Antonio Lotti

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Antonio Lotti (* around 1667 in Venice ; † January 5, 1740 there ) was an Italian composer .

Life

Antonio Lotti was the son of Matteo Lotti , an electoral conductor at the court in Hanover . As a child, Lotti sang in the choir of St. Mark's Basilica in Venice. He received his artistic training from cathedral music director Giovanni Lenzei . Thanks to his teaching and support, Lotti was able to debut with the opera Giustino at the age of 16 . On May 31, 1692 he was appointed second organist in the Markuskirche; previously he had already proven his skills as a temporary organist. On August 17, 1704, he became the first organist to succeed Giacomo Spada .

In 1716 he composed the opera Costantino for the Viennese court , the score of which is now kept in the Austrian National Library.

When in 1717 the son of the Elector Augustus the Strong and later Elector Friedrich August von Sachsen was staying during his Grand Tour in Venice and there heard Lotti's music, he entered into negotiations with him and his wife Santa Stella on to make it to the court of Dresden to appeal where he intended to found an Italian opera. Lotti and his wife together received a fee of 9,975 thalers. They were paid as high as the later prima donna Faustina Bordoni and her husband Johann Adolph Hasse as Saxon court conductor.

Lotti made his debut in Dresden on October 25, 1717 with the opera Giove in Argo . With the re-performance of this opera two years later, on September 3, 1719, the celebrations (" planetary festivals ") for the wedding of the Saxon Prince Elector Friedrich August and later King August III. of Poland with the daughter of Emperor Joseph I , Maria Josefa Benedikta Antonia Theresia Xaveria Philippine (* December 8, 1699 in Vienna, † November 17, 1757 in Dresden), Archduchess of Austria , Princess of Hungary and Bohemia , and the specially built new opera house to be inaugurated. For the carnival season in 1718 Lotti brought his new opera Ascanio ovvero Gl'odi delusi dal sangue (premiered February 1718 Dresden, Redoutensaal) on stage. Lotti experienced his climax in Dresden with his opera Teofane . Its premiere on September 13, 1719 was one of the main musical attractions of the planetary festivals, but also included the two operas from previous years, Giove in Argo (September 3, 1719) and Ascanio ovvero Gl'odi delusi dal sangue (September 7, 1719 ) were repeated.

The end of the wedding celebrations also heralded the end of the first Italian opera at the Saxon court. In October 1719 Lotti and his wife Santa Stella were dismissed from the Saxon service and left Dresden. They received 160 ducats of travel money as a farewell.

In November 1719 Lotti returned to Venice and never again composed operas, but chamber music or church music.

In 1731 a scandal broke out when the famous composer Giovanni Battista Bononcini mistakenly claimed the authorship of the madrigal In una siepe ombrosa by Lotti. However, it has been clearly proven that this madrigal was taken from Lotti's collection Duetti, terzetti e madrigali from 1705. As a result, Lotti's excellent reputation was enhanced.

On April 2, 1736, Lotti was appointed to the prestigious office of Maestro di Cappella in St. Mark's Church in Venice. This made Lotti a later successor to Claudio Monteverdi . He had prevailed against the competitors Antonio Pollarolo , Nicola Porpora and Andrea Porta . From his compositions Lotti had become quite wealthy; nevertheless he did not want to give up this position of conductor. Lotti was also known as an excellent teacher: his students were among others. a. Domenico Alberti , Giovanni Battista Bassani , Baldassare Galuppi , Quirino Gaspari , Benedetto Marcello and Jan Dismas Zelenka . Lotti had also found an enthusiastic supporter in his colleague Johann Adolf Hasse .

Seriously ill as early as 1736, Antonio Lotti died at the age of almost 75 on January 5, 1740 in Venice. He was buried in the church of San Geminiano. When the church was destroyed in 1851, his tombstone was lost.

In Antonio Lotti's music a late but worthy successor was found for Andrea Gabrieli , who had already led Italian church music to an artistic climax a hundred years earlier.

Works

Secular vocal music

Operas

  • Il trionfo dell innocenza (Rinaldo Cialli), dramma per musica 3 acts (Carnival 1693 Venice)
  • Tirsi ( Apostolo Zeno ), dramma pastorale 5 acts ( Pasticcio , music by Lotti, Antonio Caldara and Attilio Ariosti ) (1696 Venice)
  • Sidonio ( Pietro Pariati ), dramma per musica 5 acts (1706 Venice)
  • Achille placato (Urbano Rizzi), tragedia per musica 5 acts (February 5, 1707 Venice)
  • Teuzzone (Apostolo Zeno), dramma per musica (1707 Venice)
  • Il vincitor generoso (Francesco Briani), dramma per musica 3 acts (1709 Venice)
  • Ama più che men si crede ( Francesco Silvani ), melodramma pastorale 3 acts (1709 Venice)
  • Il comando non inteso et ubbidito (Francesco Silvani), dramma per musica (1710 Venice)
  • La Ninfa Apollo (Francesco de Lemene), scherzo comico pastorale 3 acts (1710 Venice) (together with Francesco Gasparini )
  • Isacio tiranno (Francesco Briani), dramma per musica 3 acts (1710 Venice)
  • Il tradimento traditor di se stesso (Francesco Silvani), dramma per musica 3 acts (1711 Venice)
  • La forza del sangue (Francesco Silvani), dramma per musica 3 acts (November 14, 1711 Venice)
  • L'infedeltà punita (Francesco Silvani), dramma per musica 3 acts (1712 Venice) (together with Pollarolo)
  • Porsenna ( Agostino Piovene ), dramma per musica 3 acts (1713 Venice)
  • Irene augusta (Francsco Silvani), dramma per musica 3 acts (November 22, 1713 Venice)
  • Polidoro (Agostino Piovene), tragedia per musica 5 acts (1715 Venice)
  • Foca superbo (Antonio Maria Lucchini), dramma per musica 3 acts (Carnival 1716 Venice)
  • Ciro in Babilonia (Pietro Pariati), dramma per musica 3 acts (1716 Reggio nell'Emilia)
  • Costantino (Pietro Pariati? / Apostolo Zeno), dramma per musica 5 acts (1716 Vienna)
  • Alessandro Severo (Apostolo Zeno), dramma per musica 3 acts (December 26, 1716 Venice, San Giovanni Grisostomo); EA Brussels 1729 (Lotti's last opera written in Italy before he went to Dresden)
  • Giove in Argo (Antonio Maria Lucchini), melodramma pastorale 3 acts (1717/1719 Dresden)
  • Ascanio, ovvero Gli odi delusi dal sangue (Antonio Maria Lucchini), dramma per musica 3 acts (1718 Dresden)
  • Teofane (Stefano Benedetto Pallavicino), dramma per musica 3 acts (September 13, 1719 Dresden [on the celebrations on the occasion of the wedding of the Saxon Elector and later Elector Friedrich August III. Of Saxony with Archduchess Maria Josepha of Austria])
  • Li quattro elementi , carosello teatrale (1719 Dresden)

Cantatas

  • A Clorinda, al suo bene for soprano and B. c.
  • Adorato Filen prima che manchi for soprano and B. c.
  • Alma te'l dissi pure for soprano and B. c.
  • A l'ombra d'un alloro for double -alto and B. c.
  • Al piè d'un colle ameno for soprano and B. c.
  • Amor perché l'istessa fiamma for soprano and B. c.
  • Amor sa far le piaghe soavi for soprano, string instruments and B. c.
  • Ascolta Filli for soprano and B. c.
  • Aure care (I versione) for soprano and B. c.
  • Aure care (II versione) for Contra-Alt and B. c.
  • Bianca man, mano d'argento for soprano and B. c.
  • Cara Lidia adorata for soprano and B. c.
  • Cari numi for soprano and B. c.
  • Cedea Febo all'occaso for soprano and B. c.
  • Chari zephyri fontes for soprano, 2 oboes, string instruments and B. c.
  • Che v'ami il mio core for soprano and B. c.
  • Chi ben ama ha sol piacere for soprano, string instruments and B. c.
  • Clori, mi comandate for soprano and B. c.
  • Clori, tu parti ed io lungi for soprano and B. c.
  • Clori, tu parti ed io qui resto for soprano and B. c.
  • Daliso io più non veggio for soprano, contra-alto, string instruments and B. c.
  • Della mia bella Clori for soprano and B. c.
  • Dove sei, dolce mia vita for double-alto, string instruments and B. c.
  • E pure un dolce dardo for soprano and B. c.
  • E un martir che fa morir for contralto, string instruments and B. c.
  • Favella al tuo core for soprano, oboe, string instruments and B. c.
  • Filli crudel, spietata Filli for soprano and B. c.
  • Finché l'alba ruggiadosa for double -alto and B. c.
  • Fra queste vi sono qualche for soprano, violins and B. c.
  • Fra questi alpestri for soprano and B. c.
  • Gelsomin che superbetto for soprano and B. c.
  • Già che dovrai penar for soprano, string instruments and B. c.
  • Già di giubilo for Contra-Alto and B. c.
  • Ha colei dal cielo il viso for double -alto, string instruments and B. c.
  • Idrena idolo mio for contralto and B. c.
  • I cocenti sospiri for soprano and B. c.
  • Il mio cor non ha riposo for soprano and B. c.
  • Il tributo degli dei for 4 voices and string instruments (1736)
  • In alta rocca for soprano and B. c.
  • Io piango al tuo partir for soprano and B. c.
  • Io sospiro se vi miro for soprano and B. c.
  • Lagrime sventurate che pe 'i fonti for soprano and B. c.
  • Lasciatemi piangere che di versare for soprano and B. c.
  • La speranza è come stella for soprano and B. c.
  • Le stelle fortunate for soprano, bass, string instruments and B. c.
  • Lidia, amor che si pasce for soprano and B. c.
  • Lidia, t'amai nol niego for soprano and B. c.
  • Lilla, del tuo bel foco for double -alto and B. c.
  • Lusinghiera bellezza in dolce pena for soprano and B. c.
  • Ma confuse e vergognose for soprano, string instruments and B. c.
  • Meco vieni e sorgerai for contra-alto, string instruments and B. c.
  • Mi dispiace in amor for soprano, violin and B. c.
  • Mi forza di morir Fillide for soprano and B. c.
  • Mirai, e fu lo sguardo for double-alto and B. c.
  • Mira sul verde for soprano and B. c.
  • Occhi veri pupilli for soprano and B. c.
  • Oh pastorello gentile e bello for soprano and B. c.
  • Partirò ma tutti aurete for contralto, string instruments and B. c.
  • Pastori, se vedete all'or ch'il sole for soprano and B. c.
  • Per far fede à chi non crede for soprano, violin and B. c.
  • Per mirar chi è la mia luce for soprano, string instruments and B. c.
  • Per rendersi gradito (1st version) for soprano and B. c.
  • Per rendersi gradito (2nd version) for double -alto and B. c.
  • Piange il fiore, piange il prato for soprano, violins and B. c.
  • Qual'arde la Fenice for soprano and B. c.
  • Quanto per te soffersi for soprano and B. c.
  • Quanto siete fortunate for soprano and B. c.
  • Quest'alma non disprezza for soprano, string instruments and B. c.

Others

  • Duetti, terzetti e madrigali (1705)

Sacred vocal music

Oratorios

The music for the oratorios has been lost. The year and place relate to the premiere.

  • La Giuditta (1701)
  • Gioas re di Giuda (Libretto by Zaccaria Valaresso, ca.1701, Venice)
  • San Rinaldo (1702, Venice)
  • Il voto crudelo (libretto by Pietro Pariati , 1712, Vienna)
  • Triumphus fidei (1712, Venice)
  • L'umiltà coronata in Esther (libretto by Pietro Pariati, c. 1714, Vienna)
  • Il ritorno di Tobia (libretto by G. Melani, 1723, Venice)

Others

  • Messa for 4 voices in C major
  • Crucifixus for 8 voices in C minor

Instrumental music

  • Concerto in D major for oboe d'Amore
  • 6 symphony
  • 2 quartets for 2 oboes and 2 bassoons
  • Sonata for oboe d'Amore, recorder and B. c. in C major
  • Sonata for recorder, viola da gamba and B. c.
  • Sonata for 2 oboes, bassoon or double bass
  • 6 sonata for violin and B. c.
  • La ragazza mal custodita (ballo comico per il clavier)

student

literature

Web links

Commons : Antonio Lotti  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Norbert Dubowy, Remarks on Church Music by Antonio Lotti, Handel-Jahrbuch 46 (2000), 85-99
  2. ↑ To compare the other salaries in thalers mentioned for 1717: the soprano Margherita Durastanti - 5225 thalers , Maria Antonia Laurenti , known as Coralli - 2375 thalers , the contralto Vittoria Tesi - 2375 thalers , Madelaine du Salvay (Maria Maddalena Salvai) - 2000 th., Livia Constantini - 1600 th. Among the singers, the famous castrato Francesco Bernardi, called Senesino - 6650 thalers, his colleague, the soprano Matteo Berselli - 4275 thalers, the bassist Giuseppe Maria Boschi - 3325 thalers. The then court composer Stefano Pallavicini received 1333 thalers. 8 g (oschen). All information from Moritz Fürstenau: On the history of music and theater at the court of Dresden… . Kuntze, Dresden 1862. Vol. 2, pp. 135-136
  3. ^ Inauguration with Moritz Fürstenau: On the history of music and theater at the court of Dresden… . Kuntze, Dresden 1862. Vol. 2, p. 139 . The UA 1717 took place in the Redoutensaal - cf. Corago .
  4. ↑ Libretto Ascanio, ovvero Gl'odi delusi dal sangue
  5. ↑ The repetitions of Teofane on September 27th and Ascanio on September 29th, together with a French comedy performed on the 30th, rounded off the planetary festivals. Cf. Moritz Fürstenau: On the history of music and theater at the court of Dresden… . Kuntze, Dresden 1862. Vol. 2, p. 148
personal data
SURNAME Lotti, Antonio
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Italian composer
DATE OF BIRTH around 1667
PLACE OF BIRTH Venice
DATE OF DEATH January 5, 1740
Place of death Venice