Agios Andreas (Messini)

Agios Andreas
Άγιος Ανδρέας

Basic data

Greece

Messini

Epia

Longa

Geographic coordinates

36 ° 52 ′ N , 21 ° 55 ′ E Coordinates: 36 ° 52 ′ N , 21 ° 55 ′ E

Residents

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Agios Andreas ( Greek Άγιος Ανδρέας ( m. Sg. )) Is a coastal town in the village of Longa in the municipality of Messini in the Greek region of Peloponnese . The remains of an ancient Temple of Apollo were excavated here at the Chapel of Agiandreas ('Αγιαντρέας).

location

Agios Andreas is located on the Messenian Gulf . Road 9 from Petalidi to Koroni runs through the village in a north-south direction . In the village, highway 12 branches off to Longa, just under one and a half kilometers to the west .

history

Sanctuary of Apollo

buildings

The Apollo sanctuary was explored in 1915 by the Greek archaeologist Friderikos Versakis. The excavation covers two areas that are about 40 meters apart. Versakis found the remains of five ancient temples , which he designated with the Greek letters A – E, as well as traces of other buildings.

The oldest temple Δ, an early archaic one , around 700 BC. Antent temple built in BC , was excavated in the southern area. Only the foundations have been preserved from him. After the demolition or destruction of this temple, building Ε was erected southeast of it, which was either a temple or probably an outbuilding of the temple B excavated in the north area and dates back to the second half of the 7th century BC. Can be dated BC. These two buildings face northeast, while all other buildings face east.

In the second half of the 6th century BC The temple Γ was built in the southern area over the remains of the buildings Δ and Ε. In the 4th century BC The Ionic temple A was built in the northern area, west of the temple B. During the Roman period , a new building was erected above it.

In the Byzantine period , a three-aisled church was built over Temple Γ. Today there is the Ajandréas chapel.

Finds

The oldest finds can be dated to the end of the Geometric epoch , the most recent to the 4th century AD.

During the Archaic and Classical times , weapons in particular - swords, knives and spear and arrowheads - were sacrificed here, dating from the end of the 8th century BC. Until the middle of the 5th century BC. To be dated.

Other noteworthy finds are the statuette of a hoplite from the third quarter of the 6th century BC. As well as a naked kouros from the middle of the 6th century BC. According to Nino Luraghi , the finds show remarkable stylistic similarities with finds from the Spartan Apollo shrine in Amyklai .

The inscriptions found here testify that it is a sanctuary of Apollo ( ΑΠΕΛΛΟΝΟΣ ΗΙΑΡΟΝ ). His epithet is in the inscriptions dating back to 500 BC. Date to the 2nd century AD, Korynthos, Corythos and Korithos. A dedicatory inscription also names the god of war Enyalios . Finally, a dedicatory inscription mentions a victory of the Messenians ( ΜΕΘΑΝΙΟΙ ) over the Athenians.

Pausanias

The sanctuary of Apollon Korynthos ( Κόρυνϑος ) is only mentioned by Pausanias. He wrote that this is the oldest sanctuary in Messenia and that the image of the god worshiped here was made of wood, i.e. a Xoanon . There was also a bronze statue of Argeotas here, which the Argonauts are said to have consecrated.

Corythos

The epithet Korythos is associated with the ancient Greek korys ( κόρυς , Gen .: κόρυθος "helmet"), but this is uncertain because of the different spellings of the name. It is also believed that there could be a connection with the Mycenaean place name ko-ri-to ( Kornithos PY Ad 921).

Modern times

Agios Andreas was incorporated into the municipality of Epia in 1908 , became part of the rural municipality of Longa in 1912 and has been part of the village of Longia since 1971.

swell

Pausanias: Travels in Greece 4,34,7.

Individual evidence

^ Holger Baitinger: Consecrations of weapons in Greek sanctuaries. RGZM, Mainz 2011, ISBN 978-3-88467-174-0 , p. 60.
^ Nino Luraghi: Becoming a Messenia , p. 52
^ Nino Luraghi: The Ancient Messenians. Constructions of Ethnicity and Memory . Cambridge 2008. p. 118
↑ Robert Bauslagh: Messenian Dialect and Dedications of the "Methanioi". In: Hesperia . Vol. 59, 1990, pp. 661-668.
^ John Bennet : The Geography of the Mycenaean Kingdoms. In: Yves Duhoux , Anna Morpurgo Davies : A Companion to Linear B. Mycenaean Greek Texts and Their World. Volume 2. Peeters, Löwen 2001, ISBN 978-90429-2403-1 , pp. 144 f.
↑ Κεντρική Ένωση Κεντρική Ένωση Δήμων και Κοινοτήτων Ελλάδας (ΚΕΔΚΕ) Ελληνική Εταιρία Τοπικής Ανάπτυξης και Αυτοδιοίκησης (ΕΕΤΑΑ) (ed.): Λεξικό Διοικητικών Μεταβολών των Δήμων και Κοινοτήτων (1912-2001). Volume 1 (Τόμος Α, α – κ), Athens 2002, ISBN 960-7509-47-1 , Volume 2 (Τόμος Β, λ – ω), p. 44.

literature

Friderikos Versakis: Το ἰερόν του Κορύνθου Απολλώνος. In: Archaiologikon Deltion. Volume 2, 1916, pp. 65-118. on-line
Robert Bauslagh: Messenian Dialect and Dedications of the "Methanioi". In: Hesperia . Vol. 59, 1990, pp. 661-668.
Nino Luraghi : Becoming Messenian. In: The Journal of Hellenic Studies . Vol. 122, 2002, pp. 45-69.
Gerd Sachs: The history of the settlement of the Messenians. Kovač, Hamburg 2006, ISBN 3-8300-2396-0 , pp. 153–158.

[1] Holger Baitinger: Consecrations of weapons in Greek sanctuaries. RGZM, Mainz 2011, ISBN 978-3-88467-174-0 , p. 60.

[2] Nino Luraghi: Becoming a Messenia , p. 52

[3] Nino Luraghi: The Ancient Messenians. Constructions of Ethnicity and Memory . Cambridge 2008. p. 118

[4] Robert Bauslagh: Messenian Dialect and Dedications of the "Methanioi". In: Hesperia . Vol. 59, 1990, pp. 661-668.

[5] John Bennet : The Geography of the Mycenaean Kingdoms. In: Yves Duhoux , Anna Morpurgo Davies : A Companion to Linear B. Mycenaean Greek Texts and Their World. Volume 2. Peeters, Löwen 2001, ISBN 978-90429-2403-1 , pp. 144 f.

[6] Κεντρική Ένωση Κεντρική Ένωση Δήμων και Κοινοτήτων Ελλάδας (ΚΕΔΚΕ) Ελληνική Εταιρία Τοπικής Ανάπτυξης και Αυτοδιοίκησης (ΕΕΤΑΑ) (ed.): Λεξικό Διοικητικών Μεταβολών των Δήμων και Κοινοτήτων (1912-2001). Volume 1 (Τόμος Α, α – κ), Athens 2002, ISBN 960-7509-47-1 , Volume 2 (Τόμος Β, λ – ω), p. 44.