Amalrich of Tire

Amalrich of Tire (* around 1272 ; † June 5, 1310 in Nicosia ) was titular prince of Tire , constable of Jerusalem , as well as constable and regent of Cyprus .

Life

He was a son of Hugo III. , King of Cyprus and Jerusalem , and Isabella of Ibelin . His brother John I inherited his father as King of Cyprus and Jerusalem.

After Humfried von Montfort's death in 1284, his rule Tire reverted to the crown domain of Jerusalem. Amalrich then received Tire as a fief from his brother Johann, who had just been crowned. Apparently the rule was elevated to a principality.

He escaped the siege of Tripoli , where he had commanded the Cypriot forces, and was appointed constable of Jerusalem in April 1289. He also took part in the siege of Acre in 1291 , where he held high command until the arrival of his brother, King Henry II . When the city fell, he escaped to Cyprus with his brother. At about the same time, the Mamluks also occupy Tire.

When his brother Guido died around 1302, Amalrich succeeded him as constable of Cyprus.

Heinrich was unpopular in Cyprus and was replaced on April 26, 1306 with the help of the Knights Templar and some barons by Amalrich as governor and regent. The coup was non-violent because Heinrich had little support. Heinrich was arrested in Strovolos .

Amalrich's government, however, was initially popular. He reestablished relations with the Republic of Venice , the Republic of Genoa and the Order of St. John . Through his marriage to Isabella of Armenia in 1293, he established close ties with the neighboring kingdom of Little Armenia . Still, he was forced to obey the papal directive to arrest the Knights Templar when the order was dissolved, which led to a minor uprising in favor of Henry in January 1308. The uprising broke down quickly, but Amalrich was forced to imprison some nobles, including Ruben von Montfort, Johann von Dampierre, and some members of the Ibelin family . Two Ibelins were exiled to Armenia in April, and Johann von Dampierre was fatally wounded by an angry crowd when he tried to make contact with Heinrich. In February 1310, Amalrich sent Heinrich into exile in Armenia.

On June 5, 1310 he was murdered by Simon von Montolif. A conspiracy behind this act could not be proven, it is believed to be the result of a private dispute. After his death, his brother Aimery was proclaimed governor of Nicosia but was soon beaten and imprisoned, and Henry II returned to government.

Descendants

Amalrich and Isabella had five sons and one daughter:

• Hugo von Lusignan († 1318/1323 in Armenia), Lord of Crusoche ⚭ Eschiva von Ibelin († after 1324), mistress of St. Nicholas, daughter of Philip von Ibelin († 1304)
• Heinrich von Lusignan († before 1323 in Armenia)
• Guido von Lusignan († 1344 in Armenia), as Constantine IV. King of Armenia
• John of Lusignan († August 7, 1343 in Armenia), temporarily constable and regent of Armenia
• Bohemond of Lusignan († April 17, 1344 in Armenia), Lord of Korykos (1336) ⚭ 1340 Euphemia of Neghir († after 1381 in Jerusalem ), daughter of Baldwin of Neghir, Marshal of Armenia
• Agnes (Maria?) Of Lusignan († after 1309) ⚭ around 1305 Leon IV , King of Armenia

After Amalrich's death, his widow and children stayed in Armenia. Only his daughter died of natural causes; his widow and sons were all murdered.

literature

• Peter W. Edbury: The Kingdom of Cyprus and the Crusades, 1191-1374. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1991, ISBN 0-521-26876-1 .
• Steven Runciman : History of the Crusades (= dtv. 30175). 3. Edition. Deutscher Taschenbuch-Verlag, Munich 2001, ISBN 3-423-30175-9 .

Web links

• Amaury of Cyprus at fmg.ac (English)

predecessor	Office	successor
Humfried of Montfort	Prince of Tire 1284–1291	-
Baldwin of Ibelin	Constable of Jerusalem 1289–1291	-