Dieksanderkoog

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Dieksanderkoog (Schleswig-Holstein)
Dieksanderkoog
Dieksanderkoog
Location of the Dieksanderkoog in Schleswig-Holstein.
Neulandhalle in Dieksanderkoog

The Dieksanderkoog is embanked in the years 1933-1935 Koog in the southern district of Dithmarschen , the part of the municipality today Friedrichskoog is. Until 1945 he was called Adolf-Hitler-Koog .

history

In 1935 the embankment of the Kooges obtained from the North Sea was completed. He was given the name Adolf-Hitler-Koog . This land reclamation was of particular importance in National Socialist propaganda for several reasons. On the one hand, the aim was to present Nazi Germany's peaceful will to rebuild, especially to critical foreign countries, while Germany was actually preparing for war . At the same time, it should be demonstrated that the National Socialist government would not claim foreign territory when it came to the important question of gaining new living space, but would limit itself to its own territory. On the other hand, the NSDAP Gau leadership under Hinrich Lohse was able to show that it was concerned with improving the situation of farmers who were able to acquire farm positions in the new country. The impetus for the naming came from the NSDAP local group Friedrichskoog , which had already submitted this proposal in April 1933.

The Adolf-Hitler-Koog should become a model Koog in the context of the National Socialist politics of blood and soil . Racial politics also played a crucial role in the land reclamation project. The choice of the new 92 settlers in Adolf-Hitler-Koog was made by the district farmer leader of the then Süderdithmarschen district personally on behalf of the Reichsbauernführer . Only convinced National Socialists from Dithmarschen received a settler position, as the National Socialist Koog community was to become a National Socialist model settlement and to the outside world should be a symbol of the National Socialist national community . People were selected who were preferably also members of the SA and SS and had already been in the NSDAP in 1931. The new settlers had to prove that they had " Aryan " ancestors from 1800 . The new Koog was inaugurated personally by Hitler on August 28, 1935. The new Koog was praised by the propaganda as a prime example of German politics. In particular, it was possible to point out that expansion of the area of ​​the empire was only planned with dyke construction measures. Numerous delegations of foreign politicians and journalists then visited the Musterkoog and were impressed by the staged community. Many onlookers also came from Germany itself. The volume of traffic in the Koog increased so much that the streets and paths had to be paved. Water pipes and electricity connections were also laid faster than usual because of the large number of visitor groups. Because of the outstanding propaganda importance of the Adolf Hitler Koog, the Reich Ministry for Public Enlightenment and Propaganda took over part of the costs. So the main street in the New Koog was paved with its means. With information brochures and films such as Trutz blanke Hans (1935) and Neuland am Meer (1938) as well as radio broadcasts from various locations on the west coast, the Propaganda Ministry made the topics of land reclamation and Adolf-Hitler-Koog known throughout the Reich.

Also in 1935, another sample koog was inaugurated on the Eiderstedt peninsula under the name Hermann-Göring-Koog (today: Tümlauer-Koog ). The Horst-Wessel-Koog (today: Norderheverkoog ) followed in 1938 .

According to these models, a total of 43 kögs were to be won within 100 years in order to create additional space for a total of 14,000 settlers. The plans for this had already been made during the Weimar Republic . The National Socialists kept this silent and presented the plans as their own ideas. The project was canceled in 1938 due to the high financial and time expenditure involved in reclaiming the land after the Horst-Wessel-Koog was completed.

The uninhabited parts of the communities Friedrichskoog, Kronprinzenkoog and Kaiser-Wilhelm-Koog as well as parts of the Adolf-Hitler -Koog , which was diked in between 1933 and 1935, became a new community on November 1, 1935 with the name Adolf-Hitler -Koog formed. The existing Friedrichskoog was incorporated into this new municipality on April 1, 1939. This community was renamed Dieksanderkoog on August 25, 1945 . On April 1, 1948, it was given the name Friedrichskoog, which is still valid today .

Buildings

In Adolf Hitler Koog own courtyards were built, on the one hand to the idealized notions of Germanic farmhouse oriented, on the other hand in their uniformity and uniform arrangement reminiscent of today's housing settlements. The Neulandhalle designed by the Kiel architect Richard Brodersen was built as a central location on a Wurt in 1935/36 . It is reminiscent of a Haubarg , which is actually a traditional form of building in Eiderstedt , but not in Dithmarschen. The hall, deliberately planned as an anti-church , was used for meetings and ideological training courses for farmers in the Koog and other members of the Reichsnährstand in the spirit of National Socialism. A large bell in a separate wooden bell tower called the peasants together like a church; this bell mysteriously disappeared in the post-war period . It is believed that it was hidden by farmers who sympathized with National Socialism. In the architectural implementation of National Socialist values, there was an imperial eagle with a swastika on the tower gable ; Larger-than-life statues of a soldier and a farmer were also attached to the outer walls on the north side. Most of the frescoes and exhibits, such as the oak bust of Adolf Hitler by Carl Schümann , were removed after 1945; only the dike construction fresco by the Altona painter Otto Thämer is still there. June 30, 2011 marked the end of the use of the Neulandhalle as a youth leisure center for the church districts of Norder- and Süderdithmarschen. From 2012 onwards, the Protestant Church and the State of Schleswig-Holstein had an investigation into whether a historical place of learning about Nazi propaganda could be set up at this location. The investigation was carried out by the Institute for Schleswig-Holstein Contemporary and Regional History (IZRG) under Professor Danker. On the basis of this elaboration, the state of Schleswig-Holstein agreed on April 7, 2017 with the parish of Dithmarschen and the Protestant Northern Church to build a memorial and a place of learning for the time of National Socialism at the site of the Neulandhalle. Uwe Danker was to set up the exhibition concept. The completion date should be May 2019.

Non-fiction

  • Lars Amenda: “People without space create space”. Racial policy and propaganda in the National Socialist land reclamation project on the west coast of Schleswig-Holstein . In: Information on contemporary history in Schleswig-Holstein . 45 (2005), pp. 4-31. (online at: akens.org , PDF; 228 kB)
  • Klaus Groth: The construction of the Adolf-Hitler-Koog - an example of National Socialist settlement construction . In: Erich Hoffmann, Peter Wulf (ed.): We are building the empire. Rise and first years of rule of National Socialism in Schleswig-Holstein . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1983, ISBN 3-529-02181-4 .
  • Frank Trende: New territory! was the magic word. New levees in Hitler's name. Boyens Buchverlag, Heide 2011, ISBN 978-3-8042-1340-1 .

Fiction

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 25-point program . Point 3: "We demand land and soil (colonies) to feed our people and to settle our excess population"
  2. ↑ Frank Trende: New territory! was the magic word. New levees in Hitler's name. Boyens Buchverlag, Heide 2011, ISBN 978-3-8042-1340-1 , p. 190.
  3. ↑ S. Lars Amenda: “People without space create space”. Racial policy and propaganda in the National Socialist land reclamation project on the west coast of Schleswig-Holstein . In: Information on contemporary history in Schleswig-Holstein. 45 (2005), p. 10.
  4. ↑ Lars Amenda: The inauguration of the "Adolf-Hitler-Koog" on August 29, 1935 - Land reclamation and propaganda during National Socialism . In: Dithmarscher Landeszeitung. August 29, 2005 ( online on the website of the Working Group for Research into the History of National Socialism)
  5. ↑ Klaus Groth: The construction of the Adolf-Hitler-Kooges - An example of National Socialist rural settlement. In Erich Hoffmann, Peter Wulf (ed.): We are building the empire. Rise and first years of rule of National Socialism in Schleswig-Holstein . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1983, ISBN 3-529-02181-4 . P. 317f.
  6. ↑ Lars Amenda: People without space create space. (PDF; 228 kB) In: Information on contemporary history in Schleswig-Holstein. Number 45, Spring 2005, pp. 4–31, p. 7.
  7. ↑ State Statistical Office Schleswig-Holstein (ed.): The population of the communities in Schleswig-Holstein 1867 - 1970 . State Statistical Office Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel 1972, p. 44 .
  8. ↑ Susanne Frömel : The country that bore Hitler's name. In: Mare . Mareverlag, June 2008, archived from the original on July 20, 2012 ; accessed on May 9, 2018 .
  9. ↑ Nordelbingen (Snipped View), Volumes 12-13, Boyens and Company, 1936, p. 28
  10. ↑ New perspectives for the Nazi building. In: Schleswig-Holstein daily newspaper. June 21, 2012.

Coordinates: 53 ° 58 '  N , 8 ° 55'  E