Adam Bohorič

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Monument to Adam Bohorič in Ljubljana

Adam Bohorič ( German Bohoritsch) (* around 1520 probably near Brestanica (until 1953 Rajhenburg, German: Reichenburg ), Slovenia; † November 20, 1598 in Alsace ) was the headmaster , author and philologist .

Life

Adam Bohorič: title page, Arcticae horulae, print, Wittenberg, 1584

The exact place of birth of Adam Bohorič is not known. According to today's view, he is said to have been born in the area of ​​the former Lower Styrian market town of Reichenburg (since 1953 Brestanica in Slovenia ), but older sources point his birthplace to Lower Carniola .

Adamus Bohorizh studied at the Artistic Faculty of the University of Wittenberg as a student of Philipp Melanchthon . After his return, he initially ran the Protestant school founded in 1551 in the Lower Carniolan town of Krško (formerly German: Gurkfeld) and took over the management of the Protestant estates that opened in the spring of 1563 when his predecessor Leonhard Budina retired for reasons of age -School in Ljubljana (German: Laibach) . Sebastian Krell (Crellius), a former student of Matthias Flacius Illyricus , also teaches at this school, which primarily taught Latin, music, religion and “other good arts” .

Bohorič expanded the teaching and endeavored: "to teach the students not only to read and write German and simple types of calculations, but also to teach Latin and Greek grammar including reading by the authors of both languages ​​and to introduce the students to all the good and liberal arts” . As rector , Bohorič drew up school regulations in 1568 that put his class school on an equal footing with the two other Ljubljana Latin schools , the Cathedral School of St. Nicholas and the School of the Teutonic Order and should enable graduates to study at German universities such as Tübingen or Wittenberg.

Bohorič felt it was a particular necessity that Slovene (regionally historically called Windisch or Carniolan ) should be more cultivated in schools. However, since the required textbooks were missing for a lesson, he wrote the “ Elementale Labacense ” or Abecedarium of Latin, German and Slovenian for the first class of his class , as well as the dictionary, the “ Nomenclatura trium linguarum ”, also for these three languages. In addition, during this time he also wrote the small treatise Otrozhia tabla intended for religious instruction . These three first Slovenian school books were printed around 1580 by Hans Mannel (Janž Mandelc) in Ljubljana. The spelling he developed under the name Bohoričica was decisive for Slovenian literature until the 18th century.

In 1582, Bohorič managed to finish schooling, which was arduous for his age, and to get a job as school inspector from the estates . On August 1, 1582, his successor, Nicodemus Frischlin , who moved from Württemberg to Laibach , took over the management of the class school.

Bohorič was now able to focus more on language studies and literature and, as a result of several years of work, was able to complete his grammar, which was written in Latin . As an excellent expert on the national language of Carniola, he supported his former student Georg Dalmatin in revising the first translation of the Bible and, thanks to his good relations with Wittenberg, was also able to organize the printing of the Bible . On April 10, 1583, Bohorič and Dalmatin traveled with three companions from Ljubljana via Klagenfurt , Vienna and Prague to Wittenberg , which they reached on May 20. The printing of the Bible began as early as May 28th and on the " Saturday before St. Martin's Day (1583) the work was completed after the hard work of the printer ".

Works

  • Elemental Labacense , (Laibach around 1580)
  • Nomenclatura trium linguarum Latinae, Germanicae et Sclavonicae , (Laibach around 1580)
  • Otrozhia tabla , (Laibach around 1580)
  • Arcticae horulae succisivae de latinocarniolana literatura , (Wittenberg 1584)

literature

  • Joachim Hösler: Slovenia , Regensburg 2006.
  • August Dimitz : History of Krain , 4 volumes, Laibach 1876.
  • Ludwig Theodor Elze :  Bohoritsch, Adam . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 3, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1876, p. 83.
  • Vlado Schmidt: Pedagoško delo protestantov na Slovenskem v XVI. stoletju , Ljubljana 1952. (Translation of the title: The educational work of Protestants in Slovenian in the 16th century )

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ J. Hösler: Slovenia, p. 45 fu 238
  2. ^ A. Dimitz: Geschichte Krains, III. P. 156
  3. ↑ his own notation
  4. ^ Schmidt: Pedagoško delo, p. 30
  5. ^ Schmidt: Pedagoško delo, p. 145
  6. ↑ Latinae, Germanicae et Sclavonicae
  7. ↑ limited preview in Google Book search & limited preview in Google Book search
  8. ^ A. Dimitz: Geschichte Krains, III. P. 168
  9. ^ A. Dimitz: Geschichte Krains, III. P. 202 f.
personal data
SURNAME Bohorič, Adam
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Teacher and philologist
DATE OF BIRTH 1520
PLACE OF BIRTH near Reichenburg
DATE OF DEATH November 20, 1598
Place of death Alsace