Anton Ulrich von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel

Anton Ulrich of Braunschweig

Anton Ulrich Prince of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel (born August 28, 1714 in Bevern ; † May 4, 1774 in Cholmogory ) was a son of Ferdinand Albrechts II , Prince of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel-Bevern. As the husband of the regent Anna Leopoldowna, he was Generalissimo of the Russian Army from 1740 to 1741 .

Life

Anton Ulrich was the second son of Ferdinand Albrechts II and brother of the Prussian general Duke Ferdinand . He was also brother-in-law of King Friedrich II of Prussia. 1733 Anton Ulrich came at the request of the Russian Empress Anna , the husband for him to her niece Anna Leopoldovna had determined, after Russia . In Riga he took over the ownership of a regiment, the " Braunschweig cuirassiers " named after him as early as 1732 .

His marriage to Anna Leopoldowna did not take place in Saint Petersburg until 1739 . The resulting from this marriage Ivan VI. was appointed by the Empress as her future successor; Biron was to lead the regency until he came of age . Anton Ulrich and his wife were kept away from all government affairs.

When he was compromised in a conspiracy directed against Biron soon after the death of Empress Anna, Biron forced him to resign from all his military offices and threatened to expel him from Russia. After Biron's fall, the prince was raised to the rank of generalissimo of the Russian army by his wife, the regent Anna Leopoldovna . However, Anna Leopoldowna was ousted by Elisabeth Petrovna on the night of December 6, 1741 and imprisoned with her husband and children in the Citadel of Riga , later to Dünamünde and finally to Cholmogory in the Archangelgorod governorate , where she was abducted at the age of 27 in 1746 died.

Soon after her accession to the throne in 1762, Catherine II asked Anton Ulrich to leave Russia. But his children would have to stay behind, because for political reasons they could not be given freedom. He pulled his captivity with his children freedom without this before and died, almost completely blind, on May 4, 1774. His son Ivan was already in 1764 Schlüsselburg been murdered. His other four children were released in 1780. Catherine II refused them an annual salary and sent them to Denmark , where they lived in seclusion in Horsens in Jutland . The queen widow of Denmark, Juliane Marie von Braunschweig , was Anton Ulrich's younger sister.

progeny

In 1739 Anton Ulrich married Anna Leopoldowna , daughter of Duke Karl Leopold of Mecklenburg.

Ivan VI (1740–1764)
Catherine (1741–1807)
Elisabeth (1743–1782)
Peter (1745–1798)
Alexej (1746–1787)

literature

Carl Schlettwein : picture of Princess Katharina, granddaughter of Duke Karl Leopold von Meklenburg. In: Yearbooks of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology. Vol. 41 (1876), p. 155 f. (with remarks on the further fate of his descendants).
Aleksandr Gustavovič Brückner: The Braunschweig family in Russia. Schmitzdorff, St. Petersburg 1876, OCLC 257721101 .
Leonid Lewin: power, intrigue and exile. Guelphs and Romanovs at the court of the Russian Tsars. MatrixMedia, Göttingen 2002, ISBN 3-932313-05-4 .
Manfred von Boetticher: Anton Ulrich (dJ), Duke of Braunschweig and Lüneburg (Wolfenbüttel). In: Horst-Rüdiger Jarck , Dieter Lent et al. (Ed.): Braunschweigisches Biographisches Lexikon - 8th to 18th century . Appelhans Verlag, Braunschweig 2006, ISBN 3-937664-46-7 , p. 47-48 .

Web links

Commons : Anton Ulrich von Braunschweig - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

^ Georg Tessin : The regiments of the European states in the Ancien Régime des XVI. to XVIII. Century ; 3 volumes; Biblio Verlag: Osnabrück 1986-1995. ISBN 3-7648-1763-1 . Volume 1, p. 600. Karl Friedrich Hieronymus von Münchhausen also served in the same regiment . After Anton Ulrich's captivity, the regiment passed to Grand Duke Peter .

personal data
SURNAME	Anton Ulrich von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Anton Ulrich Prince of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel; Antoni Ulryk Braunschweig-Wolfenbuettel
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Russian general
DATE OF BIRTH	August 28, 1714
PLACE OF BIRTH	Bevern
DATE OF DEATH	May 4, 1774
Place of death	Cholmogory

[1] Georg Tessin : The regiments of the European states in the Ancien Régime des XVI. to XVIII. Century ; 3 volumes; Biblio Verlag: Osnabrück 1986-1995. ISBN 3-7648-1763-1 . Volume 1, p. 600. Karl Friedrich Hieronymus von Münchhausen also served in the same regiment . After Anton Ulrich's captivity, the regiment passed to Grand Duke Peter .