gardener Samuel Lorenz Ziemann , who laid out a kitchen garden. The ponds were probably filled in during this time, and the southern exit, which is aligned with the central axis of the Brühlpark, was closed. The central water basin was preserved and probably served as a water reservoir. The middle way and the northern cross way were also preserved. Later the garden was also used for breeding research. The gardener family Dippe then took over the business. During this time, the garden gained importance as a center of international seed cultivation. Roofed wooden frames, racks , were set up in the garden . In them were cultivated plants to be pollinated. At the end of the 19th / beginning of the 20th century, the sandstone pillars still existing today were built at the entrance gates, as well as a fence with wire mesh in the execution of the old German scale mesh . In addition, two bridges were built over the Holländergraben.

In the period after 1945, the racks, up to those on the west side, and the large water basin were removed. The width of the north and south cross paths was changed. The garden area was cultivated intensively by machine. In 1950 the abbey garden was integrated into the agricultural and horticultural exhibition of the eastern Harz . The Institute for Plant Breeding, then the Institute for Breeding Research of the DAL, or AdL of the GDR in Quedlinburg, used the abbey garden as a breeding garden for the new breeding of flowers (e.g. asters) until around 1974, for the creation of new types of vegetables such as carrots , Onions and bush tomatoes and for experiments with pesticide mixtures until the institute was closed in December 1991. For this, the open air, foil tents and over 60 small greenhouses were used to insulate against cross-pollination. After 1992 the abbey garden was used by various seed companies for new and maintenance breeding. The seed company ISP Quedlinburg GmbH is currently the leaseholder of part of the area. The side facing Brühl to the right and left of the park axis is used by a Demeter company for vegetable growing.

After the political turning point in 1989 , the Abbey Garden came into the possession of the State of Saxony-Anhalt, from which it acquired the city of Quedlinburg in 2000. Together with the Brühl, the abbey garden became part of the Garden Dreams Saxony-Anhalt project. A large part of the area was leased to the Midgard organic nursery and a small part to saatzucht GmbH Quedlinburg . In 2003 the historic pool was exposed again. In 2004/2005 the area of ​​the abbey garden was examined by the State Office for the Preservation of Monuments and Archeology of Saxony-Anhalt, in particular the old water pipes to the basin and the remains of fortifications were found.

From 2005, the facility was redesigned with the aim of restoring the line of sight to the Brühl that existed in the Baroque period and making the abbey garden accessible to the public. Since the archaeological investigations, presumably due to the mechanical processing of the area, only produced a few concrete finds, it was decided to design the complex in a modern way, whereby the remains were included. While the routing is based on the old baroque garden, the right-angled flowerbeds, designed with wildflowers and summer flowers, are intended to remind of the use for growing seeds . A special aspect was the effect of the facility when viewed from the Schlossberg, which is particularly popular with tourists. A visitor parking lot was created on the north side of the abbey garden and the Abteigasse was newly paved. The GDR- era garages located here were demolished. At the same time, the fence on the north side was renewed according to the historical model and a two-wing gate was built. On the south side the fence was opened and a gate was added. A sandstone-clad bridge was built from precast concrete to overcome the Holländer Trench. The paths were bordered with 2,000 meters of band iron .

Above the historic water basin, a new concrete poured, sandstone-clad water basin with a diameter of 18 m and a volume of 17 m³ was built. The arrangement above the old basin was possible because the ground level of the garden is now about one meter above the level of the Baroque period. Eight wooden benches were set up around the basin, which the organic nursery is again using as a water reservoir. In autumn 2006, a 400 meter long hornbeam hedge was created to separate the horticultural areas from the rest of the garden.

The Bethunien stands and the Quedlinburg cold frames are of historical importance . The property fence is designed in a classical style.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Falko Grubitzsch in: Georg Dehio : Handbook of German Art Monuments . Saxony-Anhalt. Volume 1: Ute Bednarz, Folkhard Cremer and others: Magdeburg administrative region. Revision. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich et al. 2002, ISBN 3-422-03069-7 , page 763
  2. ↑ Manfred Mittelstaedt, Quedlinburg , Sutton Verlag Erfurt 2003, ISBN 978-3-89702-560-8 , page 96
  3. ^ Rolf Bielau, Vegetable breeding in the Institute for Plant Breeding, Mitteldeutsche Zeitung, January 2013, 3 episodes.

Coordinates: 51 ° 47 ′ 0.9 ″  N , 11 ° 8 ′ 3 ″  E