Armand Dufrénoy
Ours-Pierre-Armand Petit-Dufrénoy (born September 5, 1792 in Sevran , near Paris , † March 20, 1857 ), known as Armand Dufrénoy , was a French geologist and mineralogist .
After graduating from the Lyceum in 1811, Dufrénoy studied at the École polytechnique until 1813 and then joined the Corps des Mines . In 1819 André Brochant de Villiers brought him to the École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris . There he was commissioned with another student of Bronchant de Villiers, Élie de Beaumont , to draw up a geological map of France, which had been decided in 1821 and was under the direction of Bronchant de Villiers. All three traveled to Great Britain in 1823, where George Bellas Greenoughhad published a geological map of England as early as 1819 and where they studied stratigraphic methods. The exploration work lasted from 1825 to 1829 and then the elaboration took place. The first results were presented by Bronchant de Villiers in 1835; the geological map of France on a scale of 1: 500,000 itself appeared in 1841. It took five years (1836–1841) to write the explanatory text for the map, and the publication of the three volumes lasted from 1841 to 1873. He taught mineralogy from 1825 at the École des Mines and also at the École Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées . In 1835 he became professor of mineralogy at the École des Mines, succeeding Bronchant de Villiers. De Beaumont became a geology professor that same year.
With Beaumont he also published the experiences of the England trip of 1823 Voyage Métallurgique en Angleterre (Metallurgical trip through England, 1827, 2nd edition 1837-1839), Mémoires pour servir a une description géologique de la France in four volumes (treatise in support of a geological Description of France, 1830–1838) and a treatise on the Cantal and Monts Dore (1833).
Other works by Dufrénoy are a representation of the iron deposits in the mines of the eastern Pyrenees (1834) and a treatise on mineralogy in four volumes including atlas (1844-1845, 2nd edition 1856-1859), in which he describes the geological conditions of the formation of Described minerals and their physical and chemical properties. He also wrote numerous articles for the Annales des mines series and other scientific publications, including Des terrains volcaniques des environs de Naples (The volcanic areas around Naples). He described u. a. the minerals arseniosiderite (1842), Gedrit (1836), pentlandite (1856) and the manganese-containing titanite variety Greenovite (Greenoughite).
Dufrénoy had been a member of the Académie des Sciences since 1840 , commander of the Legion of Honor and general inspector of mining.
Honors
- In 1843 he received the Wollaston Medal of the Geological Society of London together with Élie de Beaumont .
- In 1845 a newly discovered mineral was named Dufrénoysite in his honor .
Web links
- Ours-Pierre-Armand DUFRENOY (1792-1857) (French)
- Dufrenoy, Pierre Armand. Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon, Volume 5. Leipzig 1906, p. 254. Zeno.org
- Wollaston Medal . The Geological Society of London, archived from the original onAugust 19, 2010; accessed on January 23, 2016(English, original website no longer available).
literature
- Jean-Jacques Amigo, "Dufrénoy (Ours, Pierre, Armand dit Petit-Dufrénoy)", in Nouveau Dictionnaire de biographies roussillonnaises, vol. 3 Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, Perpignan, Publications de l'olivier, 2017, 915 p. ( ISBN 9782908866506 )
Individual evidence
- ^ Jean-Jacques Amigo, “Dufrénoy (Ours, Pierre, Armand dit Petit-Dufrénoy)”, in Nouveau Dictionnaire de biographies roussillonnaises, vol. 3 Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, Perpignan, Publications de l'olivier, 2017, 915 p. ( ISBN 9782908866506 )
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Dufrénoy, Armand |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Petit-Dufrénoy, Ours-Pierre-Armand |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French geologist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 5, 1792 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Sevran near Paris |
| DATE OF DEATH | March 20, 1857 |