Aktienstraße (Mülheim an der Ruhr / Essen)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Coordinates: 51 ° 26 ′ 39.1 ″  N , 6 ° 54 ′ 16.7 ″  E

Aktienstraße in Mülheim an der Ruhr
Aktienstrasse in Essen

The Aktienstraße in Mülheim an der Ruhr is now one of the busiest streets in the city. The multi-lane main road leads from downtown Mülheim to Essen-Borbeck and is one of the most important traffic connections to the A 40 . Tram line 104 runs along the street.

From Friedrich-Ebert-Strasse in Mülheim an der Ruhr to Frintroper Strasse in Essen, the street is around 5.1 kilometers long. Of these, 3.3 kilometers are on Mülheimer (zip code 45473) and 1.8 km on the city ​​of Essen (zip code 45359). In 2011 the overfly connection ramp to the Konrad-Adenauer-Brücke was torn down and shortened Aktienstraße on the Mülheim side by 250 meters.

The name Aktienstraße comes from the fact that Mathias Stinnes founded a stock corporation for the construction of the street , in which mine owners and coal traders from Essen and Mülheim participated. It was opened in 1839 as Mülheim-Borbecker- Chaussee and renamed Aktienstraße in 1896.

As a state road in the Düsseldorf administrative district , it bears the designation L445.

history

In the 18th and 19th centuries, Mülheim was one of the most important stacks for shipping the coal mined in the Ruhr area . From here it reached the sales areas on the Upper Rhine and the Netherlands via Ruhrort and the Rhine . In terms of quality, the hard coal mined in Mülheim did not come close to the higher quality fatty coal from England. In order to compensate for this disadvantage, the traders mixed their goods with the richer coal from the Essen mines in order to be able to compete on the Dutch market. This created a lot of traffic between the two cities. However, the dealers had to take a cumbersome detour via a better developed road, the Ruhrort-Essener Chaussee, via Oberhausen , which increased the prices of the goods. A direct connection from the mines in Essen to the loading areas in Mülheim was still impassable. The path was poorly developed at the beginning of the 19th century, leading partly through swampy ditches and steep ravines. Regular flooding by the Eppinghofener Bach often meant that the heavily laden horse carts got stuck in the morass. This made the connection unsuitable as a trade route.

As early as 1820, the shipowner and coal merchant Mathias Stinnes had the idea of ​​expanding the route into a paved trade route. With the direct connection from the mining areas to the coal depots on the Ruhr , both the mine owners and the traders were able to save a lot of time and money. However, the Prussian state hardly cared about the expansion of roads . So the project had to be financed privately. A sum of 32,000 thalers was required for the realization. For this purpose, Stinnes founded a stock corporation in 1829, in which the mine owners of the collieries Sälzer & Neuack , Schölerpad and Kronprinz as well as 49 citizens of Mülheim and Essen participated by subscribing shares. 160 individual shares of 200 Reichstalers each were sold, which the then mayor Christian Weuste certified on June 18, 1829. Convinced of the success, the Prussian state granted a grant of 3000 thalers for the road construction project. For legal reasons, however, it took until the first groundbreaking in 1838. The shareholders had made their calculations without the citizens of Eppinghofen . They protested vehemently against the construction, as they feared that the new road would jam the Eppinghofen stream and flood their houses. In order to drive forward the sales of hard coal, the Sellerbeck horse-drawn railway was built in 1837. It ran south, parallel to the planned road.

On March 3, 1838, the Mathias Stinnes company received the building contract for the new art street , Mülheim-Borbecker-Chaussee. The road was opened to public transport on October 12, 1839 by a notice in the government gazette. The construction was refinanced by a so-called road money . It was up to two silver groschen and six pfennigs per vehicle and had to be paid at the border to Essen-Borbeck or the Kirchberg restaurant (today Bürgergarten) in Mülheim. Carriages of the king, the army or the church were allowed to pass the private road free of charge.

What already became apparent on the Essen side in 1847, followed a few years later in Mülheim: With the establishment of the Bergisch-Märkische railway network and the decline of the Ruhr shipping , the Mülheim-Borbecker-Chaussee lost its importance as a trade connection, because the coal mining regions migrated north to the Areas of the Emscher and Lippe . In 1862 the barriers were removed and converted into a normal road. In the end, the old stock company was dissolved in 1896 and the road was taken over by the provincial administration. Since August 14, 1896, it has been called Aktienstraße.

As the city grew, Aktienstraße was adapted to the new needs. In 1912 a tram line was built between Friedrich-Ebert-Straße and the Borbeck border to provide a connection to the electric line in Essen. Several road expansion and renovation measures followed from 1966 in order to direct the traffic flows through the increased car traffic. A curved overfly connecting ramp led from Aktienstraße to the Konrad-Adenauer-Brücke to relieve the city traffic and enable a direct onward journey to Speldorf and Broich . This was demolished in 2011 as part of the Ruhrbania urban development concept and shortened Aktienstraße by 250 meters. This gave the hub parking spaces close to the city center and a different traffic route.

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c d Erwin Dickhoff: Essener streets . Ed .: City of Essen - Historical Association for City and Monastery of Essen. Klartext-Verlag, Essen 2015, ISBN 978-3-8375-1231-1 .
  2. ↑ Today overbuilt creek in Mülheim-Eppinghofen. He was also called Bruchbach. The Bruchstrasse is reminiscent of its course. As Horbach, it is still open today in the Horbach Valley between Mühlenstrasse and Bovertstrasse.
  3. ↑ Sellerbeck horse railway. In: Ruhrkohlenrevier - The early mining on the Ruhr. Retrieved November 1, 2018 .