Adolf Smekal

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Adolf Smekal, in London in 1934

Adolf Gustav Stephan Smekal (born September 12, 1895 in Vienna , † March 7, 1959 in Graz ) was an Austrian physicist . He predicted the Smekal-Raman effect .

Life

Adolf Smekal (center), Bunsen Conference Munich 1928

Smekal was the son of a general and studied physics and chemistry at the University of Vienna and the University of Graz . After completing his habilitation with Michael Radakovic , he pursued further studies in physics and chemistry at the University of Berlin . From 1919 he was an assistant in Vienna and in 1920 he completed his habilitation in theoretical and experimental physics under Gustav Jäger . He was a professor in Vienna, at the University of Halle , at the TH Darmstadt and in Graz.

Smekal dealt with solid state physics and predicted the existence of scattering lines with shifted frequencies in 1923 , confirmed by CV Raman in 1928 and now called the Raman effect (or Raman-Smekal effect). He later investigated the influence of crystal defects in solids on the crystal properties in terms of catalytic properties, conductivity and mechanical strength .

Although he was a theorist, he made sure that a course in technical physics was created at the University of Vienna in the 1920s, which at that time satisfied the demand for urgently needed specialists, for example in tube electronics. The training was very well received. In 1931 he became a member of the Leopoldina .

Smekal was a sponsoring member of the SS from 1933 , a member of the German Christians until 1934 and joined the NSDAP in 1937 . Through the “Abderhalden Transport” he came to the Darmstadt region in 1946 together with Emil Abderhalden , Camill Montfort (1890–1956) and Theodor Lieser (1900–1973). Smekal represented Otto Scherzer's chair from January 1946 until his return in February 1949 .

Fonts

  • (Red. :) Part 1 quantum theory. and Part 2 Structure of the Related Matter. In: Handbook of Physics. Volume 24. Arrangement by H. Bethe [ua], Julius Springer, Berlin 1933 (2nd edition)
  • General basics of quantum statistics and quantum theory. BG Teubner, Leipzig 1926 ( Encyclopedia of Mathematical Sciences )
  • On the faulty structure of the X-ray series. (Preliminary communication), From the 2nd physik. Institute of the University of Vienna. [Dept .: Academy d. Sciences], A. Hölder, Vienna 1921
  • About Rutherford's X, and the deviations from Coulomb's law in close proximity to the elementary electrical charges. [Dept .:] Academy of Sciences, A. Hölder, Vienna 1921
  • About the dimensions of the a-particles and the deviations from Coulomb's law in close proximity to electrical charges. A. Hölder, Vienna 1920 [ed. 1921]
  • On the thermodynamics of condensed systems. Hölder, Vienna 1915
  • On the theory of X-ray spectra. On the question of the electron arrangement in the atom. Hölder, Vienna undated

literature

Web links

Commons : Adolf Smekal  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b A. Smekal: On the quantum theory of dispersion . In: The natural sciences . tape 11 , no. 43 , 1923, pp. 873-875 , doi : 10.1007 / BF01576902 .
  2. ^ Chandrasekhara V. Raman: The molecular scattering of light . University of Calcutta, 1922.
  3. ↑ Memories of Guido Beck, Oral History , the experienced science organizer and physicist Guido Beck even considers this to be one of Smekal's greatest achievements
  4. ^ Member entry of Adolph Smekal at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on March 4, 2016.
personal data
SURNAME Smekal, Adolf
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Smekal, Adolf Gustav Stephan (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian physicist
DATE OF BIRTH September 12, 1895
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH March 7, 1959
Place of death Graz