Ammonium hydrogen sulfide

Structural formula
General
Surname	Ammonium hydrogen sulfide
other names	Ammonium bisulfide Ammonium mercaptan
Molecular formula	(NH 4 ) HS
Brief description	hygroscopic, colorless powder with a characteristic odor
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 12124-99-1 EC number 235-184-3 ECHA InfoCard 100,031,974 PubChem 25515 Wikidata Q197523
properties
Molar mass	51.1 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	1.17 g cm −3
Vapor pressure	52 kPa (22 ° C)
solubility	soluble in water (1281 g l −1 at 22 ° C) soluble in ethanol insoluble in benzene, hexane and ether
Refractive index	1.72
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances danger H and P phrases H: 314-400 EUH: 031 P: ?
Thermodynamic properties
ΔH f 0	- 157  kJ / mol (- 37.5 kcal / mol)
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . Refractive index: Na-D line , 20 ° C

Ammonium hydrogen sulfide is a chemical compound from the group of ammonium salts and hydrogen sulfides .

Extraction and presentation

Solutions of ammonium hydrogen sulfide can be prepared by bubbling hydrogen sulfide gas through concentrated ammonia .

${\displaystyle \mathrm {NH_{3}+H_{2}S\rightleftharpoons (NH_{4})HS} }$

properties

Ammonium hydrogen sulfide is an unstable, hygroscopic, colorless powder with a characteristic odor. It forms orthorhombic or tetrahedral crystals with the crystal structure P4 / nmm. It is commercially available as a 40% solution because it is more stable than the solid. The compound easily breaks down into ammonia and hydrogen sulfide, which is what gives it its characteristic odor. When heated, ammonium hydrogen sulfide decomposes, producing nitrous gases, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and sulfides.

The compound reacts with sulfur to form diammonium trisulphide (an ammonium polysulphide ).

${\displaystyle \mathrm {2\ (NH_{4})HS+2\ S\rightarrow (NH_{4})_{2}S_{3}+H_{2}S} }$

use

Ammonium hydrogen sulfide was used in stink bombs because of its odor . However, according to Directive 76/769 / EEC and the Consumer Goods Ordinance, this use is not permitted in joke articles and objects such as. B. Sneezing powder and stink bombs.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c} International Chemical Safety Card (ICSC) for ammonium bisulfide at the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), accessed December 9, 2014.
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Jean Dans, Ellen Lax; Elements, inorganic compounds and materials, minerals: Vol. III; ISBN 978-3-540-60035-0
3. ↑ ^{a b c d} Patnaik: Handbook of Inorganic Chemical Compounds ; ISBN 978-0-07-049439-8 .
4. ↑ ^{a b c} Entry on ammonium hydrogen sulfide in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on February 1, 2016(JavaScript required) .