Alexander Alexandrovich Wesnin

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Alexander Alexandrovich Wesnin

Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Vesnin ( Russian Александр Александрович Веснин ; born May 28 . Jul / 9. June  1883 greg. In Yuryevets ; † 7. November 1959 in Moscow ) was a Russian and Soviet architect and university lecturer .

Life

Alexander Wesnin and his older brothers Leonid and Wiktor grew up in a wealthy family where reading and music were cultivated. Alexander Wesnin graduated from the Moscow Commercial Academy and then studied like his brother Viktor at the St. Petersburg Institute of Civil Engineering (1901-1912). In 1904 they interrupted their studies and worked as assistants to architects. They participated in architecture competitions and worked in the artist studios of KF Juon , IO Dudin , WJ Tatlin and others. In 1912 Alexander received his engineering degree. His first projects still corresponded to a refined neoclassicism .

After the October Revolution , Wesnin designed sets in Moscow theaters from 1919 to 1925 : Annunciation by Paul Claudel (1920), Phèdre (1922, staged by A. J. Tairow ), The Man Who Was Thursday after GK Chesterton (1923, staged by SD Krschischanowski ) in the Kammertheater , The Auditor (1919), The Great Day or Figaro's Wedding (1920), Eugène Scribe's Paths to Fame (1922) in the Maly Theater and IA Novikov's Adalminas Pearl based on a story by Zacharias Topelius (1921) in the Moscow Children's Theater .

In 1920 Wesnin began to teach at the higher artistic-technical workshops (WChUTEMAS) . Along with Liubov Popova he led the initial price of the painting - Faculty of VKhUTEMAS. Both belonged to the working class of the objectivists, whose theoretical discussions focused on the analysis, representation and effect of color. Both created a model for a theater troop parade in Moscow for the III. International , for which Meyerhold should take over the direction . According to the drawings that have been preserved, part of the model was the future city formed from geometric shapes with pyramids and wheels reminiscent of machine parts , which was constructed from the decorations of the play The Man Who Was Thursday . Alexander Wesnin, Lyubow Popowa, Alexandra Exter , Alexander Rodtschenko and Varvara Stepanowa showed their abstract geometric works at the exhibition 5x5 = 25 in Moscow in 1921, in contrast to the usual expressionist forms as the end or death of art.

In 1923 the Wesnin brothers were among the leading constructivists . In 1925, Alexander Wesnin and Moissei Ginsburg, together with others, founded the OSA group , which united the leading constructivists. Together with Ginsburg he published the magazine SA (Gegenwartsarchitektur) with six issues per year (1926–1930). To this end, he published the magazine Der Soviet Künstler . In 1924, Alexander Wesnin was involved in the design of the Leningrad Pravda building and the building of the AKROS company. He supported the work of Le Corbusier . In 1927–1932 the Wesnin brothers carried out the DneproGES project, which they considered to be one of their best work. 1930–1934 Alexander Wesnin was involved in the construction of the SIL - Kulturpalast , which was restored by RP Aldonina from 1966–1976 . From 1933 Alexander and Viktor Wesnin headed one of the project offices of the Moscow City Soviet (later the People's Commissariat for Heavy Industry and then that of the Oil Industry).

Alexander Wesnin was buried next to his brothers in Moscow's Novodevichy Cemetery.

Web links

Commons : The Wesnin Brothers  - Collection of Pictures, Videos and Audio Files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Information on Alexander Alexandrowitsch Wesnin in the database of the Bibliothèque nationale de France , accessed on October 26, 2016.
  2. ^ SN Khan-Magomedov: Alexander Vesnin and Russian Constructivism . Thames and Hudson, Moscow 1988.
  3. ↑ SO Chan-Magomedow: Pioneers of Soviet Architecture . Verlag der Kunst, Dresden 1983.
  4. ↑ Aleksandr Aleksandroviç Vesnin. In: arch INFORM ; Retrieved October 26, 2016.
  5. ↑ Веснин Александр Александрович (accessed October 26, 2016).
  6. ↑ А.А.Веснин. Эскиз программы к спектаклю Камерного театра «Федра». 1922 (accessed October 26, 2016).
  7. ↑ Мария Маликова: "Скетч по кошмару Честертона" и культурная ситуация нэпа (accessed October 26, 2016)
  8. ↑ С. О. Хан-Магомедов: ВХУТЕМАС - ВХУТЕИН (1920–1930) (accessed October 26, 2016)
  9. ↑ Arifa Akbar: Drawing a blank: Russian constructivist makes late Tate debut (accessed October 25, 2016).
  10. ↑ С. О. Хан-Магомедов: Архитектура советского авангарда: Книга 1: Проблемы формообразования. Мастера и течения . Стройиздат, Moscow 1996, ISBN 5-274-02045-3 , p. 405 .
personal data
SURNAME Wesnin, Alexander Alexandrovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Веснин, Александр Александрович (Russian); Vesnin, Alexander Alexandrovich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian-Soviet architect and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH June 9, 1883
PLACE OF BIRTH Yuryevets
DATE OF DEATH November 7, 1959
Place of death Moscow