Aschach (Freudenberg)

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Aschach
Community Freudenberg
Coordinates: 49 ° 28 ′ 10 ″  N , 11 ° 54 ′ 6 ″  E
Height : 470 m above sea level NN
Residents : 851  (Jun. 2019)
Incorporation : April 1, 1971
Postal code : 92272
Area code : 09621
View of Aschach from the cemetery to the west down the valley (2018)
View of Aschach from the cemetery to the west down the valley (2018)

Aschach is a district of the Upper Palatinate municipality of Freudenberg in the district of Amberg-Sulzbach in Bavaria .

geography

The parish village is located about six kilometers northeast of Amberg in the eastern foothills of the Franconian Alb at an altitude of 470  m . To the west of the village, the terrain slopes down to the valley of the Krumbach , a left tributary of the Vils . To the north the relief rises in the extensive forest area of ​​the Tannach up to 567  m . The ridge of the Upper Palatinate Forest begins about 20 km to the east .

history

In the years 1085-1088, the Aschach was first mentioned in a document by Heinricus de Ascha. The name Aschach obviously comes from the Middle High German names for ash trees and rivers and means "settlement near the ash trees on the Ache ". The area around Aschach was settled as early as the Bronze Age. In the vicinity of Aschach there are about 30 Celtic barrows in the "Kirschenholz", on the "Pfarracker" and in the "Kohlholz". They probably belong to the Hallstatt period from the first millennium BC and are protected as ground monuments.

In the Salbuch Duke Ludwig des Strengen (around 1280) the place "Acha" is mentioned in the Amberg office, whereby two farms are mentioned as old ducal estates in addition to newly acquired estates of the House of Ortenburg-Murrach. According to a document dated November 21, 1323, the hospital in Amberg founded by Ludwig the Bavarian received a farm in Aschach.

Aschach is closely connected to the history of Amberg. In the 11th century Aschach and Amberg came to the area of ​​the Counts of Sulzbach. In 1188 Aschach went to the sons of Emperor Friedrich I and after their death in 1191 fell back to Bamberg. In 1326 Aschach appears in the land register of the Lengenfeld vicarage. With the Treaty of Pavia in 1329, Aschach came to the Electoral Palatinate as part of the Bavarian northern district (today's Upper Palatinate).

In the years 1633–1634 the plague occurred devastatingly in Amberg and the surrounding area. That is why Amberg's citizens built a Mariahilf chapel on the nearby Mariahilfberg, for which the blacksmith from Aschach supplied 2,000 board nails for the construction of the chapel in 1634 and another 4,500 nails in 1642. During the War of the Spanish Succession , Aschach came under Austrian government on October 29, 1703, along with all of the Bavarian spa. In 1745 Aschach and Amberg returned to Bavaria.

The Bavarian original cadastre shows Aschach in the 1810s with 37 hearths west of the Catholic Church of St. Giles and its walled church .

In 1837 Aschach was assigned to the Upper Palatinate administrative district, since 1862 it has belonged to the Amberg district office, from 1939 to the Amberg district and from 1972 to the Amberg-Sulzbach district.

As in the rest of the country, the two world wars brought hard times and great suffering. The war memorial built in 1925 at the entrance to the church bears witness to the numerous fallen and missing citizens of the community of Aschach.

On April 1, 1971, the previously independent municipality became part of the Freudenberg municipality . The village currently has 851 inhabitants (as of June 30, 2019).

Church history in Aschach

1313 a Chunradus is mentioned as a plebanus in Aschach. Aschach is mentioned as the seat of a deanery in a Regensburg cathedral calculation from 1459.

The diocesan register of 1916 writes as the first sentence: "Amberg was once dependent on Aschach". On the other hand, the registry from 1997 informs that this cannot be proven in terms of sources. So whether the Ambergers living on the Vils really had to go to church in Aschach cannot be answered. This also applies to the assumption that Aschach used to own two churches, St. Giles and St. Oswald. It goes back to the entry in the register of 1665 and is probably based on a confusion between Aschach and the parish of Asch in Bohemia. In a view from 1589 made by Hans Kannlpaldung, however, two towers can be seen. On the historical map from 1681, however, only the previous church of St. Egidius can be seen.

School in Aschach

The parish village of Aschach had a school early on. Aschach probably owned a school building as early as 1660. The first mention of a school teacher, Georg Schmid, can be found in 1628. In 1840 an extension was made to the existing school building. In 1875 a new school was built in the immediate vicinity of the previous school, outside the cemetery. In 1962, a modern new school building was built on the Hohlweg in Aschach, as a precaution with two school halls, because in the school year 1963/64 the school in Aschach became two-class. The old school house by the church is now owned by the church. From 1966 there was a school association Aschach - Raigering. In 1982 the school in Lintach was expanded and all Aschach students moved to Lintach and Freudenberg (or in 1982 to the Dreifaltigkeisschule Amberg). The school house from 1962 was sold.

Buildings

In Aschach not much has been preserved in terms of historical building fabric. In addition to the Romanized church from the 1750s, its rectory and the cemetery, only parts of the medieval fortifications of the Aschach castle ruins are preserved, which are now integrated into a residential building on Hainlranger 5 and protected as architectural monuments.

Donatus Chapel

Only a few hundred meters northeast of the historic town center is the early modern Donatuskapelle , which was built in 1848 in neo-Gothic style and is also a listed building.

See also: List of architectural monuments in Aschach

Parish Church of St. Giles

In 1749 the previous church was demolished and the nave was built in its place under mason Joseph Wolf (construction period: 1749 to 1755). Eleven years later, the old tower was also demolished and it was given a baroque onion by Wolfgang Diller in the style of the time. The choir with high altar was also moved into this tower. When the onion fell in a storm, the tower received its current pointed helmet. In 1788 Georg Grotz from Amberg painted the high altar picture. In 1761, the Amberg organ builder Johann Funtsch built an organ. The present organ was installed in 1899 by the Binder & Siemann company from Regensburg. A total of four bells with a total weight of 2,200 kg hang in the belfry of the tower:

  • "Trinity Bell", 600 kg (1950, old bell melted down during World War II)
  • "Marienglocke", 300 kg (1950, old bell melted down during World War II)
  • "Aegidius bell", 230 kg (1950, old bell melted down during World War II)
  • "Sebastian Bell", 180 kg (1921) (death bell)

St. Aegidius is one of the fourteen helpers in need and is considered a protector against fires and natural disasters, plague and leprosy. He is the patron saint of shepherds and nursing mothers.

Rectory

In 1585 the rectory was built. It consists of the house (1585), an outbuilding (1758) and a barn.

Chapel of St. Donatus

On July 11, 1845, the episcopal approval for the construction of a chapel in honor of St. Donatus was granted. The chapel was built in 1846/47 and was consecrated in July 1847. The chapel was equipped with a neo-Gothic altar. Every year in mid-July, the Donatus Festival takes place under the shade of the chestnut trees.

Aschach Castle

Opposite the parish church of St. Agidius are the remains of an abandoned castle, one of the oldest in the area around Amberg. The complex clearly embodies the type of early and high medieval tower castle, which combines residential and military functions in one building. In a view from 1589, the castle is surrounded by a curtain wall with a covered battlement which, however, was laid down at the beginning of the 17th century. In 1634 the Swedes set the castle on fire. In 1862 the "tower" was demolished down to the basement and a one-story building was erected on it, which was replaced by a new building a few years ago. The structure of the medieval complex was used as a guide. The area is now privately owned.

The castle was the ancestral seat of the Aschach family, a noble family. The first tangible representative of the family is a Heinricus de Aschach who is mentioned around 1085.

Clubs and events

societies

  • Aschach volunteer fire department
  • Aschach Catholic Boys' Association
  • Aschach-Raigering fruit and horticultural association
  • Stopselclub Aschach
  • Ice stock club Aschach
  • Catholic women's association Aschach-Raigering

Events

  • Kirwa (on the last weekend in August)
  • Village festival
  • Donatus Festival
  • Village Christmas
  • Midsummer bonfire

literature

  • Information on the history and buildings: Text passages and information (from the author of the Festschrift) from the Festschrift 125 Years of FF Aschach (with sources given there)

Web links

Commons : Aschach (Freudenberg)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c LfD list for Freudenberg (.pdf)
  2. ↑ Aschach on BayernAtlas Klassik
  3. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 419 .