Poor-flowered rush

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Poor-flowered rush
Arm-flowered swamp rush (Eleocharis quinqueflora), habitus

Arm-flowered swamp rush ( Eleocharis quinqueflora ), habitus

Systematics
Monocots
Commelinids
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Sourgrass family (Cyperaceae)
Genre : Marsh rushes ( Eleocharis )
Type : Poor-flowered rush
Scientific name
Eleocharis quinqueflora
( Hartmann ) O. Black

The arm- flowered swamp rush ( Eleocharis quinqueflora ), also little-flowered swamp rush , is a species of the genus swamp rushes ( Eleocharis ) within the sourgrass family (Cyperaceae). It is widespread in the northern hemisphere .

description

inflorescence

The arm-flowered swamp rush is an inconspicuous, evergreen, perennial herbaceous plant that only reaches heights of about 15 centimeters. It forms long, thin runners , the end buds of which are thickened like onions. Their strong appearing, round, smooth stem is dark green, rarely gray-green in color and has thick leaf sheaths at the base .

The flowering period extends from May to June. The inflorescence contains only one terminal spikelet. The spikelet is 4 to 8 millimeters long and not wider than 4 millimeters, pointed and usually contains only three to seven flowers. The lowest glume is almost as long as the brownish-red colored spikelet and completely surrounds the stem. Each flower has four to six Perigon bristles, only slightly shorter than the fruit are and three scars on.

The chromosome number is 2n = 100, 132, 134, 136.

Occurrence and endangerment

The arm-flowered swamp rush is a meridional to boreal flora element . It is widespread in the northern hemisphere from North America through Europe to Asia . It is also found in southern South America. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises to over 1,800 meters above sea level.

The arm-flowered swamp rush occurs in both flat and hilly areas. It is rare in the Central European lowlands, but there it often forms smaller populations at its locations; it is very rare in the low mountain range of Central Europe; in the central European foothills of the Alps and in the Alps , where it rises up to 2000 meters, it occurs scattered, there it is usually population-forming. Their stocks are in decline both across Europe and in Germany. In Germany in 1996 the arm-flowered swamp rush is considered endangered and is also on the red list of endangered fern and flowering plants. In Rhineland-Palatinate, Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt it is already considered lost. It is threatened with extinction in North Rhine-Westphalia, Brandenburg and Thuringia. The reason for the decline is the destruction of natural habitats : the intensive use of arable areas and the draining of moors.

The arm-flowered swamp rush is a typical species of limestone bogs . It grows on wet, swampy meadows, in low or spring moors and in the alternately moist valleys of the coastal dunes . It prefers flat bogs and spring swamps; but it also goes on wet peat ridges. It is weakly salt tolerant and alkaline , i.e. i.e., it prefers basic soils . The arm-flowered rush thrives best on loose, but wet and base-rich, usually even calcareous soils , which should, however, be extremely low in nitrogen. She is a species of character of the order Tofieldietalia.

literature

  • Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: Our grasses. Sweet grasses, sour grasses, rushes . 11th edition. Kosmos, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-440-07613-X .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Eleocharis quinqueflora (Hartmann) O. Schwarz, Wenigblütige Sumpfsimse. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  165 .
  3. ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Eleocharis quinqueflora. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved October 28, 2016.
  4. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 229.
  5. ↑ a b c Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe . 2nd Edition. tape 5 : Swan flowers to duckweed plants . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .

Web links

Commons : Armblütige Swamp rush ( Eleocharis quinqueflora )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files